Cytoskeletal Protein Expression and its Association within the Hydrophobic Membrane of Artificial Cell Models

ChemBioChem ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Martino ◽  
Louise Horsfall ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Mayuree Chanasakulniyom ◽  
David Paterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cytoskeletal Protein ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Hydrophobic Membrane ◽  
Artificial Cell

scholarly journals Tuning intercellular adhesion with membrane-anchored oligonucleotides

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (159) ◽  
pp. 20190299
Author(s):  
Ian T. Hoffecker ◽  
Yusuke Arima ◽  
Hiroo Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Artificial Cell ◽  
Tissue Surface ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Tissue Surface Tension ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
Cell Interface ◽  
Adhesion Control ◽  
Cell Cell

Adhesive interactions between cells play an integral role in development, differentiation and regeneration. Existing methods for controlling cell–cell cohesion and adhesion by manipulating protein expression are constrained by biological interdependencies, e.g. coupling of cadherins to actomyosin force-feedback mechanisms. We use oligonucleotides conjugated to PEGylated lipid anchors (ssDNAPEGDPPE) to introduce artificial cell–cell adhesion that is largely decoupled from the internal cytoskeleton. We describe cell–cell doublets with a mechanical model based on isotropic, elastic deformation of spheres to estimate the adhesion at the cell–cell interface. Physical manipulation of adhesion by modulating the PEG-lipid to ssDNAPEGDPPE ratio, and conversely treating with actin-depolymerizing cytochalasin D, resulted in decreases and increases in doublet contact area, respectively. Our data are relevant to the ongoing discussion over mechanisms of tissue surface tension and in agreement with models based on opposing cortical and cohesive forces. PEG-lipid modulation of doublet geometries resulted in a well-defined curve indicating continuity, enabling prescriptive calibration for controlling doublet geometry. Our study demonstrates tuning of basic doublet adhesion, laying the foundation for more complex multicellular adhesion control independent of protein expression.

Loss of Prion Protein Leads to Age-Dependent Behavioral Abnormalities and Changes in Cytoskeletal Protein Expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Schmitz ◽  
Catharina Greis ◽  
Philipp Ottis ◽  
Christopher J. Silva ◽  
Walter J. Schulz-Schaeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Cytoskeletal Protein ◽  
Behavioral Abnormalities ◽  
Age Dependent

scholarly journals Icariin Intervenes in Cardiac Inflammaging through Upregulation of SIRT6 Enzyme Activity and Inhibition of the NF-Kappa B Pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Junzhen Wu ◽  
Bill Kalionis ◽  
Changcheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Nf Kappa B ◽  
Downstream Target

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on cardiac aging through its effects on the SIRT6 enzyme and on the NF-κB pathway. Investigating the effect of ICA on the enzymatic activity of histone deacetylase SIRT6 revealed a concentration of 10−8 mol/L ICA had a maximum activating effect on histone deacetylase SIRT6 enzymatic activity. Western analysis showed that ICA upregulated SIRT6 protein expression and downregulated NF-κB (p65) protein expression in animal tissues and cell models. ICA upregulated the expression of SIRT6 and had an inhibitory effect on NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways as shown by decreasing mRNA levels of the NF-κB downstream target genes TNF-α, ICAM-1, IL-2, and IL-6. Those effects were mediated directly or indirectly by SIRT6. We provided evidence that inflammaging may involve a novel link between the effects of ICA on SIRT6 (a regulator of aging) and NF-κB (a regulator of inflammation).

scholarly journals Protein synthesis in artificial cells: using compartmentalisation for spatial organisation in vesicle bioreactors

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 15534-15537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Elani ◽  
Robert V. Law ◽  
Oscar Ces
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Artificial Cells ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Artificial Cell

Spatially segregated in vitro protein expression in a vesicle-based artificial cell, with different proteins synthesised in defined vesicle regions.

Growth factor-estradiol interaction on DNA labeling and cytoskeletal protein expression in cultured rat astrocytes

2004 ◽  
Vol 358 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Avola ◽  
Fiorenzo Mignini ◽  
Venera Mazzone ◽  
Alfredo Fisichella ◽  
Damiano Zaccheo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cytoskeletal Protein ◽  
Dna Labeling ◽  
Rat Astrocytes

scholarly journals Tuning intercellular cohesion with membrane-anchored oligonucleotides

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian T. Hoffecker ◽  
Yusuke Arima ◽  
Hiroo Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Cohesive Forces ◽  
Artificial Cell ◽  
Tissue Surface ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Tissue Surface Tension ◽  
Cell Interface ◽  
Physical Manipulation ◽  
Cell Cell

AbstractCohesive interactions between cells play an integral role in development, differentiation, and regeneration. Existing methods for controlling cell-cell cohesion by manipulating protein expression are constrained by biological interdependencies, e.g. coupling of cadherins to actomyosin force-feedback mechanisms. We use oligonucleotides conjugated to PEGylated lipid anchors (ssDNAPEGDPPE) to introduce artificial cell-cell cohesion that is largely decoupled from the internal cytoskeleton. We describe cell-cell doublets with a mechanical model based on isotropic, elastic deformation of spheres to estimate the cohesion at the cell-cell interface. Physical manipulation of cohesion by modulating PEG-lipid to ssDNAPEGDPPE ratio, and conversely treatment with actin-depolymerizing cytochalsin-D, resulted respectively in decreases and increases in doublet contact area. Our data are relevant to the ongoing discussion over mechanisms of tissue surface tension and in agreement with models based on opposing cortical and cohesive forces. PEG-lipid modulation of doublet geometries resulted in a well-defined curve indicating continuity, enabling prescriptive calibration for controlling doublet geometry. Our study demonstrates tuning of basic doublet cohesion, laying the foundation for more complex multicellular cohesion control independent of protein expression.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effects of simulated microgravity on mouse fibroblast

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Nghia Son ◽  
Hoang Nguyen Quang Huy ◽  
Tran Thi Bich Tram ◽  
Ly Ngoc Cang ◽  
Ho Nguyen Quynh Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
S Phase ◽  
G1 Phase ◽  
Cytoskeletal Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Mouse Fibroblasts ◽  
M Phase

The present study investigated how mouse fibroblasts changed under microgravity (SMG) conditions (< 10-3 G) simulated by 3D clinostat. Results showed that SMG condition markedly reduced the proliferation of mouse fibroblasts, significantly reducing the nuclear area and intensity. Compared to the control group, the mouse fibroblasts ratio of the SMG group was higher in the G0/G1 phase but lower in the S phase and G2/M phase. The ratios of early and late apoptotic cells were also higher in the SMG group. The mouse fibroblasts under SMG conditions exhibited a reduction of β-Actin and α-Tubulin 3 expressions compared to the control group. These results suggested that the SMG condition diminished the proliferation and downregulated cytoskeletal protein expression of mouse fibroblasts. 

scholarly journals The Punicalagin Metabolites Ellagic Acid and Urolithin A Exert Different Strengthening and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Tight Junction-Mediated Intestinal Barrier Function In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina A. Hering ◽  
Julia Luettig ◽  
Britta Jebautzke ◽  
Jörg D. Schulzke ◽  
Rita Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Urolithin A ◽  
Ht 29

Scope: Ellagitannins are polyphenols found in numerous fruits, nuts and seeds. The elagitannin punicalagin and its bioactive metabolites ellagic acid and urolithins are discussed to comprise a high potential for therapeutically or preventive medical application such as in intestinal diseases. The present study characterizes effects of punicalagin, ellagic acid and urolithin A on intestinal barrier function in the absence or presence of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα).Methods and Results: Transepithelial resistance (TER), fluorescein and ion permeability, tight junction protein expression and signalling pathways were examined in Caco-2 and HT-29/B6 intestinal epithelial cell models. Punicalagin had less or no effects on barrier function in both cell models. Ellagic acid was most effective in ileum-like Caco-2 cells, where it increased TER and reduced fluorescein and sodium permeabilities. This was paralleled by myosin light chain kinase two mediated expression down-regulation of claudin-4, -7 and -15. Urolithin A impeded the TNFα-induced barrier loss by inhibition of claudin-1 and -2 protein expression upregulation and claudin-1 delocalization in HT-29/B6.Conclusion: Ellagic acid and urolithin A affect intestinal barrier function in distinct ways. Ellagic acid acts preventive by strengthening the barrier per se, while urolithin A protects against inflammation-induced barrier dysfunction.

scholarly journals Development of Artificial Cell Models Using Microfluidic Technology and Synthetic Biology

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koki Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Lipid Vesicles ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Artificial Cell

Giant lipid vesicles or liposomes are primarily composed of phospholipids and form a lipid bilayer structurally similar to that of the cell membrane. These vesicles, like living cells, are 5–100 μm in diameter and can be easily observed using an optical microscope. As their biophysical and biochemical properties are similar to those of the cell membrane, they serve as model cell membranes for the investigation of the biophysical or biochemical properties of the lipid bilayer, as well as its dynamics and structure. Investigation of membrane protein functions and enzyme reactions has revealed the presence of soluble or membrane proteins integrated in the giant lipid vesicles. Recent developments in microfluidic technologies and synthetic biology have enabled the development of well-defined artificial cell models with complex reactions based on the giant lipid vesicles. In this review, using microfluidics, the formations of giant lipid vesicles with asymmetric lipid membranes or complex structures have been described. Subsequently, the roles of these biomaterials in the creation of artificial cell models including nanopores, ion channels, and other membrane and soluble proteins have been discussed. Finally, the complex biological functions of giant lipid vesicles reconstituted with various types of biomolecules has been communicated. These complex artificial cell models contribute to the production of minimal cells or protocells for generating valuable or rare biomolecules and communicating between living cells and artificial cell models.

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