Genome‐wide identification, phylogenetic classification, and exon–intron structure characterization of the tubulin and actin genes in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1010-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Pydiura ◽  
Yaroslav Pirko ◽  
Dmitry Galinousky ◽  
Anastasiia Postovoitova ◽  
Alla Yemets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Phylogenetic Classification ◽  
Actin Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Intron Structure

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of the ALOG gene family in Petunia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Lan Wu ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Baojun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Domain Of Unknown Function ◽  
Intron Structure ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background The ALOG (Arabidopsis LSH1 and Oryza G1) family of proteins, namely DUF640 (domain of unknown function 640) domain proteins, were found in land plants. Functional characterization of a few ALOG members in model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice suggested they play important regulatory roles in plant development. The information about its evolution, however, is largely limited, and there was no any report on the ALOG genes in Petunia, an important ornamental species. Results The ALOG genes were identified in four species of Petunia including P. axillaris, P. inflata, P. integrifolia, and P. exserta based on the genome and/or transcriptome databases, which were further confirmed by cloning from P. hybrida ‘W115’ (Mitchel diploid), a popular laboratorial petunia line susceptible to genetic transformation. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Petunia ALOG genes (named as LSHs according to their closest Arabidopsis homologs) were grouped into four clades, which can be further divided into eight groups, and similar exon-intron structure and motifs are reflected in the same group. The PhLSH genes of hybrid petunia ‘W115’ were mainly derived from P. axillaris. The qPCR analysis revealed distinct spatial expression patterns among them suggesting potentially functional diversification. Moreover, over-expressing PhLSH7a and PhLSH7b in Arabidopsis uncovered their functions in the development of both vegetative and reproductive organs. Conclusions Petunia genome includes 11 ALOG genes that can be divided into eight distinct groups, and they also show different expression patterns. Among these genes, PhLSH7b and PhLSH7a play significant roles in plant growth and development, especially in fruit development. Our results provide new insight into the evolution of ALOG gene family and have laid a good foundation for the study of petunia LSH gene in the future.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of microRNA genes and their targets in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

Planta ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 237 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitthal T. Barvkar ◽  
Varsha C. Pardeshi ◽  
Sandip M. Kale ◽  
Shuqing Qiu ◽  
Meaghen Rollins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Microrna Genes ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Genome-wide Identification of ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter and Heavy Metal Associated (HMA) Gene Families in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Khan ◽  
Frank You ◽  
Raju Datla ◽  
Sridhar Ravichandhran ◽  
Bosen Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Segmental Duplications ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Flax Genome

Abstract Background Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a self-pollinated crop and diversified into two morphotypes for its stem fibre and seed oil. The availability of the flax reference genome sequence, previously assembled into 15 pseudomolecules, enables the characterization of important gene families. The ABC transporter and HMA gene families are considered important gene families in the control of cadmium (Cd) accumulation in crops. To date, the genome-wide analysis of these two gene families has been successfully conducted in several plant species but no systematic study is available for the flax genome. Results Here we described both gene families in flax to provide a comprehensive overview of its evolution and some support towards the functional annotation of its members. The 198 ABC transporter and 12 HMA genes identified in the flax genome were classified into eight ABC transporter and four HMA subfamilies based on their phylogenetic analysis and domain compositions. Nine of these genes, i.e., LuABCC9, LuABCC10, LuABCG58, LuABCG59, LuABCG71, LuABCG72, LuABCG73, LuHMA3, and LuHMA4, were orthologous with the Cd associated genes in Arabidopsis, rice and maize. Ten motifs were identified from all ABC transporter and HMA genes and several motifs were conserved for all genes with similar gene length, but different subfamilies had their different motif structures. Both the ABC transporter and HMA families were highly conserved among subfamilies of flax and with Arabidopsis. While four types of gene duplication were observed at different frequencies, whole-genome or segmental duplications were the most frequent with 162 genes, followed by 29 dispersed, 14 tandem and 4 proximal, suggesting that segmental duplications contributed substantially to the expansion of both gene families in flax. The rates of non-synonymous to synonymous (Ka/Ks) mutations of paired duplicated genes were mostly less than one, indicative of a predominant purifying selection. Only five pairs of genes clearly exhibited positive selection with a Ka/Ks ratio greater than one. Gene ontology analyses suggested that most flax ABC transporter and HMA genes functioned in ATP binding, transporter, catalytic, ATPase activity, and metal ion binding. The RNA-Seq analysis of eight different organs demonstrated diverse expression profiling patterns of the genes and revealed their functional or subfunctional conservation and neo-functionalization. Conclusion Characterization of the ABC transporter and HMA genes will help in the functional analysis of candidate genes in flax and other crop species.

Characterization of microwave-sintered ceramic composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1136-1137
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
Y. Pan ◽  
T.T. Meek
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Sintered Ceramic

Industrial microwave heating technology has emerged as a new ceramic processing technique. The unique advantages of fast sintering, high density, and improved materials properties makes it superior in certain respects to other processing methods. This work presents the structure characterization of a microwave sintered ceramic matrix composite.Commercial α-alumina powder A-16 (Alcoa) is chosen as the matrix material, β-silicon carbide whiskers (Third Millennium Technologies, Inc.) are used as the reinforcing element. The green samples consisted of 90 vol% Al2O3 powder and 10 vol% ultrasonically-dispersed SiC whiskers. The powder mixture is blended together, and then uniaxially pressed into a cylindrical pellet under a pressure of 230 MPa, which yields a 52% green density. The sintering experiments are carried out using an industry microwave system (Gober, Model S6F) which generates microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz with a maximum output power of 6 kW. The composites are sintered at two different temperatures (1550°C and 1650°C) with various isothermal processing time intervals ranging from 10 to 20 min.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document