scholarly journals The impact of TMS‐enhanced cognitive control on forgiveness processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz J. Maier ◽  
David Rosenbaum ◽  
Martin Brüne ◽  
Andreas J. Fallgatter ◽  
Ann‐Christine Ehlis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
The Impact

Genetic Variation of Serotonin Function and Cognitive Control

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1923-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Strobel ◽  
Gesine Dreisbach ◽  
Johannes Müller ◽  
Thomas Goschke ◽  
Burkhard Brocke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Continuous Performance Task ◽  
Performance Task ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Personality

Although it is widely accepted that serotonin plays a pivotal role in the modulation of anxiety- and depression-related personality traits as well as in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders and depression, the role of serotonin in cognition is less clear. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of serotonin in cognitive behaviors by examining the impact of genetic variation in key regulators of serotonergic neurotransmission on behavioral measures in a cognitive control task. Eighty-five healthy participants performed a cued continuous performance task (the AX Continuous Performance Task [AXCPT]) and were genotyped for polymorphisms in the transcriptional control regions of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene (TPH2 G-703T; rs4570625) and the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). The core result was that individuals lacking the rare TPH2 T allele were not faster than T allele carriers, but committed fewer errors and were less variable in responding. These findings parallel those of a recent study where an enhancement of executive control in individuals without the rare TPH2 T/T genotype was observed. Together with recent evidence that individuals without the T allele exhibit higher scores in anxiety- and depression-related personality traits, our results underscore the role of the TPH2 G-703T polymorphism in the modulation of behavior and raise the intriguing possibility that genetic variants associated with higher negative emotionality may have beneficial effects on some cognitive functions.

The Impact of Loving-Kindness Meditation on Affective Learning and Cognitive Control

Mindfulness ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Hunsinger ◽  
Robert Livingston ◽  
Linda Isbell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Affective Learning ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Preprint: The impact of cognitive control, incentives, and working memory load on the P3 responses of externalizing prisoners

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arielle Baskin–Sommers ◽  
Elizabeth A. Krusemark ◽  
John Joseph Curtin ◽  
Christopher Lee ◽  
Aleice Vujnovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
P3 Amplitude ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Process Level ◽  
Global Reduction ◽  
Back Task

The P3 amplitude reduction is one of the most common correlates of externalizing. However, few studies have used experimental manipulations designed to challenge different cognitive functions in order to clarify the processes that impact this reduction. To examine factors moderating P3 amplitude in trait externalizing, we administered an n-back task that manipulated cognitive control demands, working memory load, and incentives to a sample of male offenders. Offenders with high trait externalizing scores did not display a global reduction in P3 amplitude. Rather, the negative association between trait externalizing and P3 amplitude was specific to trials involving inhibition of a dominant response during infrequent stimuli, in the context of low working memory load, and incentives for performance. In addition, we discuss the potential implications of these findings for externalizing-related psychopathologies. The results complement and expand previous work on the process-level dysfunction contributing to externalizing-related deficits in P3.

scholarly journals Language switching training modulates the neural network of non-linguistic cognitive control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0247100
Author(s):  
Mo Chen ◽  
Fengyang Ma ◽  
Zhaoqi Zhang ◽  
Shuhua Li ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
The Impact

Bilingual language experience, such as switching between languages, has been shown to shape both cognitive and neural mechanisms of non-linguistic cognitive control. However, the neural adaptations induced by language switching remain unclear. Using fMRI, the current study examined the impact of short-term language switching training on the neural network of domain-general cognitive control for unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals. Effective connectivity maps were constructed by using the extended unified structural equation models (euSEM) within 10 common brain regions involved in both language control and domain-general cognitive control. Results showed that, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplementary motor area (dACC/pre-SMA) lost connection from the right thalamus after training, suggesting that less neural connectivity was required to complete the same domain-general cognitive control task. These findings not only provide direct evidence for the modulation of language switching training on the neural interaction of domain-general cognitive control, but also have important implications for revealing the potential neurocognitive adaptation effects of specific bilingual language experiences.

scholarly journals Different impact of task switching and response-category conflict on subsequent memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle C. Muhmenthaler ◽  
Beat Meier
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Perceptual Load ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Response Category ◽  
Stimulus Category ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of cognitive control demands on long-term memory is mixed, with some conflicts leading to better, others leading to worse subsequent memory. The current study was designed to investigate how different types of cognitive control demands modulate the effects on memory. At study, participants had to switch between two classification tasks and later, free recall performance was assessed. The stimuli consisted of two interleaved words, one word had to be categorized and the other word had to be ignored. In four experiments, the congruency between target and ignored words was manipulated by changing the distractor category. This allowed us to investigate the impact of different types of conflict (i.e., task switching, perceptual load, response-category conflict, stimulus-category conflict). The results revealed that task switching impaired memory in all experiments. In Experiment 1, higher perceptual load also impaired memory. Experiments 2–4 showed that the co-activation of two words which required different responses (i.e., response-category conflict) enhanced memory performance but only when the conflict stimuli were presented in pure blocks. Overall, memory performance seems to depend on attentional policies. Withdrawing attention from target encoding results in lower memory performance. In contrast, focusing attention on the target results in enhanced memory performance.

The Perception of Available Resources Influences the After-Effect of Cognitive Control on Cognitive Performance and Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 332-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Silvestrini ◽  
Elodie Vuignier ◽  
Alain Matthey ◽  
Valérie Piguet
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Sequential Task ◽  
After Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Available Resources

Abstract. In two experiments, we investigated the impact of perceived available cognitive resources using a sequential-task paradigm. First, participants worked on an easy or difficult cognitive task. Then, they received a cue suggesting that their cognitive resources were still optimal or they did not receive any information on their resources. Subsequently, they worked on a second difficult cognitive task (Experiment 1) or received painful electrical stimulations (Experiment 2). We predicted that the cue on optimal resources would neutralize the effect of the first difficult task on subsequent cognitive performance and pain. Overall, results supported our predictions. We interpret these findings as showing an important role of perceived available resources in the after-effect induced by the sequential-task paradigm.

Bridging language and attention: Brain basis of the impact of bilingualism on cognitive control

NeuroImage ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1272-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Garbin ◽  
A. Sanjuan ◽  
C. Forn ◽  
J.C. Bustamante ◽  
A. Rodriguez-Pujadas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
The Impact

P2-476: RESERVE AS FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY (IN COGNITIVE CONTROL NETWORKS) MODERATES THE IMPACT OF WHITE MATTER LESIONS IN AGING

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_16) ◽  
pp. P907-P907
Author(s):  
Gloria Benson ◽  
Andrea Hildebrandt ◽  
Catharina Lange ◽  
Theresa Köbe ◽  
Claudia Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
The Impact
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