Compositae Plants Differed in Leaf Cuticular Waxes between High and Low Altitudes

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Guo ◽  
Jianhua Gao ◽  
Yuji He ◽  
Yanjun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Compositae Plants

Chromatographic fractionation and analysis of the main components of eggplant (Solanum melongenaL.) leaf cuticular waxes

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ł. P. Haliński ◽  
J. Szafranek ◽  
B. M. Szafranek ◽  
M. Gołębiowski ◽  
P. Stepnowski
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Chromatographic Fractionation ◽  
Main Components

scholarly journals Variations in Triterpenoid Deposition in Cuticular Waxes during Development and Maturation of Selected Fruits of Rosaceae Family

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9762
Author(s):  
Soyol Dashbaldan ◽  
Cezary Pączkowski ◽  
Anna Szakiel
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Rosa Rugosa ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Black Chokeberry ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Fruit Surface

The process of fruit ripening involves many chemical changes occurring not only in the mesocarp but also in the epicarp, including changes in the triterpenoid content of fruit cuticular waxes that can modify the susceptibility to pathogens and mechanical properties of the fruit surface. The aim of the study was the determination of the ripening-related changes in the triterpenoid content of fruit cuticular waxes of three plant species from the Rosaceae family, including rugosa rose (Rosa rugosa), black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa var. “Galicjanka”) and apple (Malus domestica var. “Antonovka”). The triterpenoid and steroid content in chloroform-soluble cuticular waxes was determined by a GC-MS/FID method at four different phenological stages. The profile of identified compounds was rather similar in selected fruit samples with triterpenoids with ursane-, oleanane- and lupane-type carbon skeletons, prevalence of ursolic acid and the composition of steroids. Increasing accumulation of triterpenoids and steroids, as well as the progressive enrichment of the composition of these compounds in cuticular wax during fruit development, was observed. The changes in triterpenoid content resulted from modifications of metabolic pathways, particularly hydroxylation and esterification, that can alter interactions with complementary functional groups of aliphatic constituents and lead to important changes in fruit surface quality.

scholarly journals Dissecting the Roles of Cuticular Wax in Plant Resistance to Shoot Dehydration and Low-Temperature Stress in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Tawhidur Rahman ◽  
Mingxuan Shao ◽  
Shankar Pahari ◽  
Prakash Venglat ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Cuticular Wax ◽  
Dehydration Stress ◽  
Wax Deposition ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Cuticular waxes are a mixture of hydrophobic very-long-chain fatty acids and their derivatives accumulated in the plant cuticle. Most studies define the role of cuticular wax largely based on reducing nonstomatal water loss. The present study investigated the role of cuticular wax in reducing both low-temperature and dehydration stress in plants using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants and transgenic genotypes altered in the formation of cuticular wax. cer3-6, a known Arabidopsis wax-deficient mutant (with distinct reduction in aldehydes, n-alkanes, secondary n-alcohols, and ketones compared to wild type (WT)), was most sensitive to water loss, while dewax, a known wax overproducer (greater alkanes and ketones compared to WT), was more resistant to dehydration compared to WT. Furthermore, cold-acclimated cer3-6 froze at warmer temperatures, while cold-acclimated dewax displayed freezing exotherms at colder temperatures compared to WT. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis identified a characteristic decrease in the accumulation of certain waxes (e.g., alkanes, alcohols) in Arabidopsis cuticles under cold acclimation, which was additionally reduced in cer3-6. Conversely, the dewax mutant showed a greater ability to accumulate waxes under cold acclimation. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) also supported observations in cuticular wax deposition under cold acclimation. Our data indicate cuticular alkane waxes along with alcohols and fatty acids can facilitate avoidance of both ice formation and leaf water loss under dehydration stress and are promising genetic targets of interest.

scholarly journals Structure–function relationships of the plant cuticle and cuticular waxes — a smart material?

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Bargel ◽  
Kerstin Koch ◽  
Zdenek Cerman ◽  
Christoph Neinhuis
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Symmetry Classes ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Surface Waxes

The cuticle is the main interface between plants and their environment. It covers the epidermis of all aerial primary parts of plant organs as a continuous extracellular matrix. This hydrophobic natural composite consists mainly of the biopolymer, cutin, and cuticular lipids collectively called waxes, with a high degree of variability in composition and structure. The cuticle and cuticular waxes exhibit a multitude of functions that enable plant life in many different terrestrial habitats and play important roles in interfacial interactions. This review highlights structure–function relationships that are the subjects of current research activities. The surface waxes often form complex crystalline microstructures that originate from self-assembly processes. The concepts and results of the analysis of model structures and the influence of template effects are critically discussed. Recent investigations of surface waxes by electron and X-ray diffraction revealed that these could be assigned to three crystal symmetry classes, while the background layer is not amorphous, but has an orthorhombic order. In addition, advantages of the characterisation of formation of model wax types on a molecular scale are presented. Epicuticular wax crystals may cause extreme water repellency and, in addition, a striking self-cleaning property. The principles of wetting and up-to-date concepts of the transfer of plant surface properties to biomimetic technical applications are reviewed. Finally, biomechanical studies have demonstrated that the cuticle is a mechanically important structure, whose properties are dynamically modified by the plant in response to internal and external stimuli. Thus, the cuticle combines many aspects attributed to smart materials.

Cuticular waxes on eceriferum mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M Rashotte ◽  
Matthew A Jenks ◽  
Kenneth A Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Eceriferum Mutants

scholarly journals McWRI1, a transcription factor of the AP2/SHEN family, regulates the biosynthesis of the cuticular waxes on the apple fruit surface under low temperature

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0186996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suxiao Hao ◽  
Yiyi Ma ◽  
Shuang Zhao ◽  
Qianlong Ji ◽  
Kezhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Fruit Surface

Changes in the Triterpenoid Content of Cuticular Waxes during Fruit Ripening of Eight Grape (Vitis vinifera) Cultivars Grown in the Upper Rhine Valley

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (32) ◽  
pp. 7998-8007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Pensec ◽  
Cezary Pączkowski ◽  
Marta Grabarczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Woźniak ◽  
Mélanie Bénard-Gellon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Rhine Valley ◽  
Upper Rhine
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