How does morning administration of statin compare with evening administration for people with hyperlipidemia?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Burch ◽  
Sera Tort
Keyword(s):  
Morning Administration ◽  
Evening Administration

scholarly journals Structural changes in rat colon under obesity conditions and its correction by morning and evening injection of melatonin

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
I. Vareniuk ◽  
N. Shevchuk ◽  
N. Roslova ◽  
M. Dzerzhynsky
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Morning Administration ◽  
Evening Administration

The effect of morning and evening administrations of melatonin on structural and functional changes in the large intestine of rats with obesity under conditions of the spring-autumn photoperiod (12L:12D) was studied in this work. The obesity was caused with a high-calorie diet for 6 weeks. After that, the morning or evening melatonin administrations were given to normal and obese animals at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 7 weeks. After 13 weeks, two specimens of the colon 1 cm each were taken at a distance of 3 cm from the anus; fixed in 10% formalin and in Carnua solution; paraffin sections of the large intestine were made; stained them with hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue-carmine, or toluidine blue. Microscopic and morphometric analysis of these sections was performed. It has been shown, that obesity cause hyperactivation of the colonic mucosa, reduction of colonocytes, hypertrophy of goblet cells and overaccumulation of granules in mast cells. Morning administration of melatonin to obese animals normalizes the colonic mucosa, decreases the reduction of colonocytes, but causes the hypotrophy of goblet cells. Evening administration of melatonin significantly decreases the reduction of colonocytes, but does not eliminate other changes caused by obesity. The administration of melatonin (both morning and evening) to animals without obesity causes an activation of the mucosa, hypertrophy of goblet cells, reduction of colonocytes, and does not change the state of mast cells. Consequently, it cannot make a clear conclusion about the possibility of correction of all structural-functional changes in the large intestine during obesity by melatonin. Although, the morning administration of melatonin had some normalizing effects on the colon and it was more effective than evening administration.

scholarly journals Bromocriptine and insulin sensitivity in lean and obese subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bahler ◽  
H J Verberne ◽  
E Brakema ◽  
R Tepaske ◽  
J Booij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Lowering Drug ◽  
Morning Administration ◽  
Evening Administration

Bromocriptine is a glucose-lowering drug, which was shown to be effective in obese subjects with insulin resistance. It is usually administered in the morning. The exact working mechanism of bromocriptine still has to be elucidated. Therefore, in this open-label randomized prospective cross-over mechanistic study, we assessed whether the timing of bromocriptine administration (morning vs evening) results in different effects and whether these effects differ between lean and obese subjects. We studied the effect of bromocriptine on insulin sensitivity in 8 lean and 8 overweight subjects using an oral glucose tolerance test. The subjects used bromocriptine in randomized cross-over order for 2 weeks in the morning and 2 weeks in the evening. We found that in lean subjects, bromocriptine administration in the evening resulted in a significantly higher post-prandial insulin sensitivity as compared with the pre-exposure visit (glucose area under the curve (AUC) 742 mmol/L * 120 min (695–818) vs 641 (504–750), P = 0.036, AUC for insulin did not change, P = 0.575). In obese subjects, both morning and evening administration of bromocriptine resulted in a significantly higher insulin sensitivity: morning administration in obese: insulin AUC (55,900 mmol/L * 120 min (43,236–96,831) vs 36,448 (25,213–57,711), P = 0.012) and glucose AUC P = 0.069; evening administration in obese: glucose AUC (735 mmol/L * 120 min (614–988) vs 644 (568–829), P = 0.017) and insulin AUC, P = 0.208. In conclusion, bromocriptine increases insulin sensitivity in both lean and obese subjects. In lean subjects, this effect only occurred when bromocriptine was administrated in the evening, whereas in the obese, insulin sensitivity increased independent of the timing of bromocriptine administration.

scholarly journals Influence of morning and evening melatonin administration on the mucosa and crypts of a small intestine in rats with obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
I. Vareniuk ◽  
N. Shevchuk ◽  
N. Roslova ◽  
M. Dzerzhynsky
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Mucosal Edema ◽  
Morning Administration ◽  
Evening Administration ◽  
High Calorie

The aim of this work was to determine structural and functional changes in a small intestine of rats after morning and evening administration of melatonin in obese animals during the spring-autumn photoperiod (12L:12D). The obesity was caused with a high-calorie diet for 6 weeks. After that, morning or evening melatonin administrations were given to normal and obese animals at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 7 weeks. After that, paraffin sections of the small intestine were made, on which a state of the mucosa, enterocytes and goblet cells in crypts was morphometrically and visually examined under a microscope. It has been shown, that obesity causes swelling and an increase of thickness of a mucosa, reduction of crypts, a decrease of activity of enterocytes and goblet cells of the small intestine. Introduction of melatonin to animals without obesity causes an increase in thickness of mucosa and a decrease in area of goblet cells. Additionally, after morning melatonin administration a depth of crypts and a height of enterocytes increases. Morning administration of melatonin to obese animals partially recovers crypts and their goblet cells, but doesn't prevent mucosal edema and worsens a state of enterocytes. The evening administration of melatonin partially normalizes all structural changes, caused by obesity. It was concluded, that melatonin may partially correct morpho-functional changes in the small intestine, caused by obesity in the spring and autumn seasons. The evening administration of melatonin to animals with obesity is more effective, than morning administrations. Also, the evening administration of melatonin causes fewer changes in the small intestine of animals without obesity, compared with morning administration.

Efficacy and Safety of Fluvastatin-Extended Release in Hypercholesterolemic Patients: Morning Administration Is Equivalent to Evening Administration

Cardiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Scharnagl ◽  
Monika Vogel ◽  
Claudia Abletshauser ◽  
Franz Freisinger ◽  
Tatjana Stojakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Morning Administration ◽  
Evening Administration

Levonorgestrel Inhibits Embryo Attachment by Eliminating Uterine Induction of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsunori Matsuo ◽  
Yasushi Hirota ◽  
Yamato Fukui ◽  
Hidetoshi Fujita ◽  
Tomoko Saito-Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Attachment Sites ◽  
Attachment Inhibition ◽  
Evening Administration ◽  
Embryo Attachment

Abstract Progestogens including progesterone (P4) and levonorgestrel (LNG) are clinically used for multiple purposes such as contraception and infertility treatment. The effects of progestogens on the uterus remains to be elucidated. Here we examine the effect of excessive progestogen administration on embryo implantation focusing on the function of uterine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a cytokine that is induced by estrogen and essential for embryo attachment. Treatment of wild-type (WT) female mice with vehicle (control), LNG at the dose of 300 μg/kg/day and P4 at the dose of 10 mg/day from day 1 to day 4 of pregnancy was conducted. LNG-treated and P4-treated mice showed embryo attachment failure on day 5 of pregnancy (The rate of mice with embryo attachment sites [%MAS], 11% and 13%, respectively), while all the control mice had normal attachment sites. Uterine LIF expression was significantly reduced in LNG-treated and P4-treated mice on day 4 evening. Administration of recombinant LIF (rLIF) at the dose of 24 μg/day on day 4 significantly rescued embryo attachment failure in LNG-treated and P4-treated mice (%MAS, 80% and 75%, respectively). Estradiol (E2) administration also rescued embryo attachment failure in LNG-treated mice (%MAS, 83%). Furthermore, excess P4 treatment before implantation decreased decidual P4 receptor (PGR) expression and induced decidualization defect apart from LIF downregulation. These findings indicate that progestogens cause embryo attachment inhibition through downregulation of uterine LIF expression and compromised decidualization through downregulation of PGR independently of LIF reduction. This study may contribute to a better understanding of contraceptive action of progestogens.

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