scholarly journals RORA and posttraumatic stress trajectories: main effects and interactions with childhood physical abuse history

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Lowe ◽  
Jacquelyn L. Meyers ◽  
Sandro Galea ◽  
Allison E. Aiello ◽  
Monica Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
Abuse History ◽  
Main Effects

The Correlation of Childhood Physical Abuse History and Later Abuse in a Group of Turkish Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 3455-3475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Caykoylu ◽  
Aslihan O. İbiloglu ◽  
Yasemen Taner ◽  
Nihan Potas ◽  
Ender Taner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
Abuse History ◽  
Psychological States

Domestic violence is passed from one generation to the next, and it affects not only the victim but also the psychological states of the witnesses, and especially the psychosocial development of children. Studies have reported that those who have been the victim of or witnessing violence during their childhood will use violence to a greater extent as adults in their own families. This research examines the relationships between a history of childhood physical abuse, likelihood of psychiatric diagnoses, and potential for being a perpetrator of childhood physical abuse in adulthood among women who received psychiatric treatment and in the healthy population from Turkey. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood physical abuse vary depending on definition and setting. The frequency of witnessing and undergoing physical abuse within the family during childhood is much higher in the psychiatrically disordered group than the healthy controls. Childhood physical abuse history is one of the major risk factors for being an abuser in adulthood. The best indicator of physically abusing one’s own children was found to be as physical abuse during the childhood period rather than psychiatric diagnosis. There is a large body of research indicating that adults who have been abused as children are more likely to abuse their own children than adults without this history. This is an important study from the point of view that consequences of violence can span generations. Further studies with different risk factor and populations will help to identify different dimensions of the problem.

scholarly journals Disentangling sex differences in the shared genetic architecture of posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic experiences, and social support with body size and composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Muniz Carvalho ◽  
Frank R. Wendt ◽  
Gita A. Pathak ◽  
Adam X. Maihofer ◽  
Dan J. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
Fat Percentage

AbstractThere is a well-known association of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic experiences with body size and composition, including consistent differences between sexes. However, the biology underlying these associations is unclear. To understand this complex relationship, we investigated large-scale datasets from the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium (12 823 cases and 35 648 controls), the UK Biobank (up to 360 000 individuals), and the GIANT (Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits) Consortium (up to 339 224 individuals). We used genome-wide association statistics to estimate sex-specific genetic correlations (rg) among PTSD, traumatic experiences, social support, and multiple anthropometric traits. After multiple testing corrections (false discovery rate, FDR q<0.05), we observed 58 significant rg relationships in females (e.g., childhood physical abuse and body mass index, BMI rg=0.245, p=3.88×10−10) and 21 significant rg relationships in males (e.g., been involved in combat or exposed to warzone and leg fat percentage; rg=0.405, p=4.42×10−10). We performed causal inference analyses of these genetic overlaps using Mendelian randomization and latent causal variable approaches. Multiple female-specific putative causal relationships were observed linking body composition/size with PTSD (e.g., leg fat percentage➔PTSD; beta=0.319, p=3.13×10−9), traumatic experiences (e.g., childhood physical abuse➔waist circumference; beta=0.055, p=5.07×10−4), and childhood neglect (e.g., “someone to take you to doctor when needed as a child”➔BMI; beta=-0.594, p=1.09×10−5). In males, we observed putative causal effects linking anthropometric-trait genetic liabilities to traumatic experiences (e.g., BMI➔childhood physical abuse; beta=0.028, p=8.19×10−3). In conclusion, our findings provide insights regarding sex-specific causal networks linking anthropometric traits to PTSD, traumatic experiences, and social support.

Childhood Physical Abuse in Relation to Adult Social Functioning and Social Anxiety

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica R. Litteken ◽  
Laura Pawlow ◽  
Andy Pomerantz ◽  
Dan Segrist
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse

Characteristics of Childhood Physical Abuse Among Survivors in Therapy

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsey N. Karns ◽  
Coral Gaffney ◽  
Sarah Goldstein ◽  
Siddika Mulchan ◽  
Jacqueline Kerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse

Factors Influencing School Counselors’ Suspecting and Reporting of Childhood Physical Abuse: Investigating Child, Parent, School, and Abuse Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1096-2409-19.1. ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Tillman ◽  
Michael D. Prazak ◽  
Lauren Burrier ◽  
Sadie Miller ◽  
Max Benezra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
School Counselor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Subject Variables ◽  
Abuse Characteristics ◽  
Involved Parents

This study sought to explore possible child abuse reporting disparities among school counselors. The participants in this study were elementary school counselors (N = 398) from across the United States. Each participant read a series of vignettes and completed a survey regarding their inclinations about suspecting and reporting childhood physical abuse. The surveys manipulated the following variables: student race, family socioeconomic status (between-subject variables), relationship with the school counselor, and severity of abuse (within-subject variables). School counselors were found to be more likely to suspect defensive parents of abuse than cooperative or non-involved parents. School counselors were also less likely to suspect abuse when a child reported being hit without physical evidence than if a child had a bruised or broken arm. Last, school counselors were more likely to report a child with a bruised arm over a child who reported being hit without physical evidence. Although certain concerns emerged as a result of this study and all signs of abuse should be reported to the appropriate authorities, school counselors were more likely, across the board, to report abuse than to suspect abuse.

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