The Conformational Epitope of Type III Group B Streptococcus Capsular Polysaccharide

ChemInform ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zou ◽  
Harold J. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Conformational Epitope ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals A Phase 2, Randomized, Control Trial of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Type III Capsular Polysaccharide-tetanus Toxoid (GBS III-TT) Vaccine to Prevent Vaginal Colonization With GBS III

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2079-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L Hillier ◽  
Patricia Ferrieri ◽  
Morven S Edwards ◽  
Marian Ewell ◽  
Daron Ferris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Maternal Immunization ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Group B Streptococcus (GBS) frequently colonizes pregnant women and can cause sepsis and meningitis in young infants. If colonization was prevented through maternal immunization, a reduction in perinatal GBS disease might be possible. A GBS type III capsular polysaccharide (CPS)-tetanus toxoid conjugate (III-TT) vaccine was evaluated for safety and efficacy in preventing acquisition of GBS colonization. Methods Healthy, nonpregnant women aged 18–40 years and screened to be GBS III vaginal and rectal culture negative were randomized to receive III-TT conjugate or tetanus diphtheria toxoid vaccine in a multicenter, observer-blinded trial. GBS vaginal and rectal cultures and blood were obtained bimonthly over 18 months. Serum concentrations of GBS III CPS-specific antibodies were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Among 1525 women screened, 650 were eligible for the intent-to-treat analysis. For time to first acquisition of vaginal GBS III, vaccine efficacy was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1%–58%; P = .044), and for first rectal acquisition efficacy was 43% (95% CI, 11% to 63%; P = .014). Two months post-immunization, geometric mean concentrations of serum GBS type III CPS-specific immunoglobulin G were 12.6 µg/mL (95% CI, 9.95 to 15.81) in GBS III-TT recipients, representing a 4-fold increase from baseline in 95% of women, which persisted. Both vaccines were well tolerated. Conclusions GBS CPS III-TT conjugate vaccine significantly delayed acquisition of vaginal and rectal GBS III colonization. In addition to its use for maternal immunization to passively protect infants with maternally derived antibodies, a multivalent vaccine might also serve to reduce fetal and neonatal exposure to GBS. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00128219.

scholarly journals Immunodeterminant specificity of human immunity to type III group B streptococcus.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Kasper ◽  
C J Baker ◽  
R S Baltimore ◽  
J H Crabb ◽  
G Schiffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Opsonic Activity ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
The Core ◽  
Native Antigen ◽  
Group B ◽  
Native Group

The type III polysaccharides of group B Streptococcus in its native state chemically consists of glucose, galactose, glucosamine, and sialic acid. The core of this polysaccharide lacks sialic acid and precipitates with type III antiserum to give a partial identity with the precipitate between the native antigen and this serum. The core determinant is immunochemically similar to the capsular polysaccharide of type XIV Streptococcus pneumoniae, while the native type III group B streptococcal polysaccharide does not cross-react with type XIV pneumococcal antiserum. In human sera, it is antibody directed to the native antigen which correlates very highly with opsonic immunity (r = 0.94) while a poorer correlation exists between antibody to the core antigen and opsonins (r = 0.51 P less than 0.001). In natural infections, as association exists between low levels of maternal antibody to the native antigen and risk of disease in the infant. This association is not true for antibody to the core structure, where both infected infants and their mothers have much higher levels of antibody to the core than the native antigens. Infected infants are also more likely to respond to infection by developing antibody to the native antigen. Immunization of 12 adults with multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide induced significantly better antibody response to the core antigen than to the native, and this vaccine induced opsonic activity in only one recipient. Immunization of adults with type III group B streptococcal antigens induced antibody to the native determinant which correlated with opsonic activity. Therefore, it would appear that native group B streptococcal polysaccharides will provide the best candidate antigens for immunization.

scholarly journals Quantitative determination of antibody to capsular polysaccharide in infection with type III strains of group B Streptococcus.

1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 810-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Baker ◽  
D L Kasper ◽  
IRAB Tager ◽  
A Paredes ◽  
S Alpert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Group B
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