Rapid Multialkylation of Aqueous Ammonia with Alcohols by Heterogeneous Iridium Catalyst under Simple Conditions

ChemCatChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Yu ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
Kenji Wada ◽  
Ryohsuke Kurihara ◽  
Qi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Iridium Catalyst

CONJUGATED OESTROGENS. I

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Kushinsky ◽  
Jane (Wu) Tang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Amine ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Organic Solution ◽  
Extraneous Material

ABSTRACT A convenient and mild procedure is described in this paper whereby free and conjugated oestrogens may be extracted from urine. The extracts containing approximately 90 per cent of the oestrogens are devoid of most of the extraneous material and may be reduced in volume to less than 1/15 of that of the urine. The procedure consists of the following steps: (1) a 10 per cent (v/v) solution of a high molecular weight secondary amine (Amberlite LA-2, Rohm and Haas) in ethyl acetate is washed with formic acid and water, (2) the oestrogens in urine (acidified to pH 2 or 3 with H2SO4) are extracted with the LA-2 solution, (3) the oestrogen fraction is back-extracted from the organic solution with dilute aqueous ammonia.

Mild Temperature Copper-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides with Aqueous Ammonia in the Presence of Pyridyldiketone Ligands

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Racha Abed Ali Abdine ◽  
Anna Walczak ◽  
Sultan Abu A Aeash ◽  
Gracjan Kurpik ◽  
Artur R. Stefankiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic System ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Efficient Coupling ◽  
Ambidentate Ligand ◽  
Mild Temperature

Ambidentate ligand pyridyldiketones were used in combination with copper to catalyze maintain of aryl halides under very mild temperatures. This novel catalytic system allow efficient coupling in one of the smoothest conditions ever reported in literature.

Hydrogen production from cellulose catalyzed by an iridium complex in ionic liquid under mild conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genki Toyooka ◽  
Toshiki Tanaka ◽  
Kenji Kitayama ◽  
Naoko Kobayashi ◽  
Takashi Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Iridium Complex ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Iridium Catalyst

A new and simple method for hydrogen production from cellulose using an iridium catalyst and an ionic liquid under mild conditions was developed.

scholarly journals Improving the Anaerobic Digestion of Swine Manure through an Optimized Ammonia Treatment: Process Performance, Digestate and Techno-Economic Aspects

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Anna Lymperatou ◽  
Niels B. Rasmussen ◽  
Hariklia N. Gavala ◽  
Ioannis V. Skiadas
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia Soaking ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Reduction Efficiency

Swine manure mono-digestion results in relatively low methane productivity due to the low degradation rate of its solid fraction (manure fibers), and due to the high ammonia and water content. The aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) pretreatment of manure fibers has been proposed for overcoming these limitations. In this study, continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure mixed with optimally AAS-treated manure fibers was compared to the AD of manure mixed with untreated manure fibers. Due to lab-scale pumping restrictions, the ratio of AAS-optimally treated manure fibers to manure was only 1/3 on a total solids (TS) basis. However, the biogas productivity and methane yield were improved by 17% and 38%, respectively, also confirming the predictions from a simplified 1st order hydrolysis model based on batch experiments. Furthermore, an improved reduction efficiency of major organic components was observed for the digester processing AAS-treated manure fibers compared to the non-treated one (e.g., 42% increased reduction for cellulose fraction). A preliminary techno-economic analysis of the proposed process showed that mixing raw manure with AAS manure fibers in large-scale digesters could result in a 72% increase of revenue compared to the AD of manure mixed with untreated fibers and 135% increase compared to that of solely manure.

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