Anatomical study of the zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve: Application to facial reanimation procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kehrer ◽  
Simon Engelmann ◽  
Marc Ruewe ◽  
Sebastian Geis ◽  
Christian Taeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Facial Reanimation ◽  
Buccal Branches

scholarly journals An Anatomical study for localisation of Zygomatic branch of Facial nerve and Masseteric nerve – An aid to nerve coaptation for facial reanimation surgery: A cadaver based study in Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (01) ◽  
pp. 074-078
Author(s):  
Ratnadeep Poddar ◽  
Alipta Bhattacharya ◽  
Iman Sinha ◽  
Asis Kumar Ghosal
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Circular Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Reanimation ◽  
Masseteric Nerve

ABSTRACT Context: In cases of chronic facial palsy, where direct neurotisation is possible, ipsilateral masseteric nerve is a very suitable motor donor. We have tried to specifically locate the masseteric nerve for this purpose. Aims: Describing an approach of localisation and exposure of both the zygomatic branch of Facial nerve and the nerve to masseter, with respect to a soft tissue reference point over face. Settings and Design: Observational cross sectional study, conducted on 12 fresh cadavers. Subjects and Methods: A curved incision was given, passing about 0.5cms in front of the tragal cartilage. A reference point “R” was pointed out. The zygomatic branch of facial nerve and masseteric nerve were dissected out and their specific locations were recorded from fixed reference points with help of copper wire and slide callipers. Statistical Analysis Used: Central Tendency measurements and Unpaired “t” test. Results: Zygomatic branch of the Facial nerve was located within a small circular area of radius 1 cm, the centre of which lies at a distance of 1.1 cms (±0.4cm) in males and 0.2cm (±0.1cm) in females from the point, ‘R’, in a vertical (coronal) plane. The nerve to masseter was noted to lie within a circular area of 1 cm radius, the centre of which was at a distance of 2.5cms (±0.4cm) and 1.7cms (±0.2cm) from R, in male and female cadavers, respectively. Finally, Masseteric nerve's depth, from the masseteric surface was found to be 1cm (±0.1cm; male) and 0.8cm (±0.1cm; female). Conclusions: This novel approach can reduce the post operative cosmetic morbidity and per-operative complications of facial reanimation surgery.

Anatomical Study of the Extracranial Segment of the Facial Nerve: Preliminary Results

Skull Base ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (S 02) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Papakostas ◽  
J. Xenelis ◽  
A. Parashos ◽  
S. Anagnostopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Preliminary Results

scholarly journals Long-term results of microvascular free-tissue transfer reanimation of the paralyzed face: Three cases

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
John P. Leonetti ◽  
Chad A. Zender ◽  
Daryl Vandevender ◽  
Sam J. Marzo
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Free Tissue Transfer ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Facial Movement ◽  
Tissue Transfer ◽  
Facial Reanimation

We conducted a retrospective case review at our tertiary care academic medical center to assess the long-term results of microvascular free-tissue transfer to achieve facial reanimation in 3 patients. These patients had undergone wide-field parotidectomy with facial nerve resection. Upper facial reanimation was accomplished with a proximal facial nerve–sural nerve graft, and lower facial movement was achieved through proximal facial nerve–long thoracic (serratus muscle) nerve anastomosis. Outcomes were determined by grading postoperative facial nerve function according to the House-Brackmann system. All 3 patients were able to close their eyes independent of lower facial movement, and all 3 had achieved House-Brackmann grade III function. We conclude that reanimating the paralyzed face with microvascular free-tissue transfer provides anatomic coverage and mimetic function after wide-field parotidectomy. Synkinesis is reduced by separating upper-and lower-division reanimation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Facial Reanimation Procedures Performed Concurrently With Total Parotidectomy and Facial Nerve Sacrifice

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nina Lu ◽  
Mark R. Villwock ◽  
Clinton D. Humphrey ◽  
J. David Kriet ◽  
Andrés M. Bur
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Reanimation ◽  
Total Parotidectomy

Anatomical study of the variations in innervation of the orbicularis oculi by the facial nerve

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ouattara ◽  
C. Vacher ◽  
J.-J. Accioli de Vasconcellos ◽  
S. Kassanyou ◽  
G. Gnanazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of a Patient with Bell’s Palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 1551-1554
Author(s):  
Vrushali K. Athawale ◽  
Dushyant P. Bawiskar ◽  
Pratik Arun Phansopkar
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Facial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Facial Reanimation ◽  
Simplex Virus

Facial nerve palsy is the disease of cranial nerve. From the total number of cases, 60 to 75 % of Bell's palsy cases are idiopathic form of facial palsy. Facial nerve palsy results in weakness of facial muscles, atrophy, asymmetry of face and also disturbs the quality of life. Bell’s palsy occurs in every class of population affecting people of all the age groups but the most common age group affected is 15 - 50 years with equal sex prediliction accounting 11 - 40 cases per 100,000. If facial palsy is not treated properly then it may result in variety of complications like motor synkinesis, dysarthria, contractures of facial muscles, and crocodile tear. Currently facial paralysis treatment consists of combination of pharmacological therapy, facial neuromuscular re-entrainment physiotherapy or surgical intervention by static and dynamic facial reanimation techniques. Physiotherapy treatment is effective for treating facial paralysis with minimal complications and can be individualized. Bell's palsy is the idiopathic form of facial nerve palsy which accounts for 60 to 75 % of cases and male to female ratio is 1:3.1 The aetiology of facial paralysis is not yet thoroughly understood. Cases of varicella-zoster, mononucleosis, herpes simplex virus, mumps and measles have demonstrated good serology in several reports for their association but still stands unclear. 2 Peripheral facial nerve palsy may be idiopathic (primary cause) or Bell’s palsy (secondary). Causes of the secondary unilateral facial nerve palsy are diabetes, stroke, Hansen's disease, herpes simplex infection, birth injury, trauma, tumour, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and immune system disorders. Causes of the bilateral facial nerve palsy are leukemia, brainstem encephalitis, leprosy, and meningitis. The most prominent current theories of facial nerve paralysis pathophysiology include the reactivation of herpes simplex virus infection (HSV type 1). Current facial paralysis treatment consists of a combination of pharmacological therapy, facial neuromuscular re-entrainment physiotherapy or surgical intervention by dynamic and static facial reanimation techniques.7 This is a diagnosed case of right facial nerve palsy which was treated under physiotherapy department with proper rehabilitation protocol.

scholarly journals Facial reanimation by hypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Yvens Barbosa Fernandes ◽  
Ricardo Ramina ◽  
Hélio Sérgio Fernandes Cyrino ◽  
Marcílio Silva Prôa Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Surgical Results ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Facial Reanimation ◽  
Radical Removal ◽  
One Year

Abstract Objective: Facial palsy may still occur after removal of large vestibular schwannomas. The aim of this paper is to describe the outcome of patients submitted to facial reanimation and make a concise revision about modern techniques available to reanimate a paralyzed face. Methods: A retrospective study of was performed about the surgical results of 12 patients submitted to hypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy. These patients were submitted to radical removal of large vestibular schwannomas (> 3 cm) before and anatomic preservation of the facial nerve was not possible. Results: In 10 cases (83%) patients had a good outcome with House-Brackmann facial grading III. In two other cases the facial grading was IV and VI. All patients were follow-up for at least one year after the reanimation procedure. Conclusion: Hypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy is a very useful technique to restore facial symmetry and minimize the sequela of a paralyzed face. Long last palsy seemed to be the main reason of poor outcome in two cases.

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