Biocatalytic Potential of Enzymes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Isoprenoid Quinones

ChemCatChem ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin A. Aleku ◽  
Beatrycze Nowicka ◽  
Nicholas J. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Isoprenoid Quinones

Catenulispora graminis sp. nov., a rhizobacterium from bamboo (Phyllostachys nigro var. henonis) rhizosphere soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 2589-2592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Jin Lee ◽  
Song-Ih Han ◽  
Kyung-Sook Whang
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna Relatedness ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones ◽  
Type Strains

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain BR-34T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of bamboo (Phyllostachys nigro var. henonis) sampled in Damyang, Korea. The strain was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of the genus Catenulispora . The strain contained iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acid and MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8) as major isoprenoid quinones. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BR-34T formed a cluster separate from members of the genus Catenulispora and was related most closely to Catenulispora acidiphila ID139908T (97.4 % similarity), Catenulispora rubra Aac-30T (97.3 %), Catenulispora yoronensis TT N02-20T (97.3 %) and Catenulispora subtropica TT 99-48T (97 %). However, the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain BR-34T and C. acidiphila ID139908T was only 45.32 %. Based on DNA–DNA relatedness, morphological and phenotypic data, strain BR-34T could be distinguished from the type strains of phylogenetically related species. It is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Catenulispora , for which the name Catenulispora graminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BR-34T ( = KACC 15070T = NBRC 107755T).

scholarly journals Engineering isoprenoid quinone production in yeast

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divjot Kaur ◽  
Christophe Corre ◽  
Fabrizio Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Strain ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinone ◽  
New Host ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones

Isoprenoid quinones are bioactive molecules that include an isoprenoid chain and a quinone head. They are traditionally found to be involved in primary metabolism, where they act as electron transporters, but specialized isoprenoid quinones are also produced by all domains of life. Here, we report the engineering of a baker's yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae EPYFA3, for the production of isoprenoid quinones. Our yeast strain was developed through overexpression of the shikimate pathway in a well-established recipient strain (S. cerevisiae EPY300) where the mevalonate pathway is overexpressed. As a proof of concept, our new host strain was used to overproduce the endogenous isoprenoid quinone coenzyme Q6, resulting in a final four-fold production increase. EPYFA3 represents a valuable platform for the heterologous production of high value isoprenoid quinones. EPYFA3 will also facilitate the elucidation of isoprenoid quinone biosynthetic pathways.

Streptomyces chlorus sp. nov. and Streptomyces viridis sp. nov., isolated from soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1728-1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Yong Kim ◽  
Xiaoying Rong ◽  
Tiago D. Zucchi ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Michael Goodfellow
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Respective Type ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Light Green

Two actinomycete strains, BK125T and BK199T, isolated from a hay meadow soil sample were investigated to determine their taxonomic position using a polyphasic approach. The isolates produced greenish-yellow and light green aerial mycelium on oatmeal agar, respectively. They contained anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids, and MK-9 (H6) and MK-9 (H8) as the predominant isoprenoid quinones. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates formed distinct phyletic lines towards the periphery of the Streptomyces prasinus subclade. Analysis of DNA–DNA relatedness between the two isolates showed that they belonged to different genomic species. The organisms were also distinguished from one another and from type strains of species classified in the S. prasinus subclade using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic properties. On the basis of these data, it is proposed that the isolates be assigned to the genus Streptomyces as Streptomyces chlorus sp. nov. and Streptomyces viridis sp. nov. with isolates BK125T ( = KACC 20902T = CGMCC 4.5798T) and BK199T ( = KACC 21003T = CGMCC 4.6824T) as the respective type strains.

Herbiconiux moechotypicola sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from the gut of hairy long-horned toad beetles, Moechotypa diphysis (Pascoe)

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Chun Kim ◽  
Doo-Sang Park ◽  
Hyangmi Kim ◽  
Hyun-Woo Oh ◽  
Kang Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acids ◽  
The Family ◽  
Diamino Acid ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones

A novel Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain RB-62T, was isolated during a study of culturable bacteria from the gut of Moechotypa diphysis (Pascoe) and its taxonomic position was investigated. Strain RB-62T grew at 15–30 °C and pH 5.0–8.5. The isoprenoid quinones were menaquinones MK-11 (77.1 %), MK-10 (11.7 %) and MK-12 (11.2 %). The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 (34.6 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (29.8 %), iso-C16 : 0 (17.0 %) and cyclohexyl-C17 : 0 (11.4 %). The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was 2,4-diaminobutyric acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain RB-62T was 70.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain RB-62T was affiliated with the genus Herbiconiux cluster within the family Microbacteriaceae, and was related most closely to Herbiconiux ginsengi wged11T (98.08 % similarity). The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain RB-62T and H. ginsengi wged11T was 43.2 % (reciprocal 66.7 %). Phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics clearly distinguished strain RB-62T from recognized species of the genus Herbiconiux. Based on data from the present polyphasic study, strain RB-62T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Herbiconiux, for which the name Herbiconiux moechotypicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RB-62T ( = KCTC 19653T = JCM 16117T).

scholarly journals Chlorobium tepidum Mutant Lacking Bacteriochlorophyll c Made by Inactivation of the bchK Gene, Encoding Bacteriochlorophyll c Synthase

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (12) ◽  
pp. 3368-3376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels-Ulrik Frigaard ◽  
Ginny D. Voigt ◽  
Donald A. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Reaction Center ◽  
Chlorobium Tepidum ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Bacteriochlorophyll C ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Insertional Inactivation ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Green Sulfur ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones

ABSTRACT The gene encoding bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c synthase was identified by insertional inactivation in the photosynthetic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum and was named bchK. The bchK mutant of C. tepidum was rusty-orange in color and completely lacked BChl c. Because of the absence of the BChl c antenna, the mutant grew about seven times slower than the wild type at light intensities that were limiting to the wild type (<90 μmol m−2 s−1). Various pheophorbides, which probably represent precursors of BChl c which had lost magnesium, accumulated in the mutant cells. A small fraction of these pheophorbides were apparently esterified by the remaining chlorophyll (Chl) a and BChl a synthases in cells. The amounts of BChl a, Chl a, isoprenoid quinones, carotenoids, Fenna-Matthews-Olson protein, and chlorosome envelope protein CsmA were not significantly altered on a cellular basis in the mutant compared to in the wild type. This suggests that the BChl a antennae, photosynthetic reaction centers, and remaining chlorosome components were essentially unaffected in the mutant. Electron microscopy of thin sections revealed that the mutant lacked normal chlorosomes. However, a fraction containing vestigial chlorosomes, denoted “carotenosomes,” was partly purified by density centrifugation; these structures contained carotenoids, isoprenoid quinones, and a 798-nm-absorbing BChl a species that is probably protein associated. Because of the absence of the strong BChl c absorption found in the wild type, the bchK mutant should prove valuable for future analyses of the photosynthetic reaction center and of the roles of BChl a in photosynthesis in green bacteria. An evolutionary implication of our findings is that the photosynthetic ancestor of green sulfur bacteria could have evolved without chlorosomes and BChl c and instead used only BChl a-containing proteins as the major light-harvesting antennae.

scholarly journals Amphibacillus sediminis sp. nov., an endospore-forming bacterium isolated from lake sediment in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2489-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Young An ◽  
Shu Ishikawa ◽  
Hiroaki Kasai ◽  
Keiichi Goto ◽  
Akira Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Diamino Acid ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones ◽  
Type Strains

A facultatively anaerobic, moderately alkaliphilic, Gram-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterial strain, Shu-P-Ggiii25-2T, was isolated from lake sediment in Shizuoka, Japan, and was characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the novel isolate clustered with the type strain of Amphibacillus xylanus and it exhibited sequence similarities of 94.9–95.6 % to the type strains of species of the genus Amphibacillus. Isoprenoid quinones and oxidase and catalase activities were not detected for strain Shu-P-Ggiii25-2T. The DNA G+C content was 42.3 mol%, the cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. On the basis of phylogenetic position and phenotypic properties, strain Shu-P-Ggiii25-2T represents a novel species of the genus Amphibacillus, for which the name Amphibacillus sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Shu-P-Ggiii25-2T (=MBIC08269T=IAM 15428T=KCTC 13120T). An emended description of the genus Amphibacillus is also given.

Ferrimonas pelagia sp. nov., isolated from seawater

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3175-3179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung June Yim ◽  
Myunglip Lee ◽  
Hae-Won Lee ◽  
Kil-Nam Kim ◽  
Hye-Mi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones

A Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain CBA4601T, was isolated from a seawater sample obtained off the coast of Jeju Island, Korea. The organism grew in the presence of 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl and at 20–35 °C and pH 7.0–9.0, with optimal growth in 2 % NaCl, and at 25 °C and pH 8.0. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CBA4601T was related to the genus Ferrimonas within the class Gammaproteobacteria . 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain CBA4601T and Ferrimonas marina A4D-4T, the most closely related species, was 96.9 %. The G+C content of the genomic DNA from strain CBA4601T was 54.2 mol%, and the isoprenoid quinones menaquinone 7 (MK-7), ubiquinone 7 (Q-7) and ubiquinone 8 (Q-8) were detected. The major fatty acids were C17 : 1ω8c, C18 : 1ω9c and C16 : 0, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified ninhydrin-positive phospholipid. On the basis of this taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach, strain CBA4601T represents a novel species of the genus Ferrimonas , for which the name Ferrimonas pelagia sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CBA4601T ( = KACC 16695T = KCTC 32029T = JCM 18401T).

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