ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF DIVINYL SULFOXIDE WITH GLYCOLS AS AN EFFECTIVE ROUTE TO NEW WATER-SOLUBLE OLIGOSULFOXIDES WITH ACTIVE END GROUPS

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. TROFIMOV ◽  
N. K. GUSAROVA ◽  
A. N. NIKOL'SKAYA ◽  
N. A. BARANSKAYA ◽  
S. V. AMOSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
End Groups

THE STRUCTURE OF AN ARABOGALACTAN FROM MONTEREY PINE (PINUS RADIATA)

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1538-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Brasch ◽  
J. K. N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
End Groups

The two major components of the water-soluble polysaccharides from Monterey pine (Pinusradiata) are an arabogalactan and a glucomannan. The arabogalactan contained L-arabinose and D-galactose in the ratio 1 to 8. The polysaccharide is highly branched in structure and contains end groups of L-arabofuranose and of D-galactopyranose. Removal of the L-arabinose residues leaves a highly ramified galactan.

Hyperimmune human ABO blood-typing sera: reactivity with murine laminin and cytotoxicity for metastatic murine tumour cells

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-256
Author(s):  
J.P. McCoy ◽  
D. Schrier ◽  
E.J. Lovett ◽  
W.J. Judd ◽  
J. Varani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Typing ◽  
Metastatic Cells ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Murine Fibrosarcoma ◽  
Group B

Commercially prepared ABO blood-typing antisera have been tested for their ability to bind to murine laminin and their cytotoxic effects upon high and low metastatic variants of a murine fibrosarcoma. Previous studies have shown that alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end-groups comprise the major antigenic determinants on type B erythrocytes and that these same end-groups are present on murine laminin purified from the EHS sarcoma and on a laminin-like glycoprotein on the surface of the high, but not low, metastatic fibrosarcoma cells. In the present study we found that all sera containing anti-B activity were cytotoxic to the high, but not the low, metastatic cells and that all of these sera reacted strongly against immobilized murine laminin in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sera lacking anti-B activity, i.e. anti-A antisera, were much less cytotoxic to either cell line and three of the four anti-A sera did not bind to murine laminin. The laminin reactivity and cytotoxic effect of the anti-B sera were specifically abrogated by preincubation of the sera with water-soluble blood group B substance or with murine laminin but not with water-soluble blood group A substance.

Controlled synthesis of radiolabelled amine methacrylate water-soluble polymers with end-groups of varying hydrophobicity and studies of adsorption behaviour

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Long ◽  
David W. Thornthwaite ◽  
Suzanne H. Rogers ◽  
Francis R. Livens ◽  
Steve P. Rannard
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Adsorption Behaviour ◽  
Water Soluble Polymers ◽  
Soluble Polymers ◽  
End Groups

Synthesis, photophysical studies and 1O2 generation of ruthenium phthalocyanine dendrimers

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 378-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Setaro ◽  
Rubén Ruiz-González ◽  
Santi Nonell ◽  
Uwe Hahn ◽  
Tomás Torres
Keyword(s):  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Photophysical Studies ◽  
Phthalocyanine Derivative

A series of ruthenium phthalocyanine centered dendrimers has been prepared with up to 32 ethyl ester end groups. The photophysical properties have been assessed in THF to reveal a correlation between the degree of dendritic environment and the ability to generate singlet oxygen. In the attempt to prepare the correponding highly water-soluble polyelectrolyte dendrimers upon saponification we observed the cleavage of the central esters moieties adjacent to the pyridine unit in all cases. However, despite the lack of shielding by a growing branched shell surrounding the photoactive center, the obtained tetracarboxylate-terminated ruthenium phthalocyanine derivative was still able to generate singlet oxygen in aqueous medium.

A Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin as an Embedding Material for Electron Microscopy of Membranes

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 328-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Robertson ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Electron Microscope Autoradiography ◽  
Resorcinol Formaldehyde ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Cell Organization

The extraction of lipids from tissues during fixation and embedding for electron microscopy is widely recognized as a source of possible artifact, especially at the membrane level of cell organization. Lipid extraction is also a major disadvantage in electron microscope autoradiography of radioactive lipids, as in studies of the uptake of radioactive fatty acids by intestinal slices. Retention of lipids by fixation with osmium tetroxide is generally limited to glycolipids, phospholipids and highly unsaturated neutral lipids. Saturated neutral lipids and sterols tend to be easily extracted by organic dehydrating reagents prior to embedding. Retention of the more saturated lipids in embedded tissue might be achieved by developing new cross-linking reagents, by the use of highly water soluble embedding materials or by working at very low temperatures.

Ferritin Labeled Antibody Staining of Thin Sections

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 420-421
Author(s):  
J. D. McLean ◽  
S. J. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Antibody Staining ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

The successful application of ferritin labeled antibodies (F-A) to ultrathin sections of biological material has been hampered by two main difficulties. Firstly the normally used procedures for the preparation of material for thin sectioning often result in a loss of antigenicity. Secondly the polymers employed for embedding may non-specifically absorb the F-A. Our earlier use of cross-linked polyampholytes as embedding media partially overcame these problems. However the water-soluble monomers used for this method still extract many lipids from the material.

The Effect of Benzene on Bluegill Olfactory Lamellae

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 574-575
Author(s):  
D.R. Mattie ◽  
J.W. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Normal Surface ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer

Jet fuels such as JP-4 can be introduced into the environment and come in contact with aquatic biota in several ways. Studies in this laboratory have demonstrated JP-4 toxicity to fish. Benzene is the major constituent of the water soluble fraction of JP-4. The normal surface morphology of bluegill olfactory lamellae was examined in conjunction with electrophysiology experiments. There was no information regarding the ultrastructural and physiological responses of the olfactory epithelium of bluegills to acute benzene exposure.The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of benzene on the surface morphology of the nasal rosettes of the bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Bluegills were exposed to a sublethal concentration of 7.7±0.2ppm (+S.E.M.) benzene for five, ten or fourteen days. Nasal rosettes were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2.0% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1.25mM calcium chloride. Specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopy.

An SEM study of raphide crystal initials in the leaves of vitis (grape)

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 984-985
Author(s):  
H. J. Arnott ◽  
M. A. Webb ◽  
L. E. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystal Cells ◽  
Crystal Idioblast

Many papers have been published on the structure of calcium oxalate crystals in plants, however, few deal with the early development of crystals. Large numbers of idioblastic calcium oxalate crystal cells are found in the leaves of Vitis mustangensis, V. labrusca and V. vulpina. A crystal idioblast, or raphide cell, will produce 150-300 needle-like calcium oxalate crystals within a central vacuole. Each raphide crystal is autonomous, having been produced in a separate membrane-defined crystal chamber; the idioblast''s crystal complement is collectively embedded in a water soluble glycoprotein matrix which fills the vacuole. The crystals are twins, each having a pointed and a bidentate end (Fig 1); when mature they are about 0.5-1.2 μn in diameter and 30-70 μm in length. Crystal bundles, i.e., crystals and their matrix, can be isolated from leaves using 100% ETOH. If the bundles are treated with H2O the matrix surrounding the crystals rapidly disperses.

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