scholarly journals Life‐threatening laryngeal injury in Elite Rugby Union: Prevention and management laryngeal trauma in rugby

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamidele Famokunwa ◽  
Simon Kemp ◽  
Julia Selby ◽  
Gitta Madani ◽  
Guri Sandhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rugby Union ◽  
Laryngeal Trauma ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Life Threatening

Clinical analysis of external laryngeal trauma

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Yen ◽  
H. Y. Lee ◽  
M. H. Tsai ◽  
S. T. Chan ◽  
T. S. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Laryngeal Trauma ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Voice

AbstractThirty patients with external laryngeal trauma were analysed retrospectively. Injuries were mostly caused by motor vehicle accidents (car = 36.7 percent; motorcycle = 23.3 per cent). The main presenting symptoms and signs were hoarseness, neck tenderness, dysphagia, and neck emphysema. Sites of laryngeal injury included arytenoid swelling, vocal fold injury, soft tissue contusion or superficial mucosal laceration, cricoarytenoid dislocation, thyroid fracture, epiglottic fracture and mixed injuries. Treatment was varied depending on the severity of the injuries. Sixteen cases were managed conservatively by medical treatment; two cases received intubation; four cases were treated initially by tracheostomy; eight cases received surgical repair and/or reconstruction; 11 cases made a full recovery of the voice and 18 cases fair voice recovery due to either sustained vocal fold swelling or limitation of vocal fold movement. One case was graded as poor. Twenty-eight cases had good airway patency and two cases fair airway patency. A delay in the early detection of laryngeal trauma may precipitate into life-threatening airway problems, therefore prompt and accurate diagnosis should be followed immediately by skilful airway management.

scholarly journals Laryngeal Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Gurbax Singh ◽  
Sumit Prinja ◽  
Suchina Parmar ◽  
Garima Bansal ◽  
Simmi Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
Laryngeal Trauma ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Specific Factors

Introduction Laryngeal trauma can be an immediately life-threatening entity.  Failure to recognize such injuries and delay in securing the airway may have fatal results. Early diagnosis and accurate evaluation with proper treatment is vital. Materials and Methods Fifteen patients with laryngotracheal injuries were analyzed prospectively. The outcome was assessed both in terms of voice and airway, on short term and long term basis. Result Commonest cause of injury was suicidal followed by road traffic accidents and strangulation. The main presenting symptoms and signs were stridor, hoarseness, haemoptysis and odynophagia. Five patients suffered penetrating trauma and ten patient sustained blunt trauma. Sites of laryngeal injury included; hyoid bone fracture, mixed soft tissue and cartilaginous injuries, thyrohyoid membrane and cricothyroid membrane injuries. Eleven patients presented within 24 hours of the injury. Outcome (airway and voice) was good in ten patients whereas it was poor in three patients. Poor results were seen in patients who had delayed surgical intervention. Conclusion Early surgical intervention is recommended for   traumatic laryngeal injuries to ensure a good outcome; which further depends upon patient’s condition, injury and treatment-specific factors.

scholarly journals Life Threatening Laryngeal Injury in Elite Rugby Union: Prevention and management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamidele Famokunwa ◽  
Simon Kemp ◽  
Julia Selby ◽  
Gitta Madani ◽  
Guri Sandhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rugby Union ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Life Threatening

Acute Management of Laryngeal Trauma Update

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Schaefer ◽  
Lanny G. Close
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Laryngeal Trauma ◽  
Laryngeal Injury

The management of 120 laryngeal injury patients at a major trauma center over 23 years is presented in the form of two patient populations. The first population consists of 52 previously analyzed and reported laryngeal trauma patients who served as the basis for the subsequent refinement of treatment of a second population of 68 patients. Collectively, these patients form a series unique in that 1) it comprises the largest number of such injuries treated at one institution, 2) the management principles remained the same throughout the entire 23 years, and 3) the majority of the patients were managed by one physician. The experience gained from these patients is examined in the hope of resolving prevailing controversies about the treatment of the acutely injured larynx.

scholarly journals Risk factors of laryngeal injuries in extubated critical pediatric patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HebatAllah Fadel Algebaly ◽  
Mona Mohsen ◽  
Maggie Louis Naguib ◽  
Hafez Bazaraa ◽  
Noran Hazem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inborn Errors Of Metabolism ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Laryngeal Trauma ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Pediatric Icu ◽  
Duration Of Ventilation

Abstract Background The larynx in children is unique compared to adults. This makes the larynx more prone to trauma during intubation. Under sedation and frequent repositioning of the tube are recorded as risk factors for laryngeal injury. We examined the larynx of 40 critically ill children in the first 24 h after extubation to estimate the frequency and analyze the risk factors for laryngeal trauma using the classification system for acute laryngeal injury (CALI). Results The post-extubation stridor patients had a higher frequency of diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism, longer duration of ventilation, longer hospital stay, moderate to severe involvement of glottic and subglottic area, frequent intubation attempts, and more than 60 s to intubate Regression analysis of the risk factors of severity of the injury has shown that development of ventilator-associated pneumonia carried the highest risk (OR 32.111 95% CI 5.660 to 182.176), followed by time elapsed till intubation in seconds (OR 11.836, 95% CI 2.889 to 48.490), number of intubation attempts (OR 10.8, CI 2.433 to 47.847), and development of pneumothorax (OR 10.231, 95% CI 1.12 to 93.3). Conclusion The incidence of intubation-related laryngeal trauma in pediatric ICU is high and varies widely from mild, non-symptomatic to moderate, and severe and could be predicted by any of the following: prolonged days of ventilation, pneumothorax, multiple tube changes, or difficult intubation.

Blunt laryngeal trauma secondary to sporting injuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 728-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Mendis ◽  
J A Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Laryngeal Trauma ◽  
Airway Function ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Voice Outcome ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

AbstractBackground:Laryngeal injury after blunt trauma is uncommon, but can cause catastrophic airway obstruction and significant morbidity in voice and airway function. This paper aims to discuss a case series of sports-related blunt laryngeal trauma patients and describe the results of a thorough literature review.Method:Retrospective case-based analysis of laryngeal trauma referrals over six years to a tertiary laryngology centre.Results:Twenty-eight patients were identified; 13 (46 per cent) sustained sports-related trauma. Most were young males, presenting with dysphonia, some with airway compromise (62 per cent). Nine patients were diagnosed with a laryngeal fracture. Four patients were managed conservatively and nine underwent surgery. Post-treatment, the majority of patients achieved good voice outcomes (83 per cent) and all had normal airway function.Conclusion:Sports-related neck trauma can cause significant injury to the laryngeal framework and endolaryngeal soft tissues, and most cases require surgical intervention. Clinical presentation may be subtle; a systematic approach along with a high index of suspicion is essential, as early diagnosis and treatment have been reported to improve airway and voice outcome.

Severe laryngeal injury caused by blunt trauma to the neck: a case report

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 1174-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Goldenberg ◽  
A. Golz ◽  
R. Flax-Goldenberg ◽  
H. Z. Joachims
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractAcute blunt laryngeal trauma can be a life-threatening event and often poses a difficult airway management problem. Patients may be unable to supply important anemnestic facts because of aphonia or intubation as a result of their injury. Therefore the immediate recognition and appropriate initial assessment and treatment are vital for a successful outcome. The first step is assuring an appropriate airway, either by careful intubation or temporary tracheotomy. An assessment of potential vascular and oesophageal injuries must be undertaken. The use of computerized tomography (CT) with contrast material is especially useful in identifying and localizing fhe damage caused by blunt neck injuries. Laryngeal fractures, air in the soft tissues and the extravasation of contrast material in the neck are all helpful in assessing the injuries before surgical intervention. Immediate initial surgery is aimed at stabilizing the cartilaginous framework and repairing the mucosa. We present a case of severe laryngeal injury caused by blunt trauma to the neck; our evaluation, treatment and the outcome.

scholarly journals Role of Tracheostomy in Dealing with Penetrating Neck Trauma: A Double Edged Sword

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Rohit Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Airway Management ◽  
Neck Exploration ◽  
Neck Trauma ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Platysma Muscle ◽  
Laryngeal Injury ◽  
Penetrating Neck Trauma ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Lower Site

Background Penetrating neck trauma is an injury in which platysma muscle in neck is breached. It is a life threatening emergency and it requires urgent management by securing airway and neck exploration. Tracheostomy is one of the important procedures as it secures the airway though associated with complications and morbidity in the patients. Case Presentation We present 3 cases of penetrating neck trauma. Each patient is managed by different means of securing airway depending on the site of trauma and associated laryngeal injury. Conclusion Tracheostomy in penetrating neck trauma helps in securing the airway and paves way for safe neck exploration. Minor laryngeal injuries are managed conservatively in order to avoid complications associated with tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and other means of airway management in penetrating neck trauma depend mainly on individualised approach though tracheostomy at a lower site to that of wound should be preferred in major laryngeal injuries. Keywords: Penetrating Neck Trauma; Tracheostomy; Laryngeal Injuries; Airway Management.

Assembly of VP26 in herpes simplex virus-1 capsid implicated by 3-D structure of recombinant capsid

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 840-841
Author(s):  
Z. Hong Zhou ◽  
Jing He ◽  
Joanita Jakana ◽  
J. D. Tatman ◽  
Frazer J. Rixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Structure Study ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Shell Proteins ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous virus which is implicated in diseases ranging from self-curing cold sores to life-threatening infections. The 2500 Å diameter herpes virion is composed of a glycoprotein spike containing, lipid envelope, enclosing a protein layer (the tegument) in which is embedded the capsid (which contains the dsDNA genome). The B-, and A- and C-capsids, representing different morphogenetic stages in HSV-1 infected cells, are composed of 7, and 5 structural proteins respectively. The three capsid types are organized in similar T=16 icosahedral shells with 12 pentons, 150 hexons, and 320 connecting triplexes. Our previous 3D structure study at 26 Å revealed domain features of all these structural components and suggested probable locations for the outer shell proteins, VP5, VP26, VP19c and VP23. VP5 makes up most of both pentons and hexons. VP26 appeared to bind to the VP5 subunit in hexon but not to that in penton.

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