scholarly journals Tract‐specific analysis and neurocognitive functioning in sickle cell patients without history of overt stroke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Chai ◽  
Chaoran Ji ◽  
Julie Coloigner ◽  
Soyoung Choi ◽  
Melissa Balderrama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Severe COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a sickle cell disease adult patient: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Teulier ◽  
Alexandre Elabbadi ◽  
Grigorios Gerotziafas ◽  
François Lionnet ◽  
Guillaume Voiriot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Cor Pulmonale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Venovenous Ecmo

Abstract Background Sickle-cell anaemia is a widespread genetic disease prevalent worldwide among African and African-American populations. The pathogenesis is most often revealed by pulmonary conditions, including acute thoracic syndrome, which is affecting the life expectancy of these populations. The global spread of CoV2-SARS infection with a respiratory tropism, endothelial damages and procoagulant status endangers the SCD population. However, with only a few case reports, consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on SCD population remain poorly known. Case presentation We report a case of a 33-year-old man with a history of homozygous SS homozygous sickle cell anemia who consulted on March 24, 2020 for febrile dyspnea 11 days after the onset of symptoms. A nasopharyngeal swab was positive for SARS-CoV-2. His respiratory status worsened rapidly in the emergency room and then in ICU leading to severe ARDS requiring intubation, curarization, and venovenous ECMO. Hematologically, severe hemolysis associated with major thrombocytopenia without documented spinal cord injury was noted. Several transfusion exchanges are performed. The evolution was finally slowly favorable and led to discharge from the intensive care unit and then from the hospital. Conclusions This case recalls the importance of an increased prevention policy against COVID-19among the SCD population. In addition, from a therapeutic point of view, it advocates (1) a high preventive anticoagulation from the outset according to the level of D-dimers (2) the use of venovenous ECMO in this particular case, whereas this technique has had rather disappointing results in acute chest syndromes. (3) Unexpectedly, our patient did not develop pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and acute cor pulmonale (ACP), whereas this is a common feature of ARDS during SCD. These last two observations suggest a different pathophysiology of pulmonary disorders in SCD patients in the case of SARS COv2. It could be associated with marked hypoxemia secondary to pulmonary vascular vasodilation.

scholarly journals To Give or Not to Give: RhD Immunoglobulin for an RHD*39 Pregnant Woman with Sickle Cell Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Justin E. Juskewitch ◽  
Craig D. Tauscher ◽  
Sheila K. Moldenhauer ◽  
Jennifer E. Schieber ◽  
Eapen K. Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Acute Chest Syndrome ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Procedural Complications ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Hemolysis

Introduction: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have repeated episodes of red blood cell (RBC) sickling and microvascular occlusion that manifest as pain crises, acute chest syndrome, and chronic hemolysis. These clinical sequelae usually increase during pregnancy. Given the racial distribution of SCD, patients with SCD are also more likely to have rarer RBC antigen genotypes than RBC donor populations. We present the management and clinical outcome of a 21-year-old pregnant woman with SCD and an RHD*39 (RhD[S103P], G-negative) variant. Case Presentation: Ms. S is B positive with a reported history of anti-D, anti-C, and anti-E alloantibodies (anti-G testing unknown). Genetic testing revealed both an RHD*39 and homozygous partial RHCE*ceVS.02 genotype. Absorption/elution testing confirmed the presence of anti-G, anti-C, and anti-E alloantibodies but could not definitively determine the presence/absence of an anti-D alloantibody. Ms. S desired to undergo elective pregnancy termination and the need for postprocedural RhD immunoglobulin (RhIG) was posed. Given that only the G antigen site is changed in an RHD*39 genotype and the potential risk of RhIG triggering a hyperhemolytic episode in an SCD patient, RhIG was not administered. There were no procedural complications. Follow-up testing at 10 weeks showed no increase in RBC alloantibody strength. Discussion/Conclusion: Ms. S represents a rare RHD*39 and partial RHCE*ceVS.02 genotype which did not further alloimmunize in the absence of RhIG administration. Her case also highlights the importance of routine anti-G alloantibody testing in women of childbearing age with apparent anti-D and anti-C alloantibodies.

scholarly journals Concurrent Bilateral Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Secondary to Sickle Cell Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110283
Author(s):  
Gowri Renganathan ◽  
Piruthiviraj Natarajan ◽  
Lela Ruck ◽  
Roberto Prieto ◽  
Bharat Ved Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Retinal Artery

Vascular occlusive crisis with a concurrent vision loss on both eyes is one of the most devastating disability for sickle cell disease patients. Reportedly occlusive crisis in the eyes is usually temporary whereas if not appropriately managed can result in permanent vision loss. A carefully managed sickle cell crisis could prevent multiple disabilities including blindness and stroke. We report a case of a 24-year-old female with a history of sickle cell disease who had acute bilateral vision loss during a sickle crisis and recovered significantly with a timely emergent erythrocytapheresis.

scholarly journals History of Pain is Associated with Hospitalization and Severe Course of COVID-19 in Children with Sickle Cell Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-608
Author(s):  
Lana Mucalo ◽  
Amanda Brandow ◽  
Mahua Dasgupta ◽  
Sadie Mason ◽  
Pippa Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Pain

The natural history of sickle cell disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Hoppe ◽  
Lori Styles ◽  
Elliott Vichinsky
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Severe non-exertional rhabdomyolysis from weight loss supplement in sickle cell trait: A perfect storm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Titilope Olanipekun ◽  
Valery Effoe ◽  
Ganiat Adeogun ◽  
Agniezka Gaertig ◽  
Myrtle White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis ◽  
Serum Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
History Of

Exertional rhabdomyolysis from sickle cell trait has been documented. Also, cases of rhabdomyolysis from the use of weight loss supplements in the setting of sickle cell trait and exertion have been described. However, the role of sickle cell trait in non-exertional rhabdomyolysis is not clear. We present a case of severe non-exertional rhabdomyolysis from weight loss supplement in a patient with sickle cell trait.A 45-year-old African American female with sickle cell trait presented to the emergency department with two days history of fatigue and mild breathlessness. She also reported diarrhea and vomiting for five days before presentation. She admitted to taking Garcinia cambogia (a dietary supplement) for weight loss one week prior to the onset of symptoms. She denied alcohol or drug use, rigorous physical activity or trauma.She was dehydrated on examination. Laboratory values revealed markedly elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and creatinine levels. Garcinia cambogia was discontinued and she was hydrated with intravenous fluids. Her CPK and creatinine levels significantly trended down and she was discharged home with no apparent sequelae.Our patient had multiple episodes of diarrhea and vomiting likely from the use of Garcinia cambogia. We believe she suffered non-exertional rhabdomyolysis from dehydration in the setting of sickle cell trait. Though dietary weight loss supplements are marketed as generally safe, this case suggests otherwise. We emphasize that clinicians routinely inquire about use of these supplements and provide appropriate counseling to patients on the adverse effects, especially among those with sickle cell trait.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predisposing Factors of Atrial Fibrillation in a Multi-Ethnic Society: The Impact of Racial Differences in Bahrain

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. OJCS.S8032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taysir Garadah ◽  
Saleh Gabani ◽  
Mohamed Al Alawi ◽  
Ahmed Abu-Taleb
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background The prevalence and epidemiological data of atrial fibrillation (AF) among multi-ethnic populations is less well studied worldwide. Aim Evaluation of the prevalence and predisposing factors of AF in patients who were admitted to acute medical emergencies (ER) in Bahrain over the period of one year. Methods Two hundred and fifty three patients with onset of AF were studied. The mean difference of biochemical data and clinical characteristics between Middle Eastern (ME) and sub continental (SC) patients was evaluated. The odds ratio of different predisposing factors for the development of clinical events in AF patients was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Out of 7,450 patients that were admitted to ER over one year, 253 had AF based on twelve leads Electrocardiogram (ECG), with prevalence of 3.4%. In the whole study, the mean age was 59.45 ± 18.27 years, with 164 (65%) male. There were 150 ME patients (59%), and 107 (41%) SC, 55 (22%) were Indian (IND) and 48 (19%) were South Asian (SA). In the whole study clinical presentation was of 48% for palpitation, pulmonary edema was of 14%, angina pectoris on rest of 12%, 10% had embolic phenomena, 6% had dizziness, and 7% were asymptomatic. The odds ratio of different variables for occurrence of clinical events in the study was positive of 2.2 for history of hypertension, 1.8 for sickle cell disease, 1.2 for high body mass index (BMI) >30, 1.1 for mitral valve disease. The ME patients, compared with SC, were older, had significantly higher body mass index, higher history of rheumatic valve disease, sickle cell disease with high level of uric acid and lower hemoglobin. The history of hypertension, DM and smoking was higher among the SC patients. The rate of thyroid disease was equal in both groups. Conclusion The prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 3.4% with male predominance of 65%. Patients of sub continental origin were younger with a significantly high history of hypertension and ischemic heart disease. The patients of Middle Eastern origin had significantly high rate of rheumatic heart disease, and sickle cell disease. The history of hypertension was the most important independent clinical predictor of adverse events in patients presented with AF.

Attention Deficits in Children with Sickle Cell Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina A. Nabors ◽  
Angela K. Freymuth
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Attentional Deficits ◽  
Wide Range Achievement Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Timed Test

Previous research has suggested that children with sickle cell disease may exhibit cognitive deficits even in the absence of direct cerebrovascular involvement (stroke). This study was designed to assess specific attentional deficits in children with sickle cell disease. 12 children with sickle cell disease (Hb SS) with a prior history of stroke, 14 children with sickle cell disease (Hb SS) without evidence of stroke, and 13 similar aged siblings (Hb AA or Hb AS) were compared on measures of attention, intellectual functioning, achievement, and adaptive Functioning, Significant differences were found between children with sickle cell disease (with or without stroke) and healthy controls on a timed test of visual scanning, the Coding subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised, and subtests of Reading, Arithmetic, and Spelling from the Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised. The differences between children with sickle cell disease and their healthy siblings appear to be the result of strokes rather than sickle cell disease itself as children with sickle cell disease without strokes did not significantly differ from controls. Implications for the effects of sickle cell disease and stroke on academic performance are discussed.

scholarly journals ECAST Syndrome (Exercise Collapse Associated with Sickle Cell Trait): First Knock of Sickle Cell in a Young Bodybuilder

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Janhavi Mahajan ◽  
Dhruv Talwar ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Sourya Acharya ◽  
Yogesh Kakde
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
History Of

ECAST Or exercise collapse associated with sickle cell trait is a rare phenomenon associated with sickle cell trait and is an important presentation of sickle cell disease in sports medicine. Collapse is seen following vigorous physical activity, which is due to excessive heat, dehydration and other factors associated with physical exercise. This rare syndrome is often missed by the treating physicians as a result of a lack of knowledge about this rare entity leading to massive underreporting. It is important to identify ECAST as a cause of the collapse in young athletes to prevent mortality and morbidity and in order to provide prompt treatment. We report a case of a 25- year-old young male who was a bodybuilder and reported to the gym after a one-year-long break due to lockdown restrictions of COVID19. After a vigorous exercise session, he collapsed in the gym and was brought to the emergency department. After proper history taking and examination, he was suspected to be a case of ECAST due to a history of a similar episode three years back which was treated as a case of exertional syncope with intravenous fluid therapy and a family history of Sickle cell trait with his mother and father both having sickle cell AS Pattern. Ultimately our patient turned out to be a case of Sickle Cell Trait with evidence of AS pattern on Hb electrophoresis and a small-sized spleen visualized on CT Scan of the abdomen. The patient was managed successfully with intravenous fluids and blood transfusion and was discharged in a stable condition. He was counseled about moderating his exercise and is doing well on follow-up.

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