Location of the motor entry point and intramuscular motor point of the tibialis posterior muscle: For effective motor point block

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-Hun Lee ◽  
Be-Na Lee ◽  
Xiaochun An ◽  
Rak-Hee Chung ◽  
Seung-Ho Han
Keyword(s):  
Entry Point ◽  
Tibialis Posterior ◽  
Motor Point ◽  
Motor Entry Point

scholarly journals Proof of concept for multiple nerve transfers to a single target muscle

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Luft ◽  
Johanna Klepetko ◽  
Silvia Muceli ◽  
Jaime Ibáñez ◽  
Vlad Tereshenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Prosthetic Control ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Nerve Transfers ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Motor Entry Point ◽  
Long Head

Surgical nerve transfers are used to efficiently treat peripheral nerve injuries, neuromas, phantom limb pain or improve bionic prosthetic control. Commonly, one donor nerve is transferred to one target muscle. However, the transfer of multiple nerves onto a single target muscle may increase the number of muscle signals for myoelectric prosthetic control and facilitate the treatment of multiple neuromas. Currently, no experimental models are available for multiple nerve transfers to a common target muscle in the upper extremity. This study describes a novel experimental model to investigate the neurophysiological effects of peripheral double nerve transfers. For this purpose, we developed a forelimb model to enable tension-free transfer of one or two donor nerves in the upper extremity. Anatomic dissections were performed to design the double nerve transfer model (n=8). In 62 male Sprague-Dawley rats the ulnar nerve of the antebrachium alone (n=30) or together with the anterior interosseus nerve (n=32) was transferred to reinnervate the long head of the biceps brachii. Before neurotization, the motor branch to the biceps’ long head was transected at the motor entry point and resected up to its original branch to prevent auto-reinnervation. In all animals, coaptation of both nerves to the motor entry point could be performed tension-free. Mean duration of the procedure was 49 ± 13 min for the single nerve transfer and 78 ± 20 min for the double nerve transfer. Twelve weeks after surgery, muscle response to neurotomy, behavioral testing, retrograde labeling and structural analyses were performed to assess reinnervation. These analyses indicated that all nerves successfully reinnervated the target muscle. No aberrant reinnervation was observed by the originally innervating nerve. Our observations suggest a minimal burden for the animal with no signs of functional deficit in daily activities or auto-mutilation in both procedures. Furthermore, standard neurophysiological analyses for nerve and muscle regeneration were applicable. This newly developed nerve transfer model allows for the reliable and standardized investigation of neural and functional changes following the transfer of multiple donor nerves to one target muscle.

Anatomical localization of the motor entry point in the thyroarytenoid muscle

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Yeon Kim ◽  
Dae Heon Song ◽  
Myung Eun Chung
Keyword(s):  
Entry Point ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
Motor Entry Point ◽  
Thyroarytenoid Muscle

Anatomic localization of motor entry point of superficial peroneal nerve to peroneus longus and brevis muscles

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-Hun Lee ◽  
Be-Na Lee ◽  
Xiaochun An ◽  
Rak-Hee Chung ◽  
Seong-Oh Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Superficial Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Peroneus Longus ◽  
Motor Entry Point ◽  
Anatomic Localization

Defining A Safe Entry Point for a Sacral Screw in Lateral Plating in Feline Ilial Fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (S 02) ◽  
pp. A1-A25
Author(s):  
Philipp Schmierer ◽  
Sebastian Knell ◽  
Emanuelle Castelli ◽  
Antonio Pozzi
Keyword(s):  
Entry Point ◽  
Lateral Plating

JOHN LOUIS ESPOSITO TENTANG DIALOG PERADABAN ISLAM-BARAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh. Salman Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
The West ◽  
Strong Bond ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to provide explanation about John Louis Esposito’s insights on therelationship between Islam and The West. The relationship is a fluctuative one, some tensionsand even open conflict may occur. Some events become the entry point to the relationship, forinstance, the crusades that is not only happened physically but also, through this war, the meetingbetween Islam and The West establishes inter cultural dialogue among them.John Louis Esposito’s views on the relationship between Islam and The West ispositioned in view of some Muslim intellectuals and orientalists to emphasize its originality. Theintellectual positions do not put it on pros or cons side in the context of the relationship betweenIslam and The West.Historically, the relationship between Islam and The West actually has a theologicallystrong bond that there is common ground and similarities between Islam and The West. Islamand The west are inherited with Jewish and Christian traditions. Islam like Christianity andJudaism are religions ‘of the sky’ that are allied in Abrahamic religions. Therefore, according toJohn L. Esposito, based on historical fact, there were a real strong bond between Islam and theWest and it started centuries ago .

Convergent Total Synthesis of Principinol D, a Rearranged Kaurane Diterpenoid

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Newhouse ◽  
Aneta Turlik ◽  
Yifeng Chen ◽  
Anthony Scruse
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Ketone Reduction ◽  
Coupling Approach

<div> <p>The total synthesis of principinol D, a rearranged kaurane diterpenoid, is reported. This grayanane natural product is constructed via a convergent fragment coupling approach, wherein the central 7-membered ring is synthesized at a late stage. The bicyclo[3.2.1]octane fragment is accessed by a Ni-catalyzed α-vinylation reaction. Strategic reductions include a diastereoselective SmI<sub>2</sub>-mediated ketone reduction with PhSH and a new protocol for selective ester reduction in the presence of ketones. The convergent strategy reported herein may be an entry point to the larger class of kaurane diterpenoids.</p> </div>

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