ChemInform Abstract: ANODIC PROCESSES ON A TITANIUM-SUPPORTED RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE ELECTRODE AT HIGH POTENTIALS IN A MIXTURE OF SULFURIC ACID AND AMMONIUM SULFATE

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. FUKUDA ◽  
C. IWAKURA ◽  
H. TAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Ruthenium Dioxide ◽  
High Potentials

The behaviour of lead dioxide electrodes in acidic sulfate electrolytes

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
DB Matthews ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
SPS Badwal
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Lead Dioxide ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Vehicle Propulsion ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pbo2 Electrode ◽  
Acidic Sulfate

The variation of discharge capacity during charge-discharge cycling of a PbO2 electrode, prepared by pressing PbO2 powder onto a smooth lead disc, in sulfuric acid and acidic ammonium sulfate solutions of various concentrations was investigated by the potentiodynamic technique. The discharge capacity was found to increase with cycle number in 0.05-4.3 H2SO4; this was explained in terms of the increase in porosity of the electrode with cycling. The rate of increase was highest in a 1 mol dm-3 solution. The presence of ammonium sulfate decreased the discharge capacity at all concentrations of sulfuric acid except for the 1 mol dm-3 solution where it caused a small increase in capacity. The morphology of the electrode was studied by scanning electron microscopy and the results are correlated with the discharge capacity. These results indicated that a solution of composition 0.5 mol dm-3 ammonium sulfate and 1.0 mol dm-3 sulfuric acid will produce a greater utilization of positive plate active material (PbO2) during discharge. This result, taken together with the results of earlier studies on lead in acidic sulfate electrolytes, points to the possibility of a Pb/H2SO4,/PbO2 battery for electric-vehicle propulsion.

scholarly journals Photochemical organonitrate formation in wet aerosols

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 12631-12647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Bin Lim ◽  
Hwajin Kim ◽  
Jin Young Kim ◽  
Barbara J. Turpin
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tartaric Acids ◽  
Fine Aerosol ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions

Abstract. Water is the most abundant component of atmospheric fine aerosol. However, despite rapid progress, multiphase chemistry involving wet aerosols is still poorly understood. In this work, we report results from smog chamber photooxidation of glyoxal- and OH-containing ammonium sulfate or sulfuric acid particles in the presence of NOx and O3 at high and low relative humidity. Particles were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). During the 3 h irradiation, OH oxidation products of glyoxal that are also produced in dilute aqueous solutions (e.g., oxalic acids and tartaric acids) were formed in both ammonium sulfate (AS) aerosols and sulfuric acid (SA) aerosols. However, the major products were organonitrogens (CHNO), organosulfates (CHOS), and organonitrogen sulfates (CHNOS). These were also the dominant products formed in the dark chamber, indicating non-radical formation. In the humid chamber (> 70 % relative humidity, RH), two main products for both AS and SA aerosols were organonitrates, which appeared at m ∕ z− 147 and 226. They were formed in the aqueous phase via non-radical reactions of glyoxal and nitric acid, and their formation was enhanced by photochemistry because of the photochemical formation of nitric acid via reactions of peroxy radicals, NOx and OH during the irradiation.

scholarly journals The Novel Strategy for Increasing the Efficiency and Yield of the Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis by the Double Conjugate Salts Stress

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Wenqiao Meng ◽  
Yunna Lei ◽  
Chunxu Li ◽  
Jiaji Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Solution ◽  
Bipolar Membrane ◽  
Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

To improve sulfuric acid recovery from sodium sulfate wastewater, a lab-scale bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) process was used for the treatment of simulated sodium sulfate wastewater. In order to increase the concentration of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) generated during the process, a certain concentration of ammonium sulfate solution was added into the feed compartment. To study the influencing factors of sulfuric acid yield, we prepared different concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution, different feed solution volumes, and different membrane configurations in this experiment. As it can be seen from the results, when adding 8% (NH4)2SO4 into 15% Na2SO4 under the experimental conditions where the current density was 50 mA/cm2, the concentration of H2SO4 increased from 0.89 to 1.215 mol/L, and the current efficiency and energy consumption could be up to 60.12% and 2.59 kWh/kg, respectively. Furthermore, with the increase of the volume of the feed compartment, the concentration of H2SO4 also increased. At the same time, the configuration also affects the final concentration of the sulfuric acid; in the BP-A-C-BP (“BP” means bipolar membrane, “A” means anion exchange membrane, and “C” means cation exchange membrane; “BP-A-C-BP” means that two bipolar membranes, an anion exchange membrane, and a cation exchange membrane are alternately arranged to form a repeating unit of the membrane stack) configuration, a higher H2SO4 concentration was generated and less energy was consumed. The results show that the addition of the double conjugate salt is an effective method to increase the concentration of acid produced in the BMED process.

Modelling of sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate aerosol formation in the aerrea2 reactor

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S87-S88
Author(s):  
Martin Wilck ◽  
Frank Stratmann ◽  
Lars Asbjørn Larsen ◽  
Rita Van Dingenen ◽  
Frank Raes
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sulfate Aerosol ◽  
Aerosol Formation

Development of copper-on-alumina catalytic materials for the cleanup of flue gas and the disposal of diluted ammonium sulfate solutions

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Centi ◽  
B.K. Hodnett ◽  
P. Jaeger ◽  
C. Macken ◽  
M. Marella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
Sulfate Solutions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

Some aspects of the industrial development of copper-on-alumina catalytic materials for the combined removal of SO2 (DeSOx and NOx (DeNOx) from flue gas of power plants are discussed. Applications of these catalytic materials for the recovery of sulfuric acid from diluted aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate are also outlined. In particular, the following specific topics are analyzed: (i) the relationship between textural and reactivity properties. (ii) the problem of the design of samples with improved DeSOx properties in relation to the stability of the samples over extended operations, and (iii) the optimization of the regeneration characteristics of the samples. Details on the flow sheet of the technology are also given.

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