scholarly journals Distinction between hand dominance and hand preference in primates: a behavioral investigation of manual dexterity in nonhuman primates (macaques) and human subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 575-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Chatagny ◽  
Simon Badoud ◽  
Mélanie Kaeser ◽  
Anne-Dominique Gindrat ◽  
Julie Savidan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Hand Dominance

Cell and Molecular Biological Challenges of ICSI: ART before Science?

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Schatten ◽  
Laura Hewitson ◽  
Calvin Simerly ◽  
Peter Sutovsky ◽  
Gabor Huszar
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Published Data ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Series Of Experiments

The general perception of how innovative assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are introduced is through a carefully controlled series of experiments in an animal model, such as the mouse. Only after the technique has been proven can one consider confirmatory studies on mammals closely related to humans, such as rhesus monkeys or other nonhuman primates. With this background of a peer-reviewed body of well-established published data, there is sufficient foundation and rationale to propose a clinical investigation to a responsible human subjects institutional review board (IRB). IRBs weigh the benefits and risks of the new methods to human subjects, and then consider the appropriate informed consent procedures for the particular case. Only after a large number of clinical studies are performed at multiple sites and are peer reviewed can the efficacy and safety of the innovative approach be clearly evaluated. At that time, the potential therapy can be responsibly offered to suitable beneficiaries.

Assessing differences in hand dominance by testing hand preference against hand performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
PamelaMandela Idenya ◽  
Peter Gichangi ◽  
AOgeng'o Julius
Keyword(s):  
Hand Preference ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Hand Performance

scholarly journals Immunoadsorption enables successful rAAV5-mediated repeated hepatic gene delivery in nonhuman primates

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (17) ◽  
pp. 2632-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Salas ◽  
Karin L. Kwikkers ◽  
Nerea Zabaleta ◽  
Andrea Bazo ◽  
Harald Petry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Targeted Gene Delivery ◽  
Human Factor Ix ◽  
Relevant Animal Model ◽  
Liver Gene

Abstract Adeno-associated virus (AAV)–based liver gene therapy has been shown to be clinically successful. However, the presence of circulating neutralizing antibodies (NABs) against AAV vector capsids remains a major challenge as it may prevent successful transduction of the target cells. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies that would enable AAV-mediated gene delivery to patients with preexisting anti-AAV NABs. In the current study, the feasibility of using an immunoadsorption (IA) procedure for repeated, liver-targeted gene delivery in nonhuman primates was explored. The animals were administered IV with recombinant AAV5 (rAAV5) carrying the reporter gene human secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (hSEAP). Seven weeks after the first rAAV treatment, all of the animals were readministered with rAAV5 carrying the therapeutic hemophilia B gene human factor IX (hFIX). Half of the animals administered with rAAV5-hSEAP underwent IA prior to the second rAAV5 exposure. The transduction efficacies of rAAV5-hSEAP and rAAV5-hFIX were assessed by measuring the levels of hSEAP and hFIX proteins. Although no hFIX was detected after rAAV5-hFIX readministration without prior IA, all animals submitted to IA showed therapeutic levels of hFIX expression, and a threshold of anti-AAV5 NAB levels compatible with successful readministration was demonstrated. In summary, our data demonstrate that the use of a clinically applicable IA procedure enables successful readministration of an rAAV5-based gene transfer in a clinically relevant animal model. Finally, the analysis of anti-AAV NAB levels in human subjects submitted to IA confirmed the safety and efficacy of the procedure to reduce anti-AAV NABs. Furthermore, clinical translation was assessed using an immunoglobulin G assay as surrogate.

scholarly journals Directional asymmetry in handedness and hand efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1848-1856
Author(s):  
P.M. Idenya ◽  
P. Gichangi ◽  
J. Ogeng’o
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Directional Asymmetry ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Performance ◽  
The Mean

Several studies analyse anthropometric dimensions of the hands, but few look at how they influence hand performance or hand efficiency. In this analytic cross-sectional study conducted amongst 162 preclinical medical students, directional asymmetry was evaluated in relation to hand preference and hand efficiency in order to determine whether it can be used as an indicator for outcomes of hand dominance. Directional asymmetry (DA) was established by calculating differences in the mean hand measurements and the mean hand volumes. Hand preference was assessed using the modified Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, and handedness categories determined by applying the Geschwind Score. Hand dominance was categorized from the laterality score obtained from differences between left and right hands. Differences in hand dimensions were evaluated in relation to hand preference and hand efficiency. An apparent similarity in the morphology of the hands was suggested by the highly positive statistically significant result in the paired samples correlation test across all the parameters (p < 0.001). A positive association (not statistically significant) was noted between the handedness categories and the demonstrated directional asymmetry. No gender disparity was found in the relationship between DA and Hand efficiency by grip strength testing. The EHI-GS hand preference category positively indicated the preferred hand but did not on its own designate hand dominance or hand proficiency. Notwithstanding the gender, EHI-GS handedness neither predicted DA nor hand efficiency. Similarly, neither EHI-GS hand preference nor hand efficiency by grip strength testing could predict DA in males and females alike. Key words: Hand performance, Hand proficiency, Hand dominance, Grip strength testing, Laterality

scholarly journals Segmental volume and circulatory changes that occur in humans and Rhesus monkeys during 4 hour, −6 degree head down tilt

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Leslie David Montgomery ◽  
Clarence Oloff
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Identical Test ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Abstract Nonhuman primates are often used to investigate physiologic processes that occur in man during aerospace/cardiovascular orthostatic research. Few studies have compared nonhuman primates and man under identical test conditions to assess the degree of similarity between the two species. Impedance plethysmography was used to measure calf, thigh, pelvic, thoracic, upper arm, and lower arm volume changes in eight rhesus (Macacca Mulatta) monkeys and twelve human subjects during four hour exposures to −6 degree head down tilt (HDT).

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Ipsilateral or Contralateral Foot Disorders and Hand Dominance

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyen-Sa D. T. Nguyen ◽  
Alyssa B. Dufour ◽  
Rock G. Positano ◽  
Joshua S. Dines ◽  
Christopher C. Dodson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Tailor’S Bunion ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Foot Disorder ◽  
Forefoot Disorders

Background: To our knowledge, hand dominance and side of foot disorders has not been described in the literature. We sought to evaluate whether hand dominance was associated with ipsilateral foot disorders in community-dwelling older men and women. Methods: Data were from the Framingham Foot Study (N = 2,089, examined 2002–2008). Hand preference for writing was used to classify hand dominance. Foot disorders and side of disorders were based on validated foot examination findings. Generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, accounting for intraperson variability. Results: Left-handed people were less likely to have foot pain or any foot disorders ipsilateral but were more likely to have hallux valgus ipsilateral to the left hand. Among right-handed people, the following statistically significant increased odds of having an ipsilateral versus contralateral foot disorder were seen: 30% for Morton’s neuroma, 18% for hammer toes, 21% for lesser toe deformity, and a twofold increased odds of any foot disorder; there was a 17% decreased odds for Tailor’s bunion and an 11% decreased odds for pes cavus. Conclusions: For the 2,089 study participants, certain forefoot disorders were shown to be ipsilateral and others were contralateral to the dominant hand. Future studies should examine whether the same biological mechanism that explains ipsilateral hand and foot preference may explain ipsilateral hand dominance and forefoot disorders. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(1): 16–23, 2013)

Determination of Handedness Using Hand-Efficiency Tests

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Rigal
Keyword(s):  
Hand Preference ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
New Approach

A new approach to determine S's handedness from hand-efficiency tests, instead of hand-preference questionnaires, is presented here. A formula to isolate ambidextrous individuals is also proposed. Using this method, it is possible to determine simultaneously the hand dominance and the skill level of Ss.

scholarly journals Cross-species comparison of anticipatory and stimulus-driven neck muscle activity well before saccadic gaze shifts in humans and nonhuman primates

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 902-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samanthi C. Goonetilleke ◽  
Leor Katz ◽  
Daniel K. Wood ◽  
Chao Gu ◽  
Alexander C. Huk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Gaze Shifts ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Intermediate Layers ◽  
Species Specific

Recent studies have described a phenomenon wherein the onset of a peripheral visual stimulus elicits short-latency (<100 ms) stimulus-locked recruitment (SLR) of neck muscles in nonhuman primates (NHPs), well before any saccadic gaze shift. The SLR is thought to arise from visual responses within the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (SCi), hence neck muscle recordings may reflect presaccadic activity within the SCi, even in humans. We obtained bilateral intramuscular recordings from splenius capitis (SPL, an ipsilateral head-turning muscle) from 28 human subjects performing leftward or rightward visually guided eye-head gaze shifts. Evidence of an SLR was obtained in 16/55 (29%) of samples; we also observed examples where the SLR was present only unilaterally. We compared these human results with those recorded from a sample of eight NHPs from which recordings of both SPL and deeper suboccipital muscles were available. Using the same criteria, evidence of an SLR was obtained in 8/14 (57%) of SPL recordings, but in 26/29 (90%) of recordings from suboccipital muscles. Thus, both species-specific and muscle-specific factors contribute to the low SLR prevalence in human SPL. Regardless of the presence of the SLR, neck muscle activity in both human SPL and in NHPs became predictive of the reaction time of the ensuing saccade gaze shift ∼70 ms after target appearance; such pregaze recruitment likely reflects developing SCi activity, even if the tectoreticulospinal pathway does not reliably relay visually related activity to SPL in humans.

Hand Preference in the Use of Tools by Infant Baboons (Papio Cynocephalus Anubis)

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Charles Westergaard
Keyword(s):  
Initial Segment ◽  
Bimanual Coordination ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Hand Preference ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Bimanual Actions ◽  
Component Task

Hand preference in the use of tools was examined in a peer group of five infant baboons, Papio cynocephalus anubis. Hand preference was noted for all subjects on a sponging task and for one subject on a probing task. The baboons exhibited the highest percentage of bimanual actions on the initial segment of each three-component task. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that immature nonhuman primates exhibit lateral asymmetries when they use tools and bimanual coordination when they perform complex manipulative tasks.

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