scholarly journals Coping styles and optimism predict different aspects of well‐being in a randomised controlled trial of a tailored counselling intervention for injured workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Abegglen ◽  
Julia Katharina Hegy ◽  
Volker Schade ◽  
Ulrike Hoffmann‐Richter ◽  
Hansjörg Znoj
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Injured Workers ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Counselling Intervention

scholarly journals Study design, rationale and methods of the Revitalising Informal Settlements and their Environments (RISE) study: a cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate environmental and human health impacts of a water-sensitive intervention in informal settlements in Indonesia and Fiji

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e042850
Author(s):  
Karin Leder ◽  
John J Openshaw ◽  
Pascale Allotey ◽  
Ansariadi Ansariadi ◽  
S Fiona Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Health And Well Being

IntroductionIncreasing urban populations have led to the growth of informal settlements, with contaminated environments linked to poor human health through a range of interlinked pathways. Here, we describe the design and methods for the Revitalising Informal Settlements and their Environments (RISE) study, a transdisciplinary randomised trial evaluating impacts of an intervention to upgrade urban informal settlements in two Asia-Pacific countries.Methods and analysisRISE is a cluster randomised controlled trial among 12 settlements in Makassar, Indonesia, and 12 in Suva, Fiji. Six settlements in each country have been randomised to receive the intervention at the outset; the remainder will serve as controls and be offered intervention delivery after trial completion. The intervention involves a water-sensitive approach, delivering site-specific, modular, decentralised infrastructure primarily aimed at improving health by decreasing exposure to environmental faecal contamination. Consenting households within each informal settlement site have been enrolled, with longitudinal assessment to involve health and well-being surveys, and human and environmental sampling. Primary outcomes will be evaluated in children under 5 years of age and include prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal pathogens, abundance and diversity of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in gastrointestinal microorganisms and markers of gastrointestinal inflammation. Diverse secondary outcomes include changes in microbial contamination; abundance and diversity of pathogens and AMR genes in environmental samples; impacts on ecological biodiversity and microclimates; mosquito vector abundance; anthropometric assessments, nutrition markers and systemic inflammation in children; caregiver-reported and self-reported health symptoms and healthcare utilisation; and measures of individual and community psychological, emotional and economic well-being. The study aims to provide proof-of-concept evidence to inform policies on upgrading of informal settlements to improve environments and human health and well-being.EthicsStudy protocols have been approved by ethics boards at Monash University, Fiji National University and Hasanuddin University.Trial registration numberACTRN12618000633280; Pre-results.

A randomised controlled trial to test a non-metallic deodorant used during a course of radiotherapy

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gee ◽  
D. Moffitt ◽  
M. Churn ◽  
R.D. Errington
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Weekly Basis ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Treated Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Radiotherapy skin reactions have been well documented in the past. Until recently, washing of the treated area and the use of perfumed products that contain metals has not been advocated during treatment. The aims of this study were to assess the skin reactions of patients using a non-metallic deodorant and to see whether there were any psychological benefits from being able to use the deodorant.Method: 41 women attending for radiotherapy to either the breast or breast and axilla were recruited into the trial. They were randomised into one of two groups. Complete data was obtained for 36 patients. 20 patients used the deodorant and 16 did not. Any skin reactions noted were recorded on a weekly basis. Patients were also asked to complete a questionnaire relating to feelings and activities and to comment on the deodorant if they had used it.Results: Skin reactions did seem to be slightly worse in the patients using deodorant, and it was only in this group of patients that axillary reactions were noted. However, neither of these results were statistically significant. The use of the deodorant did not have any impact on the psychological well being of the patients, but patients using it had found it pleasant to use and the majority said that they would use it again.Conclusion: Further study is indicated to look at skin reactions using the deodorant with a larger sample of patients.

scholarly journals HOMESIDE: home-based family caregiver-delivered music and reading interventions for people living with dementia: protocol of a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Anne Baker ◽  
Jodie Bloska ◽  
Sabine Braat ◽  
Anna Bukowska ◽  
Imogen Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPharmacological interventions to address behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can have undesirable side effects, therefore non-pharmacological approaches to managing symptoms may be preferable. Past studies show that music therapy can reduce BPSD, and other studies have explored how formal caregivers use music in their caring roles. However, no randomised study has examined the effects on BPSD of music interventions delivered by informal caregivers (CGs) in the home setting. Our project aims to address the need for improved informal care by training cohabiting family CGs to implement music interventions that target BPSD, and the quality of life (QoL) and well-being of people with dementia (PwD) and CGs.Methods and analysisA large international three-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial will recruit a sample of 495 dyads from Australia, Germany, UK, Poland and Norway. Dyads will be randomised equally to standard care (SC), a home-based music programme plus SC, or a home-based reading programme plus SC for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is BPSD of PwD (measured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire). Secondary outcomes will examine relationship quality between CG and PwD, depression, resilience, competence, QoL for CG and QoL for PwD. Outcomes will be collected at baseline, at the end of the 12-week intervention and at 6 months post randomisation. Resource Utilisation in Dementia will be used to collect economic data across the life of the intervention and at 6-month follow-up. We hypothesise that the music programme plus SC will generate better results than SC alone (primary comparison) and the reading programme plus SC (secondary comparison).Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained for all countries. Results will be presented at national and international conferences and published in scientific journals and disseminated to consumer and caregiver representatives and the community.Trial registration numbersACTRN12618001799246p; NCT03907748

scholarly journals Effect of adjusting the challenge–skill balance for occupational therapy: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e022438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ippei Yoshida ◽  
Kazuki Hirao ◽  
Ryuji Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Rehabilitation Unit ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionOccupational therapy (OT) is defined as the promotion of client health and well-being through a client-centred practice. However, there is a tendency to rely on the therapist’s experiences and values, and there is a difference between the client’s and therapist’s perceptions regarding the current activity that the client is engaged in. In previous studies that have applied ‘flow’, activities supported by OT in elderly people were analysed, indicating a difference in recognition. Therefore, we thought that more effective OT could be implemented by adjusting the challenge–skill (ACS) balance, and we invented a novel process termed as ACS balance for OT. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of ACS-OT on clients in the recovery rehabilitation unit and to prepare a protocol for randomised controlled trial (RCT) implementation.Method and analysisThis single-blind RCT will recruit 80 clients aged 50–99 years admitted to the recovery rehabilitation unit who meet eligibility criteria. Clients will be randomly allocated to receive ACS-OT or standard OT. Both interventions will be performed during the clients’ residence at the unit. The primary outcome measure will be subjective quality of life and will be measured at entry into (pre) and at discharge from (post) the unit and at 3 months afterwards (follow-up). Outcomes will be analysed using a linear mixed model fitted with a maximum likelihood estimation.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the ethics review committee of the Tokyo Metropolitan University (No.17020). Results of this trial will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberUMIN-CTR number, UMIN000029505; Pre-results.

scholarly journals School-based intervention study examining approaches for well-being and mental health literacy of pupils in Year 9 in England: study protocol for a multischool, parallel group cluster randomised controlled trial (AWARE)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hayes ◽  
Anna Moore ◽  
Emily Stapley ◽  
Neil Humphrey ◽  
Rosie Mansfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Implementation Evaluation ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionThe prevalence of emotional difficulties in young people is increasing. This upward trend is largely accounted for by escalating symptoms of anxiety and depression. As part of a public health response, there is increasing emphasis on universal prevention programmes delivered in school settings. This protocol describes a three-arm, parallel group cluster randomised controlled trial, investigating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of two interventions, alongside a process and implementation evaluation, to improve mental health and well-being of Year 9 pupils in English secondary schools.MethodA three-arm, parallel group cluster randomised controlled trial comparing two different interventions, the Youth Aware of Mental Health (YAM) or the Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide (The Guide), to Usual Provision. Overall, 144 secondary schools in England will be recruited, involving 8600 Year 9 pupils. The primary outcome for YAM is depressive symptoms, and for The Guide it is intended help-seeking. These will be measured at baseline, 3–6 months and 9–12 months after the intervention commenced. Secondary outcomes measured concurrently include changes to: positive well-being, behavioural difficulties, support from school staff, stigma-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, and mental health first aid. An economic evaluation will assess the cost-effectiveness of the interventions, and a process and implementation evaluation (including a qualitative research component) will explore several aspects of implementation (fidelity, quality, dosage, reach, participant responsiveness, adaptations), social validity (acceptability, feasibility, utility), and their moderating effects on the outcomes of interest, and perceived impact.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the University College London Research Ethics Committee. Findings will be published in a report to the Department for Education, in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences.Trial registration numberISRCTN17631228.ProtocolV1 3 January 2019. Substantial changes to the protocol will be communicated to the trials manager to relevant parties (eg, ISRCTN).

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