Synthetic MUC1 Antitumor Vaccine with Incorporated 2,3-Sialyl-T Carbohydrate Antigen Inducing Strong Immune Responses with Isotype Specificity

ChemBioChem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1142-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Straßburger ◽  
Markus Glaffig ◽  
Natascha Stergiou ◽  
Sabrina Bialas ◽  
Pol Besenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Antitumor Vaccine

Synthesis and immunological evaluation of N-acyl modified Globo H derivatives as anticancer vaccine candidates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canjia Zhai ◽  
Xiu-Jing Zheng ◽  
Cheng-Cheng Song ◽  
Xin-Shan Ye
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Antitumor Vaccine ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapies ◽  
Anticancer Vaccine ◽  
Immunological Evaluation

Globo H is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA), which serves as a valuable target for antitumor vaccine or cancer immunotherapies. However, most TACAs are T-cell-independent and they cannot induce powerful...

scholarly journals Abnormal antibodies to self-carbohydrates in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy L. Butler ◽  
Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Sialyl Lewis X ◽  
Sialyl Lewis ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Blood Group H ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is a deadly virus that is causing the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our immune system plays a critical role in preventing, clearing, and treating the virus, but aberrant immune responses can contribute to deleterious symptoms and mortality. Many aspects of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are being investigated, but little is known about immune responses to carbohydrates. Since the surface of the virus is heavily glycosylated, pre-existing antibodies to glycans could potentially recognize the virus and influence disease progression. Furthermore, antibody responses to carbohydrates could be induced, affecting disease severity and clinical outcome. In this study, we used a carbohydrate antigen microarray with over 800 individual components to profile serum anti-glycan antibodies in COVID-19 patients and healthy control subjects. In COVID-19 patients, we observed abnormally high IgG and IgM antibodies to numerous self-glycans, including gangliosides, N-linked glycans, LacNAc-containing glycans, blood group H, and sialyl Lewis X. Some of these anti-glycan antibodies are known to play roles in autoimmune diseases and neurological disorders, which may help explain some of the unusual and prolonged symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients. The detection of antibodies to self-glycans has important implications for using convalescent serum to treat patients, developing safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and understanding the risks of infection. In addition, this study provides new insight into the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and illustrates the importance of including host and viral carbohydrate antigens when studying immune responses to viruses.

scholarly journals A Stable Nano-Vaccine for the Targeted Delivery of Tumor-Associated Glycopeptide Antigens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Trabbic ◽  
Kristopher A. Kleski ◽  
Joseph J Barchi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
De Novo ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Repeat Sequence ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Antigen Delivery

AbstractWe have developed a novel antigen delivery system based on polysaccharide-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) targeted to antigen presenting cells (APCs) expressing Dectin-1. AuNPs were synthesized de-novo using yeast-derived β-1,3-glucans (B13Gs) as the reductant and passivating agent in a microwave-catalyzed procedure yielding highly uniform and serum-stable particles. These were further functionalized with both peptides and glycopeptides from the tandem repeat sequence of mucin 4 (MUC4), a glycoprotein overexpressed in pancreatic tumors. The glycosylated sequence contained the Thomsen-Friedenreich disaccharide, a pan-carcinoma, Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigen (TACA), which has been a traditional target for antitumor vaccine design. These motifs were prepared with a cathepsin B protease cleavage site (Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly), loaded on the B13Gs-coated particles and these constructs were examined for Dectin-1 binding, APC processing and presentation in a model in vitro system and for immune responses in mice. We showed that these particles elicit strong in vivo immune responses through the production of both high-titer antibodies and priming of antigen-recognizing T-cells. Further examination showed that a favorable antitumor balance of expressed cytokines was generated, with limited expression of immunosuppressive Il-10. This system is modular in that any range of antigens can be conjugated to our particles and efficiently delivered to APCs expressing Dectin-1.

Immunobiology of the Classical Lancefield Group A Streptococcal Carbohydrate Antigen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina J. Gao ◽  
Ervin Rodas Lima ◽  
Victor Nizet
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Immunodominant Antigen ◽  
Group A ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a preeminent human bacterial pathogen causing hundreds of millions of infections each year worldwide. In the clinical setting, the bacterium is easily identified by a rapid antigen test against the group A carbohydrate (GAC), a polysaccharide that comprises 30-50% of the GAS cell wall by weight. Originally described by Rebecca Lancefield in the 1930s, GAC consists of a polyrhamnose backbone and a N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) side chain. This side chain, the species-defining immunodominant antigen, is potentially implicated in auto-reactive immune responses against human heart or brain tissue in post-streptococcal rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease. The recent discovery of the genetic locus encoding GAC biosynthesis and new insights into its chemical structure have provided novel insights into the assembly of the polysaccharide, its contribution to immune evasion and virulence, and ideas for safely harnessing its natural immunogenicity in vaccine design. This review serves to summarize the emerging new literature on GAC, the eponymous cell well antigen that provides structural integrity to GAS and directly interfaces with host innate and adaptive immune responses.

Immune responses against Lewis Y tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen displayed densely on self-assembling nanocarriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (43) ◽  
pp. 8095-8105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Yamazaki ◽  
Yukiko Nambu ◽  
Masashi Ohmae ◽  
Manabu Sugai ◽  
Shunsaku Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Lewis Y

Immune responses against Lewis Y (LY) displayed at varying densities on the nanocarriers were studied.

Specific humoral immune responses in 12 cases of food sensitization to sesame seed

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1285-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. KOLOPP-SARDA ◽  
D. A. MONERET-VAUTRIN ◽  
B. GOBERT ◽  
G. KANNY ◽  
M. BRODSCHII ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Food Sensitization
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