ChemInform Abstract: β-Chromium Plating from a Chromic Acid Electrolyte Containing Formic Acid.

ChemInform ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.-Y. TSAI ◽  
S.-T. WU
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Acid Electrolyte ◽  
Chromium Plating

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of a Formic Acid Electrolyte-Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ouellette ◽  
Cynthia Ann Cruickshank ◽  
Edgar Matida
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Acid Electrolyte ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

The performance of a new methanol fuel cell that utilizes a liquid formic acid electrolyte, named the formic acid electrolyte-direct methanol fuel cell (FAE-DMFC) is experimentally investigated. This fuel cell type has the capability of recycling/washing away methanol, without the need of methanol-electrolyte separation. Three fuel cell configurations were examined: a flowing electrolyte and two circulating electrolyte configurations. From these three configurations, the flowing electrolyte and the circulating electrolyte, with the electrolyte outlet routed to the anode inlet, provided the most stable power output, where minimal decay in performance and less than 3% and 5.6% variation in power output were observed in the respective configurations. The flowing electrolyte configuration also yielded the greatest power output by as much as 34%. Furthermore, for the flowing electrolyte configuration, several key operating conditions were experimentally tested to determine the optimal operating points. It was found that an inlet concentration of 2.2 M methanol and 6.5 M formic acid, as along with a cell temperature of 52.8 °C provided the best performance. Since this fuel cell has a low optimal operating temperature, this fuel cell has potential applications for handheld portable devices.

Experimental Studies of a Formic Acid Electrolyte: Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ouellette ◽  
Cynthia Ann Cruickshank ◽  
Edgar Matida
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Acid Electrolyte ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

A new methanol fuel cell that utilizes a liquid formic acid electrolyte, named the formic acid electrolyte-direct methanol fuel cell (FAE-DMFC) is experimentally tested. Three fuel cell configurations were examined; a flowing electrolyte and two circulating electrolyte configurations. From these three configurations, the flowing electrolyte and the circulating electrolyte, with the electrolyte outlet routed to the anode inlet, provided the most stable power output; where minimal decay in performance and less than 3 and 5.6 % variation in power output were observed in the respective configurations. The flowing electrolyte configuration also yielded the greatest power output by as much as 34 %. Furthermore, for the flowing electrolyte configuration, several key operating conditions were experimentally tested to determine the optimal operating points. It was found that an inlet concentration of 2.2 M methanol and 6.5 M formic acid, as well as a cell temperature of 52.8 °C provided the best performance.

The mechanisms of oxidation of formaldehyde and formic acid by ions of chromium (VI), vanadium (V) and cobalt (III)

1963 ◽  
Vol 274 (1359) ◽  
pp. 480-499 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Secondary Alcohol ◽  
Kinetics Of Oxidation ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Kinetic Isotope ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Cyclic Intermediate

The kinetics of oxidation of formaldehyde, formic acid and their deuterated isomers have been studied with chromic acid (part A) and also with vanadium (v), and cobalt (III) as oxidants (part B). In each case the reaction mechanism resembles that for the oxidation of a secondary alcohol by the same oxidant. Thus formaldehyde is oxidized in its hydrated form, H 2 C(OH) 2 . The quantitative study of kinetic and solvent effects leads to clarification of further details concerning secondary stages in the oxidations effected by chromic acid, whilst the determination of thermodynamic parameters for the oxidations by one electron abstracting reagents (part B) shows that any direct correlation between activation energies and kinetic isotope effects involves unwarrantable assumptions. It is probable that these reactions proceed through cyclic intermediate complexes.

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