Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy Enhanced by Dynamics: The Role of Charge Transfer and Photostability in the Selection of Photosensitizers

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5346-5357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis G. Arnaut ◽  
Mariette M. Pereira ◽  
Janusz M. Dąbrowski ◽  
Elsa F. F. Silva ◽  
Fábio A. Schaberle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Therapy Efficacy ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity of cyclometallated ruthenium complexes: the role of ligand exchange on the activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (1995) ◽  
pp. 20120135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alycia M. Palmer ◽  
Bruno Peña ◽  
R. Bryan Sears ◽  
Olivia Chen ◽  
Maya El Ojaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Coordination Sphere ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Ligand Substitution ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Ligand Charge Transfer

The cyclometallated Ru(II) complexes cis -[Ru(phpy)(phen)(CH 3 CN) 2 ](PF 6 ) ( 1 ; phpy − =deprotonated 2-phenylpyridine, phen=1,10-phenanthroline) and cis -[Ru(phpy)(bpy)(CH 3 CN) 2 ](PF 6 ) ( 2 ; bpy=2,2′-bipyridine) were investigated as potential agents for photodynamic therapy. The presence of phpy − in the coordination sphere results in a red-shift of the Ru→phen and Ru→bpy metal-to-ligand charge transfer of 1 and 2 , respectively, thus improving the tissue penetration of light while maintaining the efficient photo-induced ligand exchange required for DNA binding. The 14-fold enhancement of OVCAR-5 cell death that occurs upon irradiation with 690 nm light can be attributed to photo-aquation. The role of glutathione (GSH) on the toxicity of the complex was also explored. Complexes 1 and 2 undergo ligand substitution in the presence of GSH in the dark, such that the metal may covalently bind to biomolecules. The combination of photo-induced ligand exchange and GSH-facilitated ligand exchange may explain the observed cytotoxicity.

Dynamic adjustment of emission from both singlets and triplets: the role of excited state conformation relaxation and charge transfer in phenothiazine derivates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Qiu ◽  
Xinyi Cai ◽  
Mengke Li ◽  
Liangying Wang ◽  
Yanmei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Intramolecular Charge Transfer ◽  
Dynamic Adjustment ◽  
Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer

Dynamic adjustment of emission behaviours by controlling the extent of twisted intramolecular charge transfer character in excited state.

Faculty selection of textbooks: Key variables and the role of teaching experience

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Taitano ◽  
Bradley Smith ◽  
Cade Hulbert ◽  
Kristin Batten ◽  
Lalania Woodstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Faculty Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Posttransplant CMV infection and the role of immunosuppression (Sponsor: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nürnberg)

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Mtor Inhibitor ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Expert Meeting ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractImmunosuppression permits graft survival after transplantation and consequently a longer and better life. On the other hand, it increases the risk of infection, for instance with cytomegalovirus (CMV). However, the various available immunosuppressive therapies differ in this regard. One of the first clinical trials using de novo everolimus after kidney transplantation [1] already revealed a considerably lower incidence of CMV infection in the everolimus arms than in the mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) arm. This result was repeatedly confirmed in later studies [2–4]. Everolimus is now considered a substance with antiviral properties. This article is based on the expert meeting “Posttransplant CMV infection and the role of immunosuppression”. The expert panel called for a paradigm shift: In a CMV prevention strategy the targeted selection of the immunosuppressive therapy is also a key element. For patients with elevated risk of CMV, mTOR inhibitor-based immunosuppression is advantageous as it is associated with a significantly lower incidence of CMV events.

Energy Efficiency Analysis in ERA using NFL-BA Algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
Palky Mehta ◽  
H. L. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Head ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Energy Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

In the current scenario of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), power consumption is the major issue associated with nodes in WSN. LEACH technique plays a vital role of clustering in WSN and reduces the energy usage effectively. But LEACH has its own limitation in order to search cluster head nodes which are randomly distributed over the network. In this paper, ERA-NFL- BA algorithm is being proposed for selects the cluster heads in WSN. This algorithm help in selection of cluster heads can freely transform from global search to local search. At the end, a comparison has been done with earlier researcher using protocol ERA-NFL, which clearly shown that proposed Algorithm is best suited and from comparison results that ERA-NFL-BA has given better performance.

Tauchnitz for Translators. The Circulation of English-language Literature in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Outi Paloposki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Book Production ◽  
German Publisher ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Selection Of

The article looks at book production and circulation from the point of view of translators, who, as purchasers and readers of foreign-language books, are an important mediating force in the selection of literature for translation. Taking the German publisher Tauchnitz's series ‘Collection of British Authors’ and its circulation in Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth century as a case in point, the article argues that the increased availability of English-language books facilitated the acquiring and honing of translators' language skills and gradually diminished the need for indirect translating. Book history and translation studies meet here in an examination of the role of the Collection in Finnish translators' work.

The Adult as Foe or Friend?: Childism in Guus Kuijer's Criticism and Fiction

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Joosen
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Children’S Books ◽  
Memorial Award ◽  
Adult Reader ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Selection Of

Compared to the attention that children's literature scholars have paid to the construction of childhood in children's literature and the role of adults as authors, mediators and readers of children's books, few researchers have made a systematic study of adults as characters in children's books. This article analyses the construction of adulthood in a selection of texts by the Dutch author and Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award winner Guus Kuijer and connects them with Elisabeth Young-Bruehl's recent concept of ‘childism’ – a form of prejudice targeted against children. Whereas Kuijer published a severe critique of adulthood in Het geminachte kind [The despised child] (1980), in his literary works he explores a variety of positions that adults can take towards children, with varying degrees of childist features. Such a systematic and comparative analysis of the way grown-ups are characterised in children's texts helps to shed light on a didactic potential that materialises in different adult subject positions. After all, not only literary and artistic aspects of children's literature may be aimed at the adult reader (as well as the child), but also the didactic aspect of children's books can cross over between different age groups.

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