The Lipid A Structure from the Marine Sponge Symbiont Endozoicomonas sp. HEX 311

ChemBioChem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Mateusz Pallach ◽  
Flaviana Di Lorenzo ◽  
Katarzyna A. Duda ◽  
Gaël Le Pennec ◽  
Antonio Molinaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Lipid A Structure

Mass spectrometry analysis of intact Francisella bacteria identifies lipid A structure remodeling in response to acidic pH stress

Biochimie ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille B. Robert ◽  
Michael Thomson ◽  
Alain Vercellone ◽  
Francesca Gardner ◽  
Robert K. Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Ph Stress ◽  
Lipid A Structure

scholarly journals Characterization of htrB and msbB Mutants of the Light Organ Symbiont Vibrio fischeri

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn M. Adin ◽  
Nancy J. Phillips ◽  
Bradford W. Gibson ◽  
Michael A. Apicella ◽  
Edward G. Ruby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid A ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Euprymna Scolopes ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Lipid A Structure ◽  
Bacterial Lipid

ABSTRACT Bacterial lipid A is an important mediator of bacterium-host interactions, and secondary acylations added by HtrB and MsbB can be critical for colonization and virulence in pathogenic infections. In contrast, Vibrio fischeri lipid A stimulates normal developmental processes in this bacterium's mutualistic host, Euprymna scolopes, although the importance of lipid A structure in this symbiosis is unknown. To further examine V. fischeri lipid A and its symbiotic function, we identified two paralogs of htrB (designated htrB1 and htrB2) and an msbB gene in V. fischeri ES114 and demonstrated that these genes encode lipid A secondary acyltransferases. htrB2 and msbB are found on the Vibrio “housekeeping” chromosome 1 and are conserved in other Vibrio species. Mutations in htrB2 and msbB did not impair symbiotic colonization but resulted in phenotypic alterations in culture, including reduced motility and increased luminescence. These mutations also affected sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate, kanamycin, and polymyxin, consistent with changes in membrane permeability. Conversely, htrB1 is located on the smaller, more variable vibrio chromosome 2, and an htrB1 mutant was wild-type-like in culture but appeared attenuated in initiating the symbiosis and was outcompeted 2.7-fold during colonization when mixed with the parent. These data suggest that htrB2 and msbB play conserved general roles in vibrio biology, whereas htrB1 plays a more symbiosis-specific role in V. fischeri.

scholarly journals Hemin-Dependent Modulation of the Lipid A Structure of Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 4474-4485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montaser N. Al-Qutub ◽  
Pamela H. Braham ◽  
Lisa M. Karimi-Naser ◽  
Xinyan Liu ◽  
Caroline A. Genco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Structural Content ◽  
Lipid A Structure

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periopathogen strongly associated with the development of adult-type periodontitis. Both the virulence characteristics of periopathogens and host-related factors are believed to contribute to periodontitis. P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) displays a significant amount of lipid A structural heterogeneity, containing both penta- and tetra-acylated lipid A structures. However, little is known concerning how the lipid A structural content of P. gingivalis is regulated. Alterations in the lipid A content may facilitate the ability of P. gingivalis to modulate the innate host response to this bacterium. In this report, it is shown that the concentration of hemin in the growth medium significantly modulates the lipopolysaccharide lipid A structural content of P. gingivalis. Hemin is a key microenvironmental component of gingival cervicular fluid which is believed to vary depending upon the state of vascular ulceration. At low hemin concentrations, one major penta-acylated lipid A structure was found, whereas at high concentrations of hemin, multiple tetra- and penta-acylated lipid A structures were observed. Hemin concentrations, not iron acquisition, were responsible for the alterations in the lipid A structural content. The modifications of the lipid A structural content were independent of the LPS extraction procedure and occurred in a variety of laboratory strains as well as a freshly obtained clinical isolate. The known hemin binding proteins Kgp and HmuR contributed to the lipid A modulation sensing mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that hemin, a clinically relevant microenvironmental component for P. gingivalis, can modulate the lipid A structure found in a bacterium. Since tetra- and penta-acylated P. gingivalis lipid A structures have opposing effects on Toll-like receptor 4 activation, the alteration of the lipid A structural content may have significant effects on the host response to this bacterium.

scholarly journals A Toll-like receptor identified in Gigantidas platifrons and its potential role in the immune recognition of endosymbiotic methane oxidation bacteria

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11282
Author(s):  
Mengna Li ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Minxiao Wang ◽  
Zhaoshan Zhong ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Cold Seeps ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Recognition Mechanism ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis ◽  
Resonance Analysis ◽  
Methane Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Chemosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Lipid A Structure

Symbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria is an important ecological strategy for the deep-sea megafaunas including mollusks, tubeworms and crustacean to obtain nutrients in hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. How the megafaunas recognize symbionts and establish the symbiosis has attracted much attention. Bathymodiolinae mussels are endemic species in both hydrothermal vents and cold seeps while the immune recognition mechanism underlying the symbiosis is not well understood due to the nonculturable symbionts. In previous study, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pull-down assay was conducted in Gigantidas platifrons to screen the pattern recognition receptors potentially involved in the recognition of symbiotic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB). Consequently, a total of 208 proteins including GpTLR13 were identified. Here the molecular structure, expression pattern and immune function of GpTLR13 were further analyzed. It was found that GpTLR13 could bind intensively with the lipid A structure of LPS through surface plasmon resonance analysis. The expression alternations of GpTLR13 transcripts during a 28-day of symbiont-depletion assay were investigated by real-time qPCR. As a result, a robust decrease of GpTLR13 transcripts was observed accompanying with the loss of symbionts, implying its participation in symbiosis. In addition, GpTLR13 transcripts were found expressed exclusively in the bacteriocytes of gills of G. platifrons by in situ hybridization. It was therefore speculated that GpTLR13 may be involved in the immune recognition of symbiotic methane-oxidizing bacteria by specifically recognizing the lipid A structure of LPS. However, the interaction between GpTLR13 and symbiotic MOB was failed to be addressed due to the nonculturable symbionts. Nevertheless, the present result has provided with a promising candidate as well as a new approach for the identification of symbiont-related genes in Bathymodiolinae mussels.

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