scholarly journals Clinicopathological features and lymph node and distant metastasis patterns in patients with gastroenteropancreatic mixed neuroendocrine‐non‐neuroendocrine neoplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Zhang ◽  
Zhongwu Li ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Xiaotian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Metastasis Patterns

Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajie Wang ◽  
Bei Wen ◽  
Shubo Tian ◽  
Kangdi Dong ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
T Stage

Abstract Purpose: We performed a retrospective study to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis of G-NEN.Methods: Clinicopathological features and follow-up data of 67 patients with G-NEN treated at Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated of Shandong University were analyzed retrospectively. Results: This whole cohort included 53 males and 14 females, with a mean age of 59.37±9.80 years. The clinical symptoms and the primary tumor site were not specific. Neuroendocrine tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and mixed neuroendocrine–non‐neuroendocrine neoplasm accounted for 14.93%, 59.70%, and 25.37%, respectively. TNM stages Ⅰ-Ⅳ: 6, 6, 49, 4, respectively. All patients underwent surgically treated. Forty-five patients underwent laparoscopic surgery, and twenty-two patients received an open approach. The median survival time was 36 months in all patients. The overall survival rate for the entire cohort was 68.1 %, 44.7 %, and 34.5% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the invasive depth of tumors was predictors for metastasis. The univariate analysis confirmed that smoking, T stage, distant metastasis, and surgical method were related to survival. COX regression analysis showed that the T stage (HR=4.817, 95%CI: 1.021-22.729, P=0.047) was an independent risk factor for evaluating the prognosis of patients with G-NEN.Conclusions: G-NEN is a kind of rare tumors that can occur at any part of the stomach. The clinical features are not specific. The tumor invasive depth related to tumor metastasis. The prognosis is associated with smoking, T stage, distant metastasis, and surgical method. Of them, T stage is an independent prognostic factor for G-NEN patients. But larger studies are needed in the future.

Clinicopathological and prognostic values of PD-L1 expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of 31 studies with 5368 patients

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-140029
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Lei Cai ◽  
Man Guo ◽  
Guanghui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Programmed Death

Several immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed death 1 have successfully improved the prognosis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with approval in certain countries. However, whether the expression of PD-L1 is associated with the degree of benefit is unclear yet and a unified standard of antibody and cut-off value of PD-L1 detection is also lacking. The current meta-analysis then aimed to explore the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features as well as prognosis in ESCC.A systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases was performed up to 30 March 2021. The correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, as well as prognosis in ESCC, was estimated with the random-effects model.A total of 5368 patients from 31 retrospective studies were enrolled. The overexpression of PD-L1 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR 1.342, 95% CI 0.995 to 1.809, p=0.050) and distant metastasis (OR 1.516, 95% CI 1.001 to 2.294, p=0.050). The pooled HR showed that PD-L1 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) of patients with ESCC (HR 1.306, 95% CI 1.108 to 1.539, p<0.010) but not disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 1.180, 95% CI 0.937 to 1.487, p=0.160). Heterogeneity decreased significantly in subgroup analyses. The overexpression of PD-L1 was associated with poor DFS at the cut-off point of ≥1% (HR 1.642, 95% CI 1.367 to 1.973, p<0.010; I2=0%) and worse OS at the cut-off point of ≥10% (HR 1.575, 95% CI 1.175 to 2.111, p<0.010; I2=0%).The overexpression of PD-L1 was correlated with lymph node and distant metastasis as well as poor survival of ESCC.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients with internal mammary and/or supraclavicular lymph node recurrence without distant metastasis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Inari ◽  
Natsuki Teruya ◽  
Miki Kishi ◽  
Rie Horii ◽  
Futoshi Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
Internal Mammary ◽  
First Recurrence

Abstract Background Internal mammary and/or supraclavicular (IM–SC) lymph node (LN) recurrence without distant metastasis (DM) in patients with breast cancer is rare, and there have been few reports on its clinical outcomes. Methods We enrolled 4237 patients with clinical stage I–IIIC breast cancer treated between January 2007 and December 2012. Clinicopathological features of patients with IM–SC LN recurrence and patients with DM were retrospectively reviewed. Results With a median follow-up time 78 (range, 13–125) months after the primary operation, 14 (0.3%) had IM–SC LN recurrence without DM and 274 (6.5%) had DM at the first recurrence among 4237 patients. No statistical differences were found in the baseline characteristics of the primary tumor between the two groups. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate after recurrence in patients with IM–SC LN recurrence was 51% compared with 27% in patients with DM (P = 0.040). In patients with IM–SC LN recurrence, clinically positive axillary LN at diagnosis and pathologically positive axillary LN at primary surgery were poor prognostic factors for distant disease-free survival (DDFS) (P = 0.004 and 0.007, respectively). Clinical and pathological axillary nodal status at primary surgery was associated with OS (P = 0.011 and 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Patients with IM–SC LN recurrence without DM who had no clinical and pathological axillary LNs involved at primary surgery had a favorable prognosis. A larger validation study is required.

scholarly journals The sentinel node invasion level (SNIL) as a prognostic parameter in melanoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Kretschmer ◽  
Christina Mitteldorf ◽  
Simin Hellriegel ◽  
Andreas Leha ◽  
Alexander Fichtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Nodal Basin ◽  
Lymph Vessels ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Metastasis Patterns ◽  
Transverse Sinuses

AbstractSentinel lymph node (SN) tumor burden is becoming increasingly important and is likely to be included in future N classifications in melanoma. Our aim was to investigate the prognostic significance of melanoma infiltration of various anatomically defined lymph node substructures. This retrospective cohort study included 1250 consecutive patients with SN biopsy. The pathology protocol required description of metastatic infiltration of each of the following lymph node substructures: intracapsular lymph vessels, subcapsular and transverse sinuses, cortex, paracortex, medulla, and capsule. Within the SN with the highest tumor burden, the SN invasion level (SNIL) was defined as follows: SNIL 1 = melanoma cells confined to intracapsular lymph vessels, subcapsular or transverse sinuses; SNIL 2 = melanoma infiltrating the cortex or paracortex; SNIL 3 = melanoma infiltrating the medulla or capsule. We classified 338 SN-positive patients according to the non-metric SNIL. Using Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox models, recurrence-free survival (RFS), melanoma-specific survival (MSS) and nodal basin recurrence rates were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 75 months. The SNIL divided the SN-positive population into three groups with significantly different RFS, MSS, and nodal basin recurrence probabilities. The MSS of patients with SNIL 1 was virtually identical to that of SN-negative patients, whereas outgrowth of the metastasis from the parenchyma into the fibrous capsule or the medulla of the lymph node indicated a very poor prognosis. Thus, the SNIL may help to better assess the benefit-risk ratio of adjuvant therapies in patients with different SN metastasis patterns.

scholarly journals The Value of Alkaline Phosphatase-to-Albumin Ratio in Detecting Synchronous Metastases and Predicting Postoperative Relapses among Patients with Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Zhou ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Xu Han ◽  
Tiantao Kuang ◽  
Xuefeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Albumin Ratio ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Synchronous Metastases ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Synchronous Distant Metastasis

Backgrounds. Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (pNEN) is a highly heterogeneous entity, presenting widely varied biological behavior as well as long-term prognosis. Reliable biomarkers are urgently needed to make risk stratifications for pNEN patients, which could be beneficial to the development of individualized therapeutic strategy in the clinical practice. Here, we aimed to evaluate the predictive and prognostic roles of serum alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio (APAR) in well-differentiated pNEN patients. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the pathologically confirmed grade 1/2 pNEN patients, who were originally treated in our hospital from February 2008 to April 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the value of APAR in detecting synchronous metastases and predicting relapses following curative resections. Results. A total of 170 eligible cases were included into analysis. Logistic univariate analysis indicated APAR (P=0.002) was significantly associated with synchronous distant metastasis among well-differentiated pNEN patients, which was further demonstrated to be an independent risk factor by multivariate analysis (odds ratio 8.127, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.105–31.372, P=0.002). For the prognostic value, APAR (P=0.007) was statistically associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) in nonmetastatic resected pNEN patients, but it was not an independent predictor. Further subgroup analysis showed that APAR was independently related to RFS in patients with no nerve (hazard ratio (HR) 7.685, 95% CI 1.433–41.209, P=0.017) or vascular invasion (HR 4.789, 95% CI 1.241–18.473, P=0.023), respectively. Conclusion. APAR may work as a convenient pretreatment marker to detect synchronous distant metastasis for well-differentiated pNEN patients and predict recurrences for curatively resected cases without nerve or vascular invasion. However, these findings should be further verified in prospectively well-designed studies.

scholarly journals The role of microvessel density, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size as prognostic factors of distant metastasis in colorectal cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 4327-4333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonari Cho ◽  
Eisuke Shiozawa ◽  
Fumihiko Urushibara ◽  
Nana Arai ◽  
Toshitaka Funaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Node Metastasis

scholarly journals Development of Nomograms for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis and Distant Metastasis in Newly Diagnosed T1-2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Qi ◽  
Shuangshuang Wu ◽  
Linghui Tao ◽  
Yunfu Shi ◽  
Wenjuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Node Metastasis

BackgroundFor different lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM), the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of T1-2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are different. It is essential to figure out the risk factors and establish prediction models related to LNM and DM.MethodsBased on the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database from 1973 to 2015, a total of 43,156 eligible T1-2 NSCLC patients were enrolled in the retrospective study. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of LNM and DM. Risk factors were applied to construct the nomograms of LNM and DM. The predictive nomograms were discriminated against and evaluated by Concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots, respectively. Decision curve analysis (DCAs) was accepted to measure the clinical application of the nomogram. Cumulative incidence function (CIF) was performed further to detect the prognostic role of LNM and DM in NSCLC-specific death (NCSD).ResultsEight factors (age at diagnosis, race, sex, histology, T-stage, marital status, tumor size, and grade) were significant in predicting LNM and nine factors (race, sex, histology, T-stage, N-stage, marital status, tumor size, grade, and laterality) were important in predicting DM(all, P&lt; 0.05). The calibration curves displayed that the prediction nomograms were effective and discriminative, of which the C-index were 0.723 and 0.808. The DCAs and clinical impact curves exhibited that the prediction nomograms were clinically effective.ConclusionsThe newly constructed nomograms can objectively and accurately predict LNM and DM in patients suffering from T1-2 NSCLC, which may help clinicians make individual clinical decisions before clinical management.

scholarly journals The clinical significance of preoperative serum fibrinogen levels and platelet counts in patients with gallbladder carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Cao ◽  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Liang-Yi Zhou ◽  
Yan-Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Tnm Stage ◽  
Tumor Depth ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Level Group

Abstract Background Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) was the most common malignancy of biliary tract. Patients with malignancies frequently present with activated coagulation pathways, which might potentially related to tumor progression and prognosis. The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical significance of preoperative serum fibrinogen levels and platelet counts in GBC patients. Methods The preoperative fasting serum fibrinogen levels and platelet counts of 58 patients with GBC were measured by AUV2700 automatic biochemical analyzer, as well as 60 patients with cholesterol polyps and 60 healthy volunteers. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was applied to show the correction between fibrinogen levels and outcome after surgery. Results The fibrinogen levels of patients with GBC were significantly higher than healthy gallbladder and cholesterol polyp of gallbladder (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). In GBC, fibrinogen levels were associated with tumor depth (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.002), distant metastasis (p < 0.001) and Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage (p < 0.001). The levels in TNM stage IV disease were significantly higher than stage III or stage I + II disease (p = 0.048 and p < 0.001, respectively), and in TNM stage III disease were significantly higher than stage I + II disease (p = 0.002). Furthermore, the overall survival was better in low fibrinogen level group than in high fibrinogen level group (p < 0.001). However, thrombocytosis was not significantly associated with overall survivals (p > 0.05) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions The preoperative serum fibrinogen levels and platelet counts might be reliable biomarkers for the occurance of disease, tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and advanced TNM stage in patients with GBC. The serum fibrinogen levels might be a prognostic factor to predict outcome for GBC patients suffering from surgery treatment. Anticoagulation therapy might be considered to control cancer progression in future studies.

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