Effect ofTerminalia chebulaaqueous extract on oxidative stress and antioxidant status in the liver and kidney of young and aged rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 358-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Mahesh ◽  
Shanmugham Bhuvana ◽  
Vava Mohaideen Hazeena Begum
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Modulatory effects of cod liver oil on the antioxidant status and oxidative stress induced by acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in experimental animal models

2014 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abam Esther Omugba ◽  
Adebayo J. Ajiboye ◽  
Ademola A. Oyagbemi ◽  
Eze Agofure
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Experimental Animal Models ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Enzymic Antioxidants ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractThis work was designed to investigate the modulatory effects of cod liver oil on the acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCLMarkers of oxidative stress, enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were assessed in the liver and kidney.The results showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the total protein of the kidney of rats pretreated with cod liver oil compared to the control and CCLTaken together, cod liver oil attenuates CCL

Association between calcitriol and paricalcitol with oxidative stress in patients with hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hasan Haci Yeter ◽  
Berfu Korucu ◽  
Elif Burcu Bali ◽  
Ulver Derici
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Oxidant Status ◽  
Vitamin D Analog ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract. Background: The pathophysiological basis of chronic kidney disease and its complications, including cardiovascular disease, are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) and synthetic vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) on oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 83 patients with a minimum hemodialysis vintage of one year. Patients with a history of any infection, malignancy, and chronic inflammatory disease were excluded. Oxidative markers (total oxidant and antioxidant status) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were analyzed. Results: A total of 47% (39/83) patients were using active or analog vitamin D. Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in patients with using active or analog vitamin D than those who did not use (p = 0.006). Whereas, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were significantly higher in patients with not using vitamin D when compared with the patients who were using vitamin D preparation (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). On the other hand, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were similar between patients who used active vitamin D or vitamin D analog (p = 0.6; p = 0.4 and p = 0.7, respectively). Conclusion: The use of active or selective vitamin D analog in these patients decreases total oxidant status and increases total antioxidant status. Also, paricalcitol is as effective as calcitriol in decreasing total oxidant status and increasing total antioxidant status in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Eudragit L-100 Capsules Aromatize and Quaternerize Chitosan for Insulin Nanoparticle Oral Delivery During Toxic Oxidative Stress in Rat Liver and Kidney

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mahjub ◽  
Farzane K. Najafabadi ◽  
Narges Dehkhodaei ◽  
Nejat Kheiripour ◽  
Amir N. Ahmadabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Regular Insulin ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Background: Insulin, like most peptides, is classified as a hydrophilic and macromolecular drug that is considered as a low permeable and unstable compound in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The acidic condition of the stomach can degrade insulin molecules. Moreover, the presence of proteolytic activities of some enzymes such as trypsin and chymotrypsin can hydrolyze amide-bonds between various amino-acids in the structures of peptides and proteins. However, due to its simplicity and high patient compliance, oral administration is the most preferred route of systemic drug delivery, and for the development of an oral delivery system, some obstacles in oral administration of peptides and proteins including low permeability and low stability of the proteins in GI should be overcome. Objective: In this study, the effects of orally insulin nanoparticles (INPs) prepared from quaternerized N-aryl derivatives of chitosan on the biochemical factors of the liver in diabetic rats were studied. Methods: INPs composed of methylated (amino benzyl) chitosan were prepared by the PEC method. Lyophilized INPs were filled in pre-clinical capsules, and the capsules were enteric-coated with Eudragit L100. Twenty Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: group1: normal control rats, group 2: diabetic rats, group 3: diabetic rats received capsules INPs(30 U/kg/day, orally), group 4: the diabetic rats received regular insulin (5 U/kg/day, subcutaneously). At the end of the treatment, serum, liver and kidney tissues were collected. Biochemical parameters in serum were measured using spectrophotometric methods. Also, oxidative stress was measured in plasma, liver and kidney. Histological studies were performed using H and E staining . Results: Biochemical parameters, and liver and kidney injury markers in serum of the diabetic rats that received INPs improved significantly compared with the diabetic group. INPs reduced oxidative toxic stress biomarkers in serum, liver and kidney of the diabetic treated group. Furthermore, a histopathological change was developed in the treated groups. Conclusion: Capsulated INPs can prevent diabetic liver and oxidative kidney damages (similar regular insulin). Therefore oral administration of INPs appears to be safe. Lay Summary: Although oral route is the most preferred route of administration, but oral delivery of peptides and proteins is still a challenging issue. Diabetes Mellitus may lead to severe complications, which most of them are life-threatening. In this study, we are testing the toxicity of oral insulin nanoparticles in kidney and liver of rats. For this investigation, we will prepare insulin nanoparticles composed of a quaternized derivative of chitosan. The nanoparticles will be administered orally to rats and the level of oxidative stress in their liver and kidney will be determined. The data will be compared to the subcutaneous injection of insulin.

scholarly journals The Phosphoarginine Phosphatase PtpB from Staphylococcus aureus Is Involved in Bacterial Stress Adaptation during Infection

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ibrahem Elhawy ◽  
Sylvaine Huc-Brandt ◽  
Linda Pätzold ◽  
Laila Gannoun-Zaki ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Mostafa Abdrabou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Staphylococcus aureus continues to be a public health threat, especially in hospital settings. Studies aimed at deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis, host adaptation, and virulence are required to develop effective treatment strategies. Numerous host-pathogen interactions were found to be dependent on phosphatases-mediated regulation. This study focused on the analysis of the role of the low-molecular weight phosphatase PtpB, in particular, during infection. Deletion of ptpB in S. aureus strain SA564 significantly reduced the capacity of the mutant to withstand intracellular killing by THP-1 macrophages. When injected into normoglycemic C57BL/6 mice, the SA564 ΔptpB mutant displayed markedly reduced bacterial loads in liver and kidney tissues in a murine S. aureus abscess model when compared to the wild type. We also observed that PtpB phosphatase-activity was sensitive to oxidative stress. Our quantitative transcript analyses revealed that PtpB affects the transcription of various genes involved in oxidative stress adaptation and infectivity. Thus, this study disclosed first insights into the physiological role of PtpB during host interaction allowing us to link phosphatase-dependent regulation to oxidative bacterial stress adaptation during infection.

scholarly journals Cyclic Voltammetry in Biological Samples: A Systematic Review of Methods and Techniques Applicable to Clinical Settings

Signals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-158
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Wei Wang ◽  
Cameron Bringans ◽  
Anthony J. R. Hickey ◽  
John A. Windsor ◽  
Paul A. Kilmartin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
Processing And Storage

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, but there is no accurate measurement of oxidative stress or antioxidants that has utility in the clinical setting. Cyclic Voltammetry is an electrochemical technique that has been widely used for analyzing redox status in industrial and research settings. It has also recently been applied to assess the antioxidant status of in vivo biological samples. This systematic review identified 38 studies that used cyclic voltammetry to determine the change in antioxidant status in humans and animals. It focusses on the methods for sample preparation, processing and storage, experimental setup and techniques used to identify the antioxidants responsible for the voltammetric peaks. The aim is to provide key information to those intending to use cyclic voltammetry to measure antioxidants in biological samples in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Are insulin-resistance and oxidative stress cause or consequence of aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (14) ◽  
pp. 1260-1267
Author(s):  
Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak ◽  
Dorota Stołtny ◽  
Alicja Brożek ◽  
Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń ◽  
Ewa Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Insulin resistance (IR) may be associated with oxidative stress and leads to cardiovascular disorders. Current research focuses on interplay between insulin-resistance indices and oxidant-antioxidant markers in elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. The assessment involved anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI, percentage of body fat (FAT)) and biochemical tests (glucose, lipids, serum insulin and plasma oxidant-antioxidant markers: Thiobarbituric Acid-Reacting Substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and total antioxidant status). Insulin resistance index (IR) assuming a cut-off point of 0.3 allows to divides groups into: insulin sensitive group (InsS) IR < 0,3 ( n = 35, median age 69.0 years) and insulin-resistant group (InsR) IR ≥ 0.3 ( n = 51, median age 71.0 years). Lipids and antioxidant defense system markers did not differentiate the investigated groups. In the InsR elderly group, the FAT was increased ( P < 0.000003) and TBARS ( P = 0.008) concentration decreased in comparison with InsS group. A positive correlation for SOD-1 and total antioxidant status ( P < 0.05; r =  0.434) and a negative correlation for TBARS and age ( P < 0.05 with r = −0.421) were calculated in InsR individuals. In elderly individuals, oxidative stress persists irrespective of insulin-resistance status. We suggest that increased oxidative stress may be consequence of old age. An insulin action identifies those at high risk for atherosclerosis, via congruent associations with oxidative stress and extra- and intra-cellular antioxidant defense systems. Thus, we maintain that insulin-resistance is not the cause of aging. Impact statement Insulin resistance is associated with oxidative stress leading to cardiovascular diseases. However, little research has been performed examining elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. We demonstrate that antioxidant defense systems alone is not able to abrogate insulin action in elderly individuals at high risk for atherosclerosis, whereas the combined oxidant-antioxidant markers (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), and total antioxidant status (TAS)) might be more efficient and perhaps produce better clinical outcome. In fact, a decrease in oxidative stress and strong interaction between antioxidant defense can be seen only among insulin-resistant elderly individuals. This is, in our opinion, valuable information for clinicians, since insulin-resistance is considered strong cardiovascular risk factor.

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