Effects of alternate wetting and drying irrigation management and air temperature during grainfill on rice grain physicochemical and functionality traits of US inbred varieties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming‐Hsuan Chen ◽  
Anna M. McClung ◽  
Jai S. Rohila ◽  
Jinyoung Y. Barnaby
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying

scholarly journals Determinants in the Adoption of Alternate Wetting and Drying Technique for Rice Production in a Gravity Surface Irrigation System in the Philippines

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Kristine Samoy-Pascual ◽  
Sudhir Yadav ◽  
Gio Evangelista ◽  
Mary Ann Burac ◽  
Marvelin Rafael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gravity Surface

Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) is a well-known low-cost water-saving and climate change adaptation and mitigation technique for irrigated rice. However, its adoption rate has been low despite the decade of dissemination in Asia, especially in the Philippines. Using cross-sectional farm-level survey data, this study empirically explored factors shaping AWD adoption in a gravity surface irrigation system. We used regression-based approaches to examine the factors influencing farmers’ adoption of AWD and its impact on yield. Results showed that the majority of the AWD adopters were farmers who practiced enforced rotational irrigation (RI) scheduling within their irrigators’ association (IA). With the current irrigation management system, the probability of AWD implementation increases when farmers do not interfere with the irrigation schedule (otherwise they opt to go with flooding). Interestingly, the awareness factor did not play a significant role in the farmers’ adoption due to the RI setup. However, the perception of water management as an effective weed control method was positively significant, suggesting that farmers are likely to adopt AWD if weeds are not a major issue in their field. Furthermore, the impact on grain yields did not differ with AWD. Thus, given the RI scheduling already in place within the IA, we recommend fine-tuning this setup following the recommended safe AWD at the IA scale.

scholarly journals Root Traits Enhancing Rice Grain Yield under Alternate Wetting and Drying Condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Sushil R. Subedi ◽  
Ram B. Yadaw ◽  
Bedanand Chaudhary ◽  
Hari Prasai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽  
Drying Condition

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation, Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Sources on the Growth, Yield and Soil Fertility Status With Rice-Rice Cropping

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
MA Khan ◽  
SA Shampa ◽  
PK Biswas ◽  
MB Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽  
Saturated Condition ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Boro Rice

Continuous cultivation of highly exhaustive cropping sequence in most of the irrigated fertile lands has resulted in the decline of soil physico-chemical condition in general and particularly soil organic matter (SOM) content. The experiment was laid out inasplit- plot design with irrigation (I1: traditional irrigation i.e. continuous flooding, I2: saturated condition, I3: Alternate wetting and drying) in main plots and fertilizers treatments: T0 = Control, T1 =100% (Recommended dose of chemical fertilizer), T2 =50% RDCF + 5 ton cowdung ha- 1, T3=70% RDCF + 3 ton cowdung ha-1, T4 =50% RDCF + 5 ton compost ha-1, T5 =70% RDCF + 3 ton compost ha-1, T6 = 50% RDCF + 3.5 ton poultry manure ha-1, T7 =70% RDCF + 2.1 ton poultry manure ha-1to the sub - plots. The rice yields were not significantly affected by different irrigation but higher grain yields were obtained in continuous flooded irrigation. The treatment T7 gave higher Boro and T. Aman rice yields. The higher Boro rice grain yields were obtained from I1T7 (70% RDCF + 2.1 ton poultry manure ha-1 with continuous flooded irrigation) followed by I3T7 (alternate wetting and drying + 70% RDCF + 2.1 ton poultry manure ha-1). The 100% RDCF was applied to T. Aman rice resulted residual effects of fertilizer and the higher T. Aman rice yields were recorded in I2T2 (saturated condition + 50% RDCF + 3 ton cowdungha-1) followed by I2T3 (saturated condition + 50% RDCF + 3 ton cowdungha-1) treatment combinations due to more residual effects of inorganic plus manure application during Boro rice cropping. The highest organic matter level was found in post-harvest soils where inorganic fertilizer plus cowdung were used and soil pH increased by using poultry manure. The higher levels of available P and K concentrations were observed in the post experiment soils where fertilizer and manure were applied. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 71-81

scholarly journals Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Grain as Influenced by Water Management: Human Health Risk Assessment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1741
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan Harine ◽  
Mohammad Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Hasina Afroz ◽  
Rounok Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽  
Drying Condition ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Rice is a staple food for humans and a key source of soil arsenic (As) transfer to the human food chain. As a result, it is critical to develop ways for reducing As accumulation in rice. A pot experiment with seven different water management practices was done to examine the impacts of water management on rice (cv. BRRI dhan28) growth, yield, and As accumulation in rice grain. Any health risk due to As accumulation in rice grain was also determined. The soil used in the experiment was artificially contaminated with As and the source of As was sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4 7H2O). Water management practices affect different plant growth and yield parameters including filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and straw yield of rice. The number of filled grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight were found to be at their highest in the T7 (alternate wetting and drying) condition, whereas the number of unfilled grains per panicle was at its lowest in the same treatment. The T7 also demonstrated the highest grain yield (21.08 g/pot) and straw yield (22.02 g/pot), whereas the lowest values were noted in T1 (flooding throughout the growth period). The highest As concentration in rice grain (0.52 mg kg−1) was found in T1 and the lowest As concentration in grain (0.27 mg kg−1) was found in T7. Estimation of the human health risk revealed that the non-carcinogenic risks (HQ > 1) and carcinogenic risks (CR > 1.0 × 10−4) were greatly affected by different water regimes. The rice plant grown under alternate wetting and drying condition (T7) showed the lowest health risks compared to other water management practices. Thus, alternate wetting and drying conditions are a good water management strategy for increasing rice output while reducing arsenic buildup in rice grain.

Alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice: first experimental activities in northern Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olfa Gharsallah ◽  
Marco Romani ◽  
Andrea Ricciardelli ◽  
Michele Rienzner ◽  
Alice Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Water Inflow ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Set Up

<p>Italy is Europe’s leading rice producer, with over half of the total production, almost totally concentrated in a large paddy rice area in the north-western part of the country, stretching across the border between the Lombardy and Piedmont regions in the Po river valley. In this area, rice irrigation has been traditionally carried out by wet seeding and continuous flooding. The introduction of alternative water-saving irrigation strategies could reduce water needs and environmental impacts; however, before extensively adopting them, their effects at both the field and irrigation district scales must be quantified.</p><p>In the context of the MEDWATERICE project (PRIMA-Section2-2018), in the agricultural season 2019 an experimental platform was set-up in a location within the paddy area (Pavia province), to compare different irrigation strategies: wet seeding and traditional flooding (WFL), dry seeding and delayed flooding (DFL), and a ‘safe' wet seeding and alternated wetting and drying (AWD). Six plots of about 20 m x 80 m each were set-up, with two replicates for each irrigation option. One out of the two replicates was instrumented with: water inflow and outflow meters, piezometers, tensiometers, and water tubes for the irrigation management in the AWD plots. A soil survey was conducted before the agricultural season (EMI sensor and physico-chemical analysis of soil samples). Periodic measurements of crop biometric parameters were conducted. Nutrients (N, P, K) and two widely used pesticides (Clomazone, MCPA) were measured in irrigation water (inflow and outflow), groundwater, and porous cups installed at two soil depths (20 and 70 cm, above and below the plough pan). Finally, rice grain yields and quality (As and Cd in the grain) were determined. The experimental activity in the platform was carried out for two years (2019 and 2020), and an upscaling of the results at the irrigation district scale is foreseen in the project.</p><p>Soil water balances at the field scale were computed through an approach integrating field measurements of irrigation flows and storages with hydrological modelling, to compare the three irrigation management strategies under similar soil conditions. Results for 2019 showed that DFL allowed a water saving of 10% compared to WFL, while a higher water saving (19%) was achieved with AWD, as expected. Rice grain yield was found to be comparable for all the investigated irrigation treatments. Also, the grain N content was not significantly affected by the water management strategy adopted: the highest values were obtained in WFL and AWD (1.4 N%), while the lowest in DFL (1.2 N%). Total As in grain was not significant for any of the irrigation strategies, but rice Cd level was statistically higher in AWD, although under the legal limits set in the EU even for baby food. As far as water quality is concerned, in surface water, soil solution and groundwater, concentrations for both herbicidesdid not reach significant values, even after treatments, except in limited cases that could depend on relevant concentrations already present in the irrigation inflow. Data for 2020 are under elaboration and first results will be illustrated during the conference.</p>

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