Rapid “Mix-and-Stir” Preparation of Well-Defined Palladium on Carbon Catalysts for Efficient Practical Use

ChemCatChem ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1869-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Yakukhnov ◽  
Evgeniy O. Pentsak ◽  
Konstantin I. Galkin ◽  
Roman M. Mironenko ◽  
Vladimir A. Drozdov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Palladium On Carbon

scholarly journals Clues to a Pd/C catalyst’s efficiency can be found on its surface: Identification of an efficient catalyst for the global hydrogenolysis of ether protecting groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Crawford ◽  
Yan Qiao ◽  
Yequn Liu ◽  
Dongmei Huang ◽  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palladium Catalyst ◽  
Protecting Groups ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Palladium On Carbon

<p>We report insights into our observations of the wide variability in quality of palladium catalyst from different suppliers, finding the fundamental differences can be rationalized through a combination of XRD, XPS, and TEM analysis, offering the possibility to predict a catalysts performance prior to the use of valuable synthetic material and save time consuming efforts to identify high quality palladium on carbon catalysts. The synthetic glycan accessed in this study will allow further steps towards the development of semisynthetic vaccines against cryptococcal infections.</p>

scholarly journals Variation in the Structure and Activity of Commercial Palladium on Carbon Catalysts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Crawford ◽  
Yan Qiao ◽  
Yequn Liu ◽  
Dongmei Huang ◽  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Active Species ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Palladium On Carbon ◽  
Key Indicators

<p>Palladium catalysed hydrogenolysis is often the final step in challenging natural product total synthesis and a key step in industrial processes towards fine chemicals. Here we demonstrate that there is wide variability in quality of commercial sources of palladium on carbon (Pd/C), which results in differences in selectivity, reaction times, and yields. This is established through a combination of XRD, XPS, BET and TEM analysis, this will serve as a template for others to quickly identify a high-quality source of Pd/C catalyst — meaning less time spent on time consuming reaction optimisation studies. Key indicators of a high-quality catalyst include: small particle sizes, large surface area, and the presence of both Pd<sup>0</sup> and Pd<sup>2+ </sup>active species (not present in all commercial sources). Further this work will enable the design and synthesis of new high-quality Pd/C catalysts.</p>

scholarly journals Defining the Qualities of High-Quality Palladium on Carbon Catalysts for Hydrogenolysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor J. Crawford ◽  
Yan Qiao ◽  
Yequn Liu ◽  
Dongmei Huang ◽  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Quality ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Palladium On Carbon

scholarly journals Variation in the Structure and Activity of Commercial Palladium on Carbon Catalysts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Crawford ◽  
Yan Qiao ◽  
Yequn Liu ◽  
Dongmei Huang ◽  
Wenjun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Active Species ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Palladium On Carbon ◽  
Key Indicators

<p>Palladium catalysed hydrogenolysis is often the final step in challenging natural product total synthesis and a key step in industrial processes towards fine chemicals. Here we demonstrate that there is wide variability in quality of commercial sources of palladium on carbon (Pd/C), which results in differences in selectivity, reaction times, and yields. This is established through a combination of XRD, XPS, BET and TEM analysis, this will serve as a template for others to quickly identify a high-quality source of Pd/C catalyst — meaning less time spent on time consuming reaction optimisation studies. Key indicators of a high-quality catalyst include: small particle sizes, large surface area, and the presence of both Pd<sup>0</sup> and Pd<sup>2+ </sup>active species (not present in all commercial sources). Further this work will enable the design and synthesis of new high-quality Pd/C catalysts.</p>

Hydrogenation of nitrogen oxide on platinum-carbon catalysts in acidic medium

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 2669-2675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Paseka
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Diffusion Region ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Platinum Content ◽  
Kinetically Controlled ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Hydrogenation of nitrogen oxide in acid solutions on Pt-C catalysts proceeds in dependence on experimental conditions either in purely diffusion region or in the diffusion and kinetically controlled region. The boundary between these two processes shifts to the higher ratio of NO to H2 partial pressures with increasing platinum content and decreasing intensity of agitation.

scholarly journals Pretreatment of Switchgrass for Production of Glucose via Sulfonic Acid-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Yane Ansanay ◽  
Praveen Kolar ◽  
Ratna Sharma-Shivappa ◽  
Jay Cheng ◽  
Consuelo Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for the conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The catalysts were synthesized by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid with activated carbon. The characterization of catalysts suggested an increase in surface acidities, while surface area and pore volumes decreased because of sulfonation. Batch experiments were performed in 125 mL serum bottles to investigate the effects of temperature (30, 60, and 90 °C), reaction time (90 and 120 min) on the yields of glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated switchgrass using Ctec2 yielded up to 57.13% glucose. Durability tests indicated that sulfonic solid-impregnated carbon catalysts were able to maintain activity even after three cycles. From the results obtained, the solid acid catalysts appear to serve as effective pretreatment agents and can potentially reduce the use of conventional liquid acids and bases in biomass-into-biofuel production.

scholarly journals Ordered Mesoporous Carbon as a Support for Palladium-Based Hydrodechlorination Catalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Farzeen Sakina ◽  
Carlos Fernandez-Ruiz ◽  
Jorge Bedia ◽  
Luisa Gomez-Sainero ◽  
Richard Baker
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Catalyst Composition ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons ◽  
Carbon Catalysts

Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) was employed as a support for palladium nanoparticles in catalysts for the gas phase hydrodechlorination (HDC) of trichloromethane (TCM). 1 wt% palladium was incorporated using three methods: incipient wetness (IW); a dilute solution (DS) method; and a solid-liquid (SL) method. The effect of the preparation method on catalyst structure and activity was investigated. Catalyst composition and nanostructure were studied using gas physisorption, high specification transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Catalytic conversion and product selectivities were determined in steady-state activity tests at temperatures between 70 and 300 °C. Two of the catalysts (IW and DS) showed excellent dispersion of fine Pd nanoparticles of average diameter ~2 nm. These materials showed excellent activity for HDC of TCM which compares favourably with the performance reported for Pd on amorphous carbon catalysts. In addition, they showed relatively high selectivities to the more valuable higher hydrocarbons. However, the SL method gave rise to catalysts with larger particles (~3 nm) and a less uniform palladium distribution. This resulted in lower conversion and lower selectivities to higher hydrocarbons and in more severe catalyst deactivation at the highest reaction temperatures.

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