Proteomic Analysis of the Acid-Soluble Nacre Matrix of the Bivalve Unio pictorum: Detection of Novel Carbonic Anhydrase and Putative Protease Inhibitor Proteins

ChemBioChem ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 2138-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Marie ◽  
Isabelle Zanella-Cléon ◽  
Nathalie Le Roy ◽  
Michel Becchi ◽  
Gilles Luquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Putative Protease ◽  
Unio Pictorum

scholarly journals Purification, characterization, and bioassay of putative protease inhibitors from Hevea brasiliensis latex

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riza Arief PUTRANTO ◽  
. SISWANTO ◽  
Agustin Sri MULYATNI ◽  
Asmini BUDIANI ◽  
Radite TISTAMA
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Plant Protease ◽  
Putative Protease

Latex, a milky white liquid, is the main product from rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). Latex is the cytoplasm of complex cellular networks named laticifers in which it contains many different components, including important proteins. Various types of enzymes carrying functions associated with plant defense against pathogen and wounding have been detected in latex in which one of these enzymes is protease inhibitor (PI). Plant protease inhibitor has tremendous potential as an antifungal agent which can be developed as biofungicide. In this work, protease inhibitors from B-serum (lutoid) of rubber tree latex were isolated and purified using Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEC) technique. Of the total 70 fractions of proteins extracted from the columns, only 26 fractions showed measurable levels of protein. The concentration of obtained putative protease inhibitors (three fractions of IEC) ranged from 0.007 to 0.022 mL/g B-serum. Inhibitory activity against four protease enzymes (subtilisin A, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, and papain) showed the characteristics of Hevea putative protease inhibitors from B-serum as serine and/or cysteine protease inhibitors with more than 15% inhibitory activity of target protease. Based on SDS-PAGE visualization, the molecular weight of dominant protein considered as Hevea putative protease inhibitors was 21.5 kDa. In vitro bioassay test of antifungal activity for Hevea putative protease inhibitors showed reduced mycelium growth of Ganoderma boninense, Sclerotium sp., and Rigidosporus lignosus.

Putative protease inhibitor gene discovery and transcript profiling during fruit development and leaf damage in grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.)

Gene ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Shatters ◽  
Michael G. Bausher ◽  
Wayne B. Hunter ◽  
José X. Chaparro ◽  
Phat M. Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Gene Discovery ◽  
Transcript Profiling ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Putative Protease ◽  
Inhibitor Gene

scholarly journals Purification, characterization, and bioassay of putative protease inhibitors from Hevea brasiliensis latex

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riza Arief PUTRANTO ◽  
. SISWANTO ◽  
Agustin Sri MULYATNI ◽  
Asmini BUDIANI ◽  
Radite TISTAMA
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Putative Protease

Lateks yang menyerupai cairan susu putih diperoleh dari penyadapan kulit batang tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis). Lateks merupakan sitoplasma dari jaringan pembuluh bernama latisifer yang didalamnya terkandung berbagai macam komponen, termasuk protein-protein penting. Berbagai jenis enzim yang memiliki fungsi terkait pertahanan tanaman dari serangan patogen dan pelukaan telah berhasil dideteksi di dalam lateks, di antaranya protease inhibitor (PI). Protease inhibitor memiliki aktivitas senyawa antifungi sehingga berpotensi untuk  dimanfaatkan sebagai biofungisida. Pada penelitian ini, protease  inhibitor putatif yang berasal dari serum B (lutoid) lateks tanaman karet telah berhasil diisolasi menggunakan teknik Ion Exchange Chroma-tography. Dari total 70 fraksi protein yang diekstrak dari kolom, hanya 26 fraksi yang menunjukkan kadar protein yang terukur. Kandungan protease inhibitor putatif yang di-peroleh berkisar antara 0,0067 hingga 0,022 mL/g serum B dari hasil 3 fraksi terpilih. Aktivitas penghambatan terhadap empat enzim protease (subtilisin A, tripsin, α-kimotripsin, dan papain) menunjukkan karakteristik protease inhibitor putatif tersebut sebagai serine dan/atau cysteine inhibitor protease dengan persentase hambatan di atas 15% terhadap protease target. Hasil SDS-PAGE memperlihatkan pemisahan protein dominan yang diperkirakan merupakan protease inhibitor putatif dengan berat molekul sebesar 21,5 kDa. Uji bioassay aktivitas antifungi secara in vitro dari protease inhibitor memperlihatkan penghambatan pertumbuhan miselium dari fungi Ganoderma boninense, Sclerotium sp., dan Rigidosporus lignosus. [Kata kunci : protease inhibitor, Hevea brasiliensis, lateks, serum B, ion exchange chromatography]AbstractLatex, a milky white liquid, is the main product from rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). Latex is the cytoplasm of complex cellular networks named laticifers in which it contains many different components, including important proteins. Various types of enzymes carrying functions associated with plant defense against pathogen and wounding have been detected in latex in which one of these enzymes is protease inhibitor (PI). Plant protease inhibitor has tremendous potential as an antifungal agent which can be developed as biofungicide. In this work, protease inhibitors from B-serum (lutoid) of rubber tree latex were isolated and purified using Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEC) technique. Of the total 70 fractions of proteins extracted from the columns, only 26 fractions showed measurable levels of protein. The concentration of obtained putative protease inhibitors (three fractions of IEC) ranged from 0.007 to 0.022 mL/g B-serum. Inhibitory activity against four protease enzymes (subtilisin A, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, and papain) showed the characteristics of Hevea putative protease inhibitors from B-serum as serine and/or cysteine protease inhibitors with more than 15% inhibitory activity of target protease. Based on SDS-PAGE visualization, the molecular weight of dominant protein considered as Hevea putative protease inhibitors was 21.5 kDa. In vitro bioassay test of antifungal activity for Hevea putative protease inhibitors showed reduced mycelium growth of Ganoderma boninense, Sclerotium sp., and Rigidosporus lignosus.[Keywords: protease inhibitor, Hevea brasiliensis, latex, B-serum, ion exchange chromatography]

Silicon Substitution for Calcium in the Shell of the Fingernail Clam, Musculium Transversum Studied By X-Ray Analysis

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
Judith A. Murphy ◽  
Anthony Paparo ◽  
Richard Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
River Water ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
Fingernail Clams

Fingernail clams (Muscu1ium transversum) are dominant bottom-dwelling animals in some waters of the midwest U.S. These organisms are key links in food chains leading from nutrients in water and mud to fish and ducks which are utilized by man. In the mid-1950’s, fingernail clams disappeared from a 100-mile section of the Illinois R., a tributary of the Mississippi R. Some factor(s) in the river and/or sediment currently prevent clams from recolonizing areas where they were formerly abundant. Recently, clams developed shell deformities and died without reproducing. The greatest mortality and highest incidence of shell deformities appeared in test chambers containing the highest proportion of river water to well water. The molluscan shell consists of CaCO3, and the tissue concerned in its secretion is the mantle. The source of the carbonate is probably from metabolic CO2 and the maintenance of ionized Ca concentration in the mantle is controlled by carbonic anhydrase. The Ca is stored in extracellular concentric spherical granules(0.6-5.5μm) which represent a large amount of inertCa in the mantle. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the role of raw river water and well water on shell formation in the fingernail clam.

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