Agronomic responses and sugarcane aphid pressure in warm‐season annual forage mixtures

Seasonal Hay Feeding for Cattle Production in the Fescue Belt

Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics ◽

10.1017/aae.2019.30 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 16-29

Author(s):

Christopher N. Boyer ◽

Dayton M. Lambert ◽

Andrew P. Griffith ◽

Christopher D. Clark ◽

Burton English

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Warm Season ◽

Grazing Management ◽

Cattle Production ◽

Forage Production ◽

Animal Management ◽

Forage Mixtures ◽

Warm Season Grasses

AbstractWe determined how pasture and grazing management practices affected the number of days hay was fed to cattle by season. Data were collected from a survey of Tennessee cattle producers. Days of cattle on hay varied across seasons because of variations in forage production and weather. The number of days hay was fed to cattle varied with pasture-animal management practices such as rotating pastures, forage mixtures, and weed management strategies. Having mixtures of cool- and warm-season grasses reduced the number of days on hay in the winter, spring, and summer months indicating benefits from diversified forages.

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191 Yield and nutritive quality of summer annual forage mixtures

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz397.058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 26-26

Author(s):

Serena Thompson ◽

Sandra L Dillard ◽

Alana Jacobson ◽

Jenny Koebernick ◽

Grey Parks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forage Yield ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Leaf Sample ◽

Sugarcane Aphid ◽

Nutritive Quality ◽

Sorghum Sudangrass ◽

Forage Mixtures ◽

Similar Yield

Abstract Summer annual forage mixtures are both high yielding and contain a high nutritive quality. They provide a summer forage option for maintaining stockers, forage-finished beef, and replacement heifers on with little to no external inputs needed. Recently, sugarcane aphid infestations have limited production of sorghum × sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor var. bicolor*bicolor var. sudanese; S). This study investigated mono-, bi-, and tri- cultures of S, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata; C), and crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris; R). Forage yield, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL, and sugarcane aphid counts were determined for each treatment. Sugarcane aphid counts were conducted on a weekly basis during the study and forage samples were harvested twice during each season. A forage subsample was taken for determination of CP, NDF, ADF, and ADL using wet chemistry. Data were analyzed using Proc Glimmix of SAS 9.4 (SAS inst., Cary, NC). During Year 1, the only difference in yield among treatments was observed in R, which was lower than other plots (949 and 1,259 kg/ha, respectively; P < 0.05). Neutral detergent fiber was greatest (P < 0.0001) in treatments containing S, whereas C and C+R had the least NDF (64.6%, 55.1%, and 56.6%, respectively; P < 0.02). Sugarcane aphids were greater (P < 0.0001) in S+C compared to S+R and SI on July 12 (33.5, 21.1, and 22.4 aphid days/ two leaf sample, respectively). During Year 2, there were no differences in yield among plots (996 kg/ ha, P > 0.9); NDF was greatest in S and lowest in plots containing C and C+R (63%, 46%, and 45.6%, P < 0.0001). While there appeared to be no reduction in sugarcane aphid pressure in the mono- and mixed- cultures of S, C+R showed promise as a summer annual mixture with similar yield and higher quality to that of S and S mixtures.

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91 Growth performance of landrace hair sheep lambs under different forage environments

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz397.170 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 72-73

Author(s):

Stephan Wildeus ◽

Dahlia O’Brien ◽

Gabriel J Pent ◽

Kathryn Payne

Keyword(s):

Warm Season ◽

Cool Season ◽

Hair Sheep ◽

Nutrient Analysis ◽

Ewe Lambs ◽

Wide Range ◽

Grazing Period ◽

Winter Annual ◽

Lamb Growth ◽

Forage Mixtures

Abstract Lambs for the project were produced under semi-continuous lambing using accelerated mating in a dual flock system of landrace hair sheep (Barbados Blackbelly and St. Croix). Lamb cohorts were born every 4 mo. At 4 mo of age, lambs were rotationally stocked on pastures consisting of either tall fescue, summer and winter annual forage mixtures, or were provided bermudagrass hay in sacrifice pastures. Lambs were rotated based on forage availability, and forage was sampled for nutrient analysis at each rotation. Soyhull pellets were provided at 1–3% BW. Lambs were removed as they reached 36 kg. Weights were recorded (n = 1945) from 7 cohorts between December 2017 and September 2019 as lambs moved between forage environments (6 to 40 d). The grazing lamb flock was made up of two cohorts (initial size: 25–53 lambs) at any given time. The effect of breed, sex, cohort class (4–7 mo, and 8–11 mo), and forage environment (classified as cool and warm season annual, perennial pasture, and hay) on ADG was determined. Mean ADG was higher in St. Croix than Barbados Blackbelly (105 vs. 93 g/d; P< 0.05), and ram than ewe lambs (115 vs. 84 g/d; P < 0.001). Older cohorts in each grazing period had higher ADG than younger cohorts (105 vs. 94 g/d; P < 0.05). There was a wide range in ADG for individual weigh periods (16 to 310 g/d), but warm and cool season annuals and hay feeding forage environments produced similar ADG (110–117 g/d); while summer perennial forage grazing was lower (56 g/d; P < 0.001). Supplementing forage with soyhull may have masked differences in lamb growth between forage environments despite higher crude protein and TDN in the annual forages (11 to 20%; and 55 to 85%) than in hay and perennial summer grazing (8 to 10%; and 50 to 55%).

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Forage-Based Heifer Development Program for North Florida

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ag424-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jose C.B. Dubeux ◽

Nicolas DiLorenzo ◽

Kalyn Waters ◽

Jane C. Griffin

Keyword(s):

Development Program ◽

Warm Season ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Good News ◽

Cool Season ◽

Beef Industry ◽

Performance Targets ◽

Grazing Systems ◽

Heifer Development ◽

Reducing Costs

Florida has 915,000 beef cows and 125,000 replacement heifers (USDA, 2016). Developing these heifers so that they can become productive females in the cow herd is a tremendous investment in a cow/calf operation, an investment that takes several years to make a return. The good news is that there are options to develop heifers on forage-based programs with the possibility of reducing costs while simultaneously meeting performance targets required by the beef industry. Mild winters in Florida allows utilization of cool-season forages that can significantly enhance the performance of grazing heifers. During the warm-season, integration of forage legumes into grazing systems will provide additional nutrients to meet the performance required to develop a replacement heifer to become pregnant and enter the mature cow herd. In this document, we will propose a model for replacement heifer development, based on forage research performed in trials at the NFREC Marianna.

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Translucent Glass Roofs For Large-Span Coverings

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2019.06.23-28 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 23-28

Keyword(s):

Warm Season ◽

Natural Light ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Main Bearing ◽

Large Span ◽

Glass Panels ◽

Technical Properties ◽

Internal Volume ◽

Basic Approaches ◽

Smoke Removal

The article deals with the issues of glass use in the enclosing structures of large-span coverings, which have such advantages as ensuring the penetration of natural light, tightness, minimum labor costs for repair and maintenance. Design shortcomings: the high cost, the need for protection of the internal volume against the penetrating sun rays in the warm season (hothouse effect); arrangement of devices for operation of a roof. The key technical properties and characteristics of glass panels and pane-glass sets, constructive decisions, including interface to the main bearing structures of a large-span covering are given. Peculiarities of their design with due regard for ventilation and smoke removal, a drainage of condensate, ways of fight against frosting and snow drifts on the roof are reflected. Features of the account of loadings, the basic approaches to their calculation are considered. Various design solutions for the spatial metal trussed systems with the original nodal connections are presented. Information on modern solutions of translucent roofs using glass for large-span coverings is given.

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