How does micronutrient supplementation affect maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with HIV infection?

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Micronutrient Supplementation ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Maternal And Infant Outcomes

Maternal and Infant Outcomes With Concurrent Treatment of Tuberculosis and HIV Infection in Pregnant Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. e63-e66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L Toro ◽  
Karen L Schneider ◽  
Rosalind J Carter ◽  
Elaine J Abrams ◽  
Wafaa M El-Sadr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concurrent Treatment ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Maternal And Infant Outcomes

Subclinical tuberculosis and adverse infant outcomes in pregnant women with HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Rickman ◽  
S. Cohn ◽  
S. G. Lala ◽  
Z. Waja ◽  
N. Salazar-Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maternal And Infant Outcomes

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) in pregnant women with HIV is associated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Previous studies have described a substantial prevalence of subclinical TB in this group, but little is known about the impact of subclinical TB on maternal and pediatric outcomes.METHODS: The Tshepiso Study recruited 235 HIV-infected pregnant women with TB (and matched HIV-positive, TB-negative pregnant controls), in Soweto, South Africa, from 2011 to 2014. During enrolment screening, some women initially recruited as controls were subsequently diagnosed with prevalent TB. We therefore assessed the prevalence of subclinical TB, associated participant characteristics and outcomes.RESULTS: Of 162 women initially recruited as TB-negative controls, seven (4.3%) were found to have TB on sputum culture. All seven had negative WHO symptom screens, and six (86%) were smear-negative. Of their seven infants, one was diagnosed with TB, and three (43%) experienced complications compared to zero infants with TB and 11% experiencing complications in the control group of TB-negative mothers (P = 0.045).CONCLUSION: We discovered an appreciable prevalence of subclinical TB in HIV-infected pregnant women in Soweto, which had not been detected by screening algorithms based solely on symptoms. Infants of HIV-infected mothers with subclinical TB appear to have a higher risk of adverse outcomes than those of TB-negative mothers.

scholarly journals Identifying fear of childbirth in a UK population: qualitative examination of the clarity and acceptability of existing measurement tools in a small UK sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Slade ◽  
K. Balling ◽  
K. Sheen ◽  
G. Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Cognitive Interview ◽  
Fear Of Childbirth ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Specific Fear ◽  
Maternal And Infant Outcomes

Abstract Background Fear of childbirth is related to but not synonymous with general anxiety, and represents a superior predictor for maternal and infant outcomes. There is a need to improve the identification and provision of support for women experiencing high fear of childbirth. However it is uncertain as to whether existing measurement tools have appropriate content validity (i.e. cover the relevant domains within the construct), practical utility, and whether they are acceptable for use with a UK population. This study aimed to (1) identify the utility and acceptability of existing measures of fear of childbirth (FOC) with a small UK sample and (2) map the content of existing measures to the key concepts of fear of childbirth established by previous research. Methods Ten pregnant women; five with high and five with low fear of childbirth participated in a cognitive interview covering four most commonly used measures of fear of childbirth: 1. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (WDEQ A), 2. The Oxford Worries about Labour Scale (OWLS), 3. The Slade-Pais Expectations of Childbirth Scale – fear subscale (SPECS) and 4. The Fear of Birth scale (FOBS). Each measure was also reviewed by participants for ease and clarity of understanding and acceptability. The measures were then reviewed against the key domains identified in the fear of childbirth literature to ascertain the adequacy of content validity of each measure. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis for each scale item. Results All measures except the FOBS, included items that either women did not understand or, if where there was understanding the meanings were inconsistent across women. All measures demonstrated limited acceptability and content validity for the specific construct of FOC. Therefore, none of the measurement tools currently used within the UK met criteria for understanding, acceptability and content validity for measurement of FOC. Conclusions Findings emphasise a need to develop a specific fear of childbirth tool with good clarity which demonstrates appropriate content validity, and that is acceptable in presentation and length for pregnant women in a UK population.

Effect of antiretroviral therapy on hemostasis in Brazilian pregnant women with HIV infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Marques de Andrade ◽  
Geraldo Duarte ◽  
Silvana Maria Quintana ◽  
Marlise Bonetti Agostinho Montes ◽  
Maria Regina Torqueti Toloi
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Women With Hiv
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