Rice grain protein composition influences head rice yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette L. Balindong ◽  
Rachelle M. Ward ◽  
Terry J. Rose ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Carolyn A. Raymond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield

Rice cultivar response to sublethal concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat late in the season

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Justin McCoy ◽  
Bobby Golden ◽  
Jason Bond ◽  
Darrin Dodds ◽  
Taghi Bararpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

Abstract Differential tolerance may be observed among rice cultivars with desiccant exposure events during rice reproduction and ripening. Five field studies were established at the Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS, to determine the effects of exposure to sublethal concentrations of common desiccants across multiple rice cultivars. Rice cultivars in the study were ‘CLXL745’, ‘XL753’, ‘CL163’, ‘Rex’, and ‘Jupiter’. Desiccant treatments included no desiccant, paraquat, or glyphosate and were applied at the 50% heading growth stage respective to cultivar. Differential injury estimates among cultivars and desiccant treatments was observed when glyphosate or paraquat was applied at 50% heading. Injury from glyphosate at 50% heading was nondetectable across all cultivars. However, injury following paraquat applications was >7% across all rating intervals and cultivars. Hybrid cultivars exhibited less injury with paraquat applications than the inbred cultivars in the study. Rice following exposure to glyphosate or paraquat at 50% heading growth stage produced rough rice grain yield decreases ranging from 0% to 20% and 9% to 21%, respectively. Rough rice grain yield decreases were observed across all cultivars following paraquat exposure, and all inbred cultivars following glyphosate exposure. Across desiccant treatment, head rice yield was reduced in three of five cultivars in the study. When pooled across cultivar, paraquat applications cause a head rice yield reduction of 10%, whereas rice yield following glyphosate application remained >95%. Although differential tolerance among cultivars to paraquat or glyphosate exposure was observed, impacts on grain quality coupled with yield reductions suggests extreme rice sensitivity to exposure to sublethal concentrations of these desiccants at the 50% heading growth stage.

Rice grain discoloration effect on physical properties and head rice yield in three rice cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mobasher Amini ◽  
M.R. Alizadeh ◽  
F. Padasht ◽  
S.A. Elahinia ◽  
S.A. Khodaparast
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield

Relating Rice Grain Quality to Conditions during Sun Drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyseth Meas ◽  
Anthony Henry John Paterson ◽  
Donald J. Cleland ◽  
John E. Bronlund ◽  
John Mawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Quality Metric ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
The Difference

AbstractRice grain conditions within the sun-drying bed predicted by a mathematical model during drying were used to relate drying parameters to the head rice yield (HRY) which is the key rice quality metric. A number of parameters were derived to characterise the mechanisms of grain fissures and breakage postulated in the literature, and the model was used to estimate these parameters. These parameters were then regressed against the HRY experimental data to determine the contributing mechanisms. An increase in bed temperature, the maximum temperature at the top of the bed, the size of the moisture content gradients within a rice grain and the difference from the critical point for drying were all found to negatively affect HRY. By stirring the bed regularly and covering and shading the bed during the hottest parts of the day, HRY can be significantly increased leading to better returns to the farmer.

Rice Response to Sub-Lethal Concentrations of Paraquat, Glyphosate, Saflufenacil, and Sodium Chlorate at Multiple Late-Season Application Timing as Influenced by Exposure

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Justin McCoy ◽  
Bobby Golden ◽  
Jason Bond ◽  
Darrin Dodds ◽  
Taghi Bararpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield

In Mississippi, rice reproduction and ripening often overlaps with soybean maturation creating potential for herbicide exposure from desiccants applied to soybeans onto rice. Six independent studies were conducted concurrently at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS from 2016 to 2018 to determine the response of rice to sub-lethal concentrations of soybean desiccants during rice reproductive and ripening growth stages. Studies included the desiccants paraquat, glyphosate, saflufenacil, sodium chlorate, paraquat+saflufenacil, and paraquat+sodium chlorate applied at a rate equal to 1/10 of Mississippi recommendations. Treatments were applied at five different rice growth stages beginning at 50% heading (defined as 0 d after heading (DAH)), with subsequent applications at one week intervals (0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 DAH) up to harvest. Injury was observed 7 days after application (DAA) with five of six desiccants at all application timings. No injury was observed with glyphosate application across all rating intervals. Rough rice grain yield following all glyphosate applications was reduced by >6%. In the studies evaluating paraquat injury ranged from 5 to 18% at all evaluations, regardless of application timing. Rough rice grain yield was reduced >12% 0 to 21 DAH, following paraquat application. Similar trends were observed with paraquat+saflufenacil and paraquat+sodium chlorate, with rice exhibiting yield decreases >6% following an application 0 to 14 and 0 to 21 DAH, respectively. In studies evaluating saflufenacil and sodium chlorate rough rice grain yield was >95% of the untreated across all application timings Yield component trends closely resembled reductions observed in rough rice grain yield. Reductions in head rice yield were >5% following applications of paraquat or paraquat+saflufenacil 0 to 14 and 0 to 21 DAH respectively. Late-season exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of desiccant from 50% heading (0 DAH) to 28 DAH has an impact on rough rice grain yield, yield components, and head rice yield.

scholarly journals Method of producing parboiled rice without steam by fluidized bed dryer

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Asadayuth Mitsiri ◽  
Somkiat Prachayawarakorn ◽  
Sakamon Devahastin ◽  
Wathanyoo Rordprapat ◽  
Somchart Soponronnarit
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Starch Gelatinization ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield

A more simple methodology of producing parboiled rice is subject to be investigated in this work with proposed the method, the gelatinization of rice starch, commonly taking place at the steaming step in the traditional process, and drying are combined and replaced by a hot air fluidized bed dryer. A pilot-scale continuous fluidized bed, with a maximum capacity of 140-150 kg/h, has been designed, constructed and tested. Suphanburi 90 paddy variety with high amylose content was dipped into hot water at temperatures of 70, 80, 83°C for 4.0, 3.3, 3.2 h, respectively, to get the moisture content around 47-55% db and dried at 150-170°C using air speed of 3.5 m/s. The paddy bed depth within the dryer was 3 and 5 cm. In the dryer operation, the exhaust air was fully recycled and reheated again by 30 kW electrical heaters to the desired temperature. The experimental result has shown that parboiled rice with a different degree of starch gelatinization could be produced by this technique. The degree ranged between 80-100% as examined by differential scanning calorimeter. The exit moisture content was given in a range of 14-21% db, relying on the drying temperature and soaking time. The aforementioned exit moisture contents were not a detrimental effect on head rice yield although the tempering was not included. The head rice yield was given in the range of 59-66%, depending on the degree of starch gelatinization. The starch granules lost their original shape as revealed by scanning electron microscope.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature and mode of drying on bioactive compounds and quality of germinated parboiled rice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Busarakorn Mahayothee ◽  
Supaporn Klaykruayat ◽  
Marcus Nagle ◽  
Joachim Müller
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Head Rice Yield

Germinated parboiled rice (GPR) is recognized as a functional food because it is rich in bioactive compounds, especially gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GPR was produced by soaking, incubating, steaming, and then drying using a high-precision hot air dryer. The results indicated that air flow mode and drying temperature had significant effects on the quality of GPR. Drying at higher temperatures and shorter times conserved GABA content. Using through-flow mode decreased drying time and prevented color change. However, a slightly lower percentage of head rice yield was observed. Moreover, using through-flow mode negatively affected the hardness loss after cooking.Keywords: Germinated parboiled rice; Drying mode; Gamma-aminobutyric acid; Head rice yield  

X-Ray Detection of Fissures in Rough Rice Kernels

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zephania R. Odek ◽  
Bhagwati Prakash ◽  
Terry J. Siebenmorgen
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Drying

Abstract. X-ray imaging is a viable method of fissure detection in rough rice kernels owing to the ability of X-rays to penetrate hulls, thus allowing visualization of internal rice kernel structure. Traditional methods of fissure detection are only applicable for brown and milled rice, and therefore cannot be used to study fissures developed during rough rice drying. In this study, the fissure detection capability of an X-ray system was evaluated and the relationship between head rice yield (HRY), as measured through laboratory milling, and the percentage of fissured rough rice kernels was determined. Long-grain rice lots of various cultivars were dried using heated air at 60°C, 10% relative humidity (RH) for five drying durations to produce different degrees of fissuring, and then milled to determine HRY. A strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.95) between HRY and the percentage of fissured rough rice kernels after drying was determined. This correlation confirms the substantial impact that kernel fissures have on milling yields. Overall, these findings show the effectiveness of X-ray imaging in rough rice fissure detection, which could allow for drying research that may provide a better understanding of kernel fissuring kinetics. Keywords: Fissures, Grainscope, Head rice yield, Rice drying, X-ray imaging.

Factors affecting head rice yield and chalkiness in indica rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Zhou ◽  
Shanshan Liang ◽  
Kimberley Ponce ◽  
Severino Marundon ◽  
Guoyou Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield

Effect of Storage Moisture Content on Milling Characteristics of Rough Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019
Author(s):  
Bhagwati Prakash ◽  
Terry J. Siebenmorgen ◽  
Kristen E. Gibson ◽  
Shweta Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Surface Lipid ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Head Rice Yield ◽  
Milling Characteristics ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. Rough rice in the Mid-South U.S. is typically stored and milled at a moisture content (MC) between 12% and 13% on a wet basis. Drying harvested rice to lesser MCs requires increasingly greater energy and reduces the overall mass of rice, both of which translate into lesser financial return for the crop. Considering these disadvantages of drying and storing rice at lesser MCs, farmers and grain handlers have been interested in exploring storing rice at slightly greater MCs. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of storing rice at five MCs (11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, and 15%) on milling characteristics, particularly surface lipid content (SLC), milled rice yield (MRY), and head rice yield (HRY); additionally, the effects of storing rice at two storage temperatures (25°C and 35°C) and several storage durations (up to one year) on milling characteristics were investigated. Five long-grain rice lots were harvested in 2016 and 2017 from several locations in Arkansas; rice from each lot was gently dried to the target MCs and then stored in sealed glass jars at selected temperatures. With an increase in storage MC, shorter milling durations were needed to achieve a given SLC, which could potentially reduce the cost of the milling operation. However, rice samples stored at greater MCs were observed to have lesser HRYs, which could reduce the economic value of rice. The mean HRYs of the 15% MC samples were 4.8 to 9.1 percentage points less than the mean HRYs of the 12% MC samples. This study quantifies the milling characteristics of rice when stored for various durations at different MCs and temperatures. Overall, these data will allow the rice industry to make informed decisions related to storage conditions of rice, specifically storage MC. Keywords: Head rice yield, Milling, Moisture content, Rice, Storage.

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