Moral disengagement and callous-unemotional traits: A longitudinal study of Italian adolescents with a disruptive behaviour disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Muratori ◽  
Marinella Paciello ◽  
Carlo Buonanno ◽  
Annarita Milone ◽  
Laura Ruglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour Disorder ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Italian Adolescents

scholarly journals Adolescent callous–unemotional traits and conduct disorder in adoptees exposed to severe early deprivation

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kumsta ◽  
Edmund Sonuga-Barke ◽  
Michael Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

BackgroundThere is a debate over whether disruptive behaviour should be regarded as a central component of, or rather as an epiphenomenon with little diagnostic value for, psychopathy.AimsTo test whether callous–unemotional traits and conduct disorder can be dissociated in the English and Romanian Adoptee Study, a prospective longitudinal study of adopted individuals with a history of severe early institutional deprivation.MethodThe Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment was used to establish DSM-IV diagnoses for conduct disorder (and also oppositional defiant disorder) at the 15-year follow-up stage. The Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits questionnaire was administered to assess psychopathy traits.ResultsThere was no significant association between callous–unemotional traits and conduct disorder, both according to parent and youth self-report assessed categorically and dimensionally after controlling for confounds.ConclusionsThe majority of individuals with high callous–unemotional traits did not show conduct disorder in this special sample of children. This supports the view that, while common, an overlap between these aspects of psychopathology is not inevitable and so provides evidence for the dissociation of these two concepts. In terms of classification, we argue for a diagnostic scheme where psychopathy can be diagnosed independently of conduct disorder.

scholarly journals Selective drop-out in longitudinal studies and non-biased prediction of behaviour disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Wolke ◽  
Andrea Waylen ◽  
Muthanna Samara ◽  
Colin Steer ◽  
Robert Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour Disorders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

BackgroundParticipant drop-out occurs in all longitudinal studies, and if systematic, may lead to selection biases and erroneous conclusions being drawn from a study.AimsWe investigated whether drop out in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents And Children (ALSPAC) was systematic or random, and if systematic, whether it had an impact on the prediction of disruptive behaviour disorders.MethodTeacher reports of disruptive behaviour among currently participating, previously participating and never participating children aged 8 years in the ALSPAC longitudinal study were collected. Data on family factors were obtained in pregnancy. Simulations were conducted to explain the impact of selective drop-out on the strength of prediction.ResultsDrop out from the ALSPAC cohort was systematic and children who dropped out were more likely to suffer from disruptive behaviour disorder. Systematic participant drop-out according to the family variables, however, did not alter the association between family factors obtained in pregnancy and disruptive behaviour disorder at 8 years of age.ConclusionsCohort studies are prone to selective drop-out and are likely to underestimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorder. This empirical study and the simulations confirm that the validity of regression models is only marginally affected despite range restrictions after selective drop-out.

Psychopathic Traits and Moral Disengagement Interact to Predict Bullying and Cyberbullying Among Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2313-2332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izaskun Orue ◽  
Esther Calvete
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Moral Growth ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Low Levels

The aim of this study was to test a model in which psychopathic traits (callous-unemotional, grandiose-manipulative, and impulsive-irresponsible) and moral disengagement individually and interactively predict two types of bullying (traditional and cyberbullying) in a community sample of adolescents. A total of 765 adolescents (464 girls and 301 boys) completed measures of moral disengagement and psychopathic traits at Time 1, and measures of bullying and cyberbullying at Time 1 and 1 year later, at Time 2. The results showed that callous-unemotional traits predicted both traditional bullying and cyberbullying, grandiose-manipulative and impulsive-irresponsible traits only predicted traditional bullying, and moral disengagement only predicted cyberbullying. Callous-Unemotional Traits × Moral Disengagement and Grandiose-Manipulative × Moral Disengagement were significantly correlated with the residual change in cyberbullying. Callous-unemotional traits were positively related to cyberbullying at high levels of moral disengagement but not when moral disengagement was low. In contrast, grandiose-manipulative traits were positively related to cyberbullying at low levels of moral disengagement but not when moral disengagement was high. These findings have implications for both prevention and intervention. Integrative approaches that promote moral growth are needed, including a deeper understanding of why bullying is morally wrong and ways to stimulate personality traits that counteract psychopathic traits.

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