The Glenohumeral Ligaments: Superior, Middle and Inferior: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Injury and Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice JS Fox ◽  
Olivia JK Fox ◽  
Michael O. Schär ◽  
Salma Chaudhury ◽  
Russell F. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glenohumeral Ligaments

scholarly journals Rotator Interval Lesion and Damaged Subscapularis Tendon Repair in a High School Baseball Player

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Muto ◽  
Hiroki Ninomiya ◽  
Hiroaki Inui ◽  
Masahiko Komai ◽  
Katsuya Nobuhara
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Subscapularis Tendon ◽  
Rotator Interval ◽  
Glenohumeral Ligaments ◽  
Limited Range Of Motion ◽  
Arthroscopic Examination ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
One Year

In 2013, a 16-year-old baseball pitcher visited Nobuhara Hospital complaining of shoulder pain and limited range of motion in his throwing shoulder. High signal intensity in the rotator interval (RI) area (ball sign), injured subscapularis tendon, and damage to both the superior and middle glenohumeral ligaments were identified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Repair of the RI lesion and partially damaged subscapularis tendon was performed in this pitcher. During surgery, an opened RI and dropping of the subscapularis tendon were observed. The RI was closed in a 90° externally rotated and abducted position. To reconfirm the exact repaired state of the patient, arthroscopic examination was performed from behind. However, suture points were not visible in the >30° externally rotated position, which indicates that the RI could not be correctly repaired with the arthroscopic procedure. One year after surgery, the patient obtained full function of the shoulder and returned to play at a national convention. Surgical repair of the RI lesion should be performed in exactly the correct position of the upper extremity.

scholarly journals Anatomy and Biomechanic of the Shoulder

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11_suppl6) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0046
Author(s):  
Troydimas Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Humeral Head ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Subscapularis Tendon ◽  
Glenoid Fossa ◽  
Greater Tuberosity ◽  
Glenohumeral Ligaments ◽  
Shoulder Complex

The shoulder is one of the most complex joints of the human body. Consequently, they are susceptible to injury and degeneration. Mechanical shoulder pathology typically results when overuse, extremes of motion, or excessive forces overwhelm intrinsic material properties of the shoulder complex resulting in tears of the rotator cuff, capsule, and labrum. The fundamental central component of the shoulder complex is the glenohumeral joint. It has a ball-and-socket configuration with a surface area ratio of the humeral head to glenoid fossa of about 3:1 with an appearance similar to a golf ball on a tee. Overall, there is minimal bony covering and limited contact areas that allow extensive translational and rotational ability in all three planes. The glenohumeral joint has 2 groups of stabilizers, which are static (passive) and dynamic (active) restrains. Static stabilizers include the concavity of the glenoid fossa, glenoid fossa retroversion and superior angulation, glenoid labrum, the joint capsule, and glenohumeral ligaments, and a vacuum effect from negative intra-articular pressure. Dynamic stabilization is merely the coordinated contraction of the rotator cuff muscles that create forces that compress the articular surfaces of the humeral head into the concave surface of the glenoid fossa. During upper extremity movement, the effects of static stabilizers are minimized and dynamic or active stabilizers become the dominant forces responsible for glenohumeral stability The simple act of arm elevation is a complex task that occurs via the combination of glenohumeral and scapulothoracic motion, together known as scapulohumeral rhythm. In the first 1200, glenohumeral arm abduction, the supraspinatus and deltoid work together and create a force couple that promotes stability, while raising the arm (deltoid contraction). In addition, the humerus must undergo 450 external rotation to not only clear the greater tuberosity posteriorly but also loosen the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) to allow maximum elevation. There are several anatomical updates regarding the rotator cuff and capsular footprint. The footprint of the supraspinatus on the greater tuberosity is much smaller than previously believed, and this area of the greater tuberosity is actually occupied by a substantial amount of the infraspinatus. The superior-most insertion of the subscapularis tendon extends a thin tendinous slip, which attaches to the fovea capitis of the humerus. The teres minor muscle inserts to the lowest impression of the greater tuberosity of the humerus and additionally inserts to the posterior side of the surgical neck of the humerus.

Development of a Patient-Specific Computer Model of Glenohumeral Capsular Plication and Shoulder Instability

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Yongpravat ◽  
Adriana M. Urruela ◽  
William N. Levine ◽  
Louis U. Bigliani ◽  
Thomas R. Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Shoulder Instability ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Joint Laxity ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Capsular Plication ◽  
Glenohumeral Ligaments ◽  
Shoulder Kinematics ◽  
The Ideal

Shoulder dislocations occur when the humeral head translates over the edge of the glenoid socket of the scapula, permanently stretching the capsular ligaments. This injury of the capsular tissue results in pathological joint laxity which is a major contributor to recurrent dislocations and is a key feature of shoulder instability. The ideal surgical parameters to correct this pathology have yet to be established due to a lack of understanding of how shoulder kinematics and capsular mechanics are affected by different surgical procedures. To address this knowledge gap, we developed patient-specific computer models of the shoulder which include anatomically accurate models of the capsule. The purpose of this study was to simulate capsular plication of the glenohumeral ligaments and to evaluate the effect different degrees of plication had on glenohumeral joint laxity and rotation.

Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Using Extracapsular Suture Between the Glenohumeral Ligaments and Subscapularis Tendon (BLS Technique)

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Brzoska ◽  
Adrian Blasiak ◽  
Waldemar Hldaki ◽  
Jonathan J. Streit ◽  
Bruno Toussaint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bankart Repair ◽  
Subscapularis Tendon ◽  
Arthroscopic Bankart Repair ◽  
Glenohumeral Ligaments

Humeral Avulsion of Glenohumeral Ligaments

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. George ◽  
Michael Khazzam ◽  
John E. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Glenohumeral Ligaments

Erratum to: Functional study of glenohumeral ligaments

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Lamberto Felli ◽  
Luca Biglieni ◽  
Michele Fiore ◽  
Matteo Coviello ◽  
Roberto Borri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Study ◽  
Glenohumeral Ligaments
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