scholarly journals Activity in primary motor cortex during action observation covaries with subsequent behavioral changes in execution

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadav Aridan ◽  
Roy Mukamel
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Behavioral Changes

scholarly journals Muscle-specific modulation of indirect inputs to primary motor cortex during action observation

2020 ◽  
Vol 238 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1735-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Loredana Cretu ◽  
Kathy L. Ruddy ◽  
Alain Post ◽  
Nicole Wenderoth
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Action Observation

scholarly journals Noise-Correlation Is Modulated by Reward Expectation in the Primary Motor Cortex Bilaterally During Manual and Observational Tasks in Primates

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Moore ◽  
Sheng Khang ◽  
Joseph Thachil Francis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Noise Correlation ◽  
Information Channel ◽  
Qualitative Response ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Target Center

Reward modulation is represented in the motor cortex (M1) and could be used to implement more accurate decoding models to improve brain-computer interfaces (BCIs; Zhao et al., 2018). Analyzing trial-to-trial noise-correlations between neural units in the presence of rewarding (R) and non-rewarding (NR) stimuli adds to our understanding of cortical network dynamics. We utilized Pearson’s correlation coefficient to measure shared variability between simultaneously recorded units (32–112) and found significantly higher noise-correlation and positive correlation between the populations’ signal- and noise-correlation during NR trials as compared to R trials. This pattern is evident in data from two non-human primates (NHPs) during single-target center out reaching tasks, both manual and action observation versions. We conducted a mean matched noise-correlation analysis to decouple known interactions between event-triggered firing rate changes and neural correlations. Isolated reward discriminatory units demonstrated stronger correlational changes than units unresponsive to reward firing rate modulation, however, the qualitative response was similar, indicating correlational changes within the network as a whole can serve as another information channel to be exploited by BCIs that track the underlying cortical state, such as reward expectation, or attentional modulation. Reward expectation and attention in return can be utilized with reinforcement learning (RL) towards autonomous BCI updating.

scholarly journals The Activation of the Mirror Neuron System during Action Observation and Action Execution with Mirror Visual Feedback in Stroke: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack J. Q. Zhang ◽  
Kenneth N. K. Fong ◽  
Nandana Welage ◽  
Karen P. Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Action Execution ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
Mu Suppression ◽  
Mirror Visual Feedback

Objective. To evaluate the concurrent and training effects of action observation (AO) and action execution with mirror visual feedback (MVF) on the activation of the mirror neuron system (MNS) and its relationship with the activation of the motor cortex in stroke individuals. Methods. A literature search using CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, and SCOPUS to find relevant studies was performed. Results. A total of 19 articles were included. Two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reported that MVF could activate the ipsilesional primary motor cortex as well as the MNS in stroke individuals, whereas two other fMRI studies found that the MNS was not activated by MVF in stroke individuals. Two clinical trials reported that long-term action execution with MVF induced a shift of activation toward the ipsilesional hemisphere. Five fMRI studies showed that AO activated the MNS, of which, three found the activation of movement-related areas. Five electroencephalography (EEG) studies demonstrated that AO or MVF enhanced mu suppression over the sensorimotor cortex. Conclusions. MVF may contribute to stroke recovery by revising the interhemispheric imbalance caused by stroke due to the activation of the MNS. AO may also promote motor relearning in stroke individuals by activating the MNS and motor cortex.

scholarly journals Occlusion of LTP-Like Plasticity in Human Primary Motor Cortex by Action Observation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e38754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Lepage ◽  
Olivier Morin-Moncet ◽  
Vincent Beaulé ◽  
Louis de Beaumont ◽  
Francois Champoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Action Observation

Effect of tactile stimulation on primary motor cortex excitability during action observation combined with motor imagery

2015 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Tanaka ◽  
Shinji Kubota ◽  
Yusuke Onmyoji ◽  
Masato Hirano ◽  
Kazumasa Uehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Motor Cortex Excitability

P108 Combining action observation with kinesthetic illusion of movement shapes primary motor cortex plasticity

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. e71-e72
Author(s):  
A. Bisio ◽  
L. Avanzino ◽  
M. Biggio ◽  
P. Canepa ◽  
P. Ruggeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Kinesthetic Illusion ◽  
Motor Cortex Plasticity
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