Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2327-2580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswanath Dinda ◽  
Sudhan Debnath ◽  
Bikas Chandra Mohanta ◽  
Yoshihiro Harigaya
Keyword(s):  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Naturally Occurring

ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (23) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Charles Gauthier ◽  
Jean Legault ◽  
Andre Pichette
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Gauthier ◽  
Jean Legault ◽  
Andre Pichette
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Synthesis and antitumor activities of naturally occurring oleanolic acid triterpenoid saponins and their derivatives

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingchao Liu ◽  
Hongchun Liu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Tiantian Guo ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Naturally Occurring

scholarly journals Misaponin B Induces G2/M Arrest, Cytokinesis Failure and Impairs Autophagy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gunho Won ◽  
Ji Hoon Jung ◽  
Eun Jung Sohn ◽  
Ji Eon Park ◽  
Hyungjin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Autophagy Flux ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Madhuca Longifolia ◽  
Foam Forming ◽  
Strong Foam

Saponins are a group of naturally occurring plant glycosides with the features of their strong foam-forming properties and multibiological effects such as antitumor activity. Though Misaponin B, one of the triterpenoid saponins from Madhuca longifolia, is known to have spermicidal and antioxidant activity, the other biological activities have been never reported so far. Thus, in the present study, the antitumor mechanism of Misaponin B was investigated in A549 and AsPC-1 cancer cells. Misaponin B exerted significant cytotoxicity in A549, H460, SKOV3, and AsPC-1 cancer cells. Among them, A549 and AsPC-1 cells were more susceptible to Misaponin B. Misaponin B induced G2/M arrest and cytokinesis failure and increased the expression of LC3B and p62 with autophagic vacuoles and GFP-LC3 punctae in A549 and AsPC-1 cells. Furthermore, Misaponin B suppressed autophagy flux in A549 cells transfected by GFP-mRFP-LC3 constructs by showing merged yellow color by autophagy flux assay. Overall, our findings provide evidences that Misaponin B induces G2M arrest and impairs autophagy in A549 and AsPC-1 cells.

ChemInform Abstract: Naturally Occurring Triterpenoid Saponins

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Biswanath Dinda ◽  
Sudhan Debnath ◽  
Bikas Chandra Mohanta ◽  
Yoshihiro Harigaya
Keyword(s):  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Quillaja Saponin Characteristics and Functional Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina L. Reichert ◽  
Hanna Salminen ◽  
Jochen Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Quillaja Saponaria ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Interfacial Structures ◽  
Natural Surfactants ◽  
Quillaja Saponin ◽  
Quillaic Acid

Consumer concerns about synthetically derived food additives have increased current research efforts to find naturally occurring alternatives. This review focuses on a group of natural surfactants, the Quillaja saponins, that can be extracted from the Quillaja saponaria Molina tree. Quillaja saponins are triterpenoid saponins comprising a hydrophobic quillaic acid backbone and hydrophilic sugar moieties. Commercially available Quillaja saponin products and their composition and properties are described, and the technofunctionality of Quillaja saponins in a variety of food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical product applications is discussed. These applications make use of the biological and interfacial activities of Quillaja saponins and their ability to form and stabilize colloidal structures such as emulsions, foams, crystallized lipid particles, heteroaggregates, and micelles. Further emphasis is given to the complexation and functional properties of Quillaja saponins with other cosurfactants to create mixed surfactant systems, an approach that has the potential to facilitate new interfacial structures and novel functionalities.

Pathology of Bone Cells in Pigs with Experimental Turbinate Osteoporosis (Atrophic Rhinitis)

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
A. W. Fetter ◽  
C. C. Capen
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Osteocytic Osteolysis ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Atrophic rhinitis in swine is a disease of uncertain etiology in which infectious agents, hereditary predisposition, and metabolic disturbances have been reported to be of primary etiologic importance. It shares many similarities, both clinically and pathologically, with ozena in man. The disease is characterized by deformity and reduction in volume of the nasal turbinates. The fundamental cause for the localized lesion of bone in the nasal turbinates has not been established. Reduced osteogenesis, increased resorption related to inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, and excessive resorption due to osteocytic osteolysis stimulated by hyperparathyroidism have been suggested as possible pathogenetic mechanisms.The objectives of this investigation were to evaluate ultrastructurally bone cells in the nasal turbinates of pigs with experimentally induced atrophic rhinitis, and to compare these findings to those in control pigs of the same age and pigs with the naturally occurring disease, in order to define the fundamental lesion responsible for the progressive reduction in volume of the osseous core.

High Resolution Replication of Organoclay Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
W. W. Barker ◽  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
W. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Mineral Identification

Experimental clay mineral-organic molecule complexes long have been known and some of them have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The organic molecules are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the clay minerals, or intercalated between the silicate layers. Natural organo-clays also are widely recognized but generally have not been well characterized. Widely used techniques for clay mineral identification involve treatment of the sample with H2 O2 or other oxidant to destroy any associated organics. This generally simplifies and intensifies the XRD pattern of the clay residue, but helps little with the characterization of the original organoclay. Adequate techniques for the direct observation of synthetic and naturally occurring organoclays are yet to be developed.

SEM study of the morphological effects of kinetin and zeatin on the growth and development of the apical meristem in wheat

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 978-979
Author(s):  
G. M. Hutchins ◽  
J. S. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Moist Environment

Cytokinins are plant hormones that play a large and incompletely understood role in the life-cycle of plants. The goal of this study was to determine what roles cytokinins play in the morphological development of wheat. To achieve any real success in altering the development and growth of wheat, the cytokinins must be applied directly to the apical meristem, or spike of the plant. It is in this region that the plant cells are actively undergoing mitosis. Kinetin and Zeatin were the two cytokinins chosen for this experiment. Kinetin is an artificial hormone that was originally extracted from old or heated DNA. Kinetin is easily made from the reaction of adenine and furfuryl alcohol. Zeatin is a naturally occurring hormone found in corn, wheat, and many other plants.Chinese Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was used for this experiment. Prior to planting, the seeds were germinated in a moist environment for 72 hours.

Fine structure and properties of defects in naturally occurring silicates and oxides

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
David R. Veblen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Image Simulations ◽  
Similar Crystal Structure

Extended defects and interfaces control many processes in rock-forming minerals, from chemical reactions to rock deformation. In many cases, it is not the average structure of a defect or interface that is most important, but rather the structure of defect terminations or offsets in an interface. One of the major thrusts of high-resolution electron microscopy in the earth sciences has been to identify the role of defect fine structures in reactions and to determine the structures of such features. This paper will review studies using HREM and image simulations to determine the structures of defects in silicate and oxide minerals and present several examples of the role of defects in mineral chemical reactions. In some cases, the geological occurrence can be used to constrain the diffusional properties of defects.The simplest reactions in minerals involve exsolution (precipitation) of one mineral from another with a similar crystal structure, and pyroxenes (single-chain silicates) provide a good example. Although conventional TEM studies have led to a basic understanding of this sort of phase separation in pyroxenes via spinodal decomposition or nucleation and growth, HREM has provided a much more detailed appreciation of the processes involved.

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