Orthogonal Translation Meets Electron Transfer: In Vivo Labeling of Cytochromecfor Probing Local Electric Fields

ChemBioChem ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Völler ◽  
Hernan Biava ◽  
Beate Koksch ◽  
Peter Hildebrandt ◽  
Nediljko Budisa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
In Vivo Labeling

Bioavailability of Vitamin B12

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (45) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Helen Allen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Animal Source Foods ◽  
Dietary Requirements ◽  
In Vivo Labeling ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin B12 Malabsorption

Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in people of all ages who consume a low intake of animal-source foods, including populations in developing countries. It is also prevalent among the elderly, even in wealthier countries, due to their malabsorption of B12 from food. Several methods have been applied to diagnose vitamin B12 malabsorption, including Schilling’s test, which is now used rarely, but these do not quantify percent bioavailability. Most of the information on B12 bioavailability from foods was collected 40 to 50 years ago, using radioactive isotopes of cobalt to label the corrinoid ring. The data are sparse, and the level of radioactivity required for in vivo labeling of animal tissues can be prohibitive. A newer method under development uses a low dose of radioactivity as 14C-labeled B12, with measurement of the isotope excreted in urine and feces by accelerator mass spectrometry. This test has revealed that the unabsorbed vitamin is degraded in the intestine. The percent bioavailability is inversely proportional to the dose consumed due to saturation of the active absorption process, even within the range of usual intake from foods. This has important implications for the assessment and interpretation of bioavailability values, setting dietary requirements, and interpreting relationships between intake and status of the vitamin.

Monitoring of changes in the membrane proteome during stationary phase adaptation of Bacillus subtilis using in vivo labeling techniques

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2062-2076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Dreisbach ◽  
Andreas Otto ◽  
Dörte Becher ◽  
Elke Hammer ◽  
Alexander Teumer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Membrane Proteome ◽  
In Vivo Labeling

scholarly journals Correction: Photoinduced electron transfer of poly(o-phenylenediamine)–rhodamine B copolymer dots: application in ultrasensitive detection of nitrite in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1311-1311
Author(s):  
Fang Liao ◽  
Xun Song ◽  
Siwei Yang ◽  
Chenyao Hu ◽  
Lin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Ultrasensitive Detection

Correction for ‘Photoinduced electron transfer of poly(o-phenylenediamine)–rhodamine B copolymer dots: application in ultrasensitive detection of nitrite in vivo’ by Fang Liao et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 7568–7574.

Metabolic in Vivo Labeling Highlights Differences of Metabolically Active Microbes from the Mucosal Gastrointestinal Microbiome between High-Fat and Normal Chow Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1593-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Oberbach ◽  
Sven-Bastiaan Haange ◽  
Nadine Schlichting ◽  
Marco Heinrich ◽  
Stefanie Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽  
In Vivo Labeling ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Normal Chow Diet

In vivo Labeling of Schistosoma japonicum Cercariae with 35 S

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 956 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Johansen ◽  
N. O. Christensen ◽  
P. Nansen
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
In Vivo Labeling ◽  
Japonicum Cercariae

scholarly journals Evaluation of the electron transfer flavoprotein as an antibacterial target in Burkholderia cenocepacia

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 857-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Stietz ◽  
Christina Lopez ◽  
Osasumwen Osifo ◽  
Marcelo E. Tolmasky ◽  
Silvia T. Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Burkholderia Cenocepacia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Electron Transfer Flavoprotein ◽  
C Elegans

There are hundreds of essential genes in multidrug-resistant bacterial genomes, but only a few of their products are exploited as antibacterial targets. An example is the electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF), which is required for growth and viability in Burkholderia cenocepacia. Here, we evaluated ETF as an antibiotic target for Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc). Depletion of the bacterial ETF during infection of Caenorhabditis elegans significantly extended survival of the nematodes, proving that ETF is essential for survival of B. cenocepacia in this host model. In spite of the arrest in respiration in ETF mutants, the inhibition of etf expression did not increase the formation of persister cells, when treated with high doses of ciprofloxacin or meropenem. To test if etf translation could be inhibited by RNA interference, antisense oligonucleotides that target the etfBA operon were synthesized. One antisense oligonucleotide was effective in inhibiting etfB translation in vitro but not in vivo, highlighting the challenge of reduced membrane permeability for the design of drugs against B. cenocepacia. This work contributes to the validation of ETF of B. cenocepacia as a target for antibacterial therapy and demonstrates the utility of a C. elegans liquid killing assay to validate gene essentiality in an in vivo infection model.

scholarly journals Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) Entrains Alpha Oscillations by Preferential Phase Synchronization of Fast-Spiking Cortical Neurons to Stimulation Waveform

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Negahbani ◽  
Iain M. Stitt ◽  
Marshall Davey ◽  
Thien T. Doan ◽  
Moritz Dannhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Phase Synchronization ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Arnold Tongue ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Neuronal Oscillators

SummaryModeling studies predict that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) entrains brain oscillations, yet direct examination has been lacking or potentially contaminated by stimulation artefact. Here we first demonstrate how the posterior parietal cortex drives primary visual cortex and thalamic LP in the alpha-band in head-fixed awake ferrets. The spike-field synchrony is maximum within alpha frequency, and more prominent for narrow-spiking neurons than broad-spiking ones. Guided by a validated model of electric field distribution, we produced electric fields comparable to those in humans and primates (< 0.5 mV/mm). We found evidence to support the model-driven predictions of how tACS entrains neural oscillations as explained by the triangular Arnold tongue pattern. In agreement with the stronger spike-field coupling of narrow-spiking cells, tACS more strongly entrained this cell population. Our findings provide the firstin vivoevidence of how tACS with electric field amplitudes used in human studies entrains neuronal oscillators.

scholarly journals Cell proliferation assay – method optimisation for in vivo labeling of DNA in the rat forestomach

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gordana Joksić ◽  
Mileva Mićić ◽  
Jelena Filipović ◽  
Dunja Drakulić ◽  
Miloš Stanojlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Cell Labeling ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
In Vivo Labeling

AbstractThe study of cell proliferation is a useful tool in the fields of toxicology, pathophysiology and pharmacology. Cell proliferation and its degree can be evaluated using 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine which is incorporated into the newly synthesized DNA. The aim of this study was the optimization of subcutaneous application of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine implantation for continuous and persistent marking of proliferating cells in the rat forestomach. 3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole was used as the agent that ensures cell proliferation. In order to determine the optimal dose for proliferating cells labeling, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg or 350 mg were implemented 2 days prior to sacrifice by flat-faced cylindrical matrices. Immunohistochemical analysis using 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine in situ detection kit was performed for the detection of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine labeled cells. The results showed that for adult rats, the optimum 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine dose is 200 mg per animal for subcutaneous application. The here described manner of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine in vivo labeling provides a simple, efficient, and reliable method for cell labeling, and at the same minimizes stress to animals.

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