scholarly journals Intermittent fasting increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang‐Ha Baik ◽  
Vismitha Rajeev ◽  
David Yang‐Wei Fann ◽  
Dong‐Gyu Jo ◽  
Thiruma V. Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Intermittent Fasting

scholarly journals Energy Restriction Enhances Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis-Associated Memory after Four Weeks in an Adult Human Population with Central Obesity; a Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curie Kim ◽  
Ana Margarida Pinto ◽  
Claire Bordoli ◽  
Luke Patrick Buckner ◽  
Polly Charlotte Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Pattern Separation ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Cognitive Improvement

Adult neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons throughout life, occurs in the subventricular zone of the dentate gyrus in the human hippocampal formation. It has been shown in rodents that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is needed for pattern separation, the ability to differentially encode small changes derived from similar inputs, and recognition memory, as well as the ability to recognize previously encountered stimuli. Improved hippocampus-dependent cognition and cellular readouts of adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been reported in daily energy restricted and intermittent fasting adult mice. Evidence that nutrition can significantly affect brain structure and function is increasing substantially. This randomized intervention study investigated the effects of intermittent and continuous energy restriction on human hippocampal neurogenesis-related cognition, which has not been reported previously. Pattern separation and recognition memory were measured in 43 individuals with central obesity aged 35–75 years, before and after a four-week dietary intervention using the mnemonic similarity task. Both groups significantly improved pattern separation (P = 0.0005), but only the intermittent energy restriction group had a significant deterioration in recognition memory. There were no significant differences in cognitive improvement between the two diets. This is the first human study to investigate the association between energy restriction with neurogenesis-associated cognitive function. Energy restriction may enhance hippocampus-dependent memory and could benefit those in an ageing population with declining cognition. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02679989) on 11 February 2016.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting Enhances Hippocampal Npy Expression to Promote Neurogenesis Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqiang Cao ◽  
Manrui Li ◽  
Yuwen Sun ◽  
Wenjie Yang ◽  
Hao Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Subgranular Zone ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractInterventions for preventing cognitive dysfunction post traumatic brain injury (TBI) is limited. Given that adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) after brain injury contributes to cognitive recovery, and that the AHN is potentially affected by nutritional factors, we asked whether fasting could promote AHN and thus ameliorates cognitive defects after TBI. Here we show that a one-month intermittent fasting (IF) regimen enhanced proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of hippocampus 3 days post TBI, as well as improved cognitive performance in Morris water maze (MWM) test. Furthermore, an increase in hippocampal Npy expression was detected in IF group after injury, compared to the mice fed ad libitum (AL), and locally knock-down of Npy in vivo attenuated the aforementioned effects of IF in TBI. These findings suggest that IF promotes AHN following TBI by a mechanism involving enhancement of Npy expression, which may offer novel interventions that might prevent cognitive dysfunction caused by injury.

scholarly journals Intermittent fasting enhances long-term memory consolidation, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and expression of longevity gene Klotho

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Pereira Dias ◽  
Tytus Murphy ◽  
Doris Stangl ◽  
Selda Ahmet ◽  
Benjamin Morisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Longevity Gene ◽  
Candidate Molecule

AbstractDaily calorie restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF) enhance longevity and cognition but the effects and mechanisms that differentiate these two paradigms are unknown. We examined whether IF in the form of every-other-day feeding enhances cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) when compared to a matched 10% daily CR intake and ad libitum conditions. After 3 months under IF, female C57BL6 mice exhibited improved long-term memory retention. IF increased the number of BrdU-labeled cells and neuroblasts in the hippocampus, and microarray analysis revealed that the longevity gene Klotho (Kl) was upregulated in the hippocampus by IF only. Furthermore, we found that downregulating Kl in human hippocampal progenitor cells led to decreased neurogenesis, whereas Kl overexpression increased neurogenesis. Finally, histological analysis of Kl knockout mice brains revealed that Kl is required for AHN, particularly in the dorsal hippocampus. These data suggest that IF is superior to 10% CR in enhancing memory and identifies Kl as a novel candidate molecule that regulates the effects of IF on cognition likely via AHN enhancement.

Is adult hippocampal neurogenesis really relevant for the treatment of psychiatric disorders?

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Carli ◽  
Stefano Aringhieri ◽  
Shivakumar Kolachalam ◽  
Biancamaria Longoni ◽  
Giovanna Grenno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Newborn Neurons ◽  
Hippocampal Circuitry

: Adult neurogenesis consists in the generation of newborn neurons from neural stem cells taking place in the adult brain. In mammals, this process is limited to very few areas of the brain, and one of these neurogenic niches is the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Adult newborn neurons are generated from quiescent neural progenitors (QNPs), which differentiate through different steps into mature granule cells (GCs), to be finally integrated into the existing hippocampal circuitry. In animal models, adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is relevant for pattern discrimination, cognitive flexibility, emotional processing and resilience to stressful situations. Imaging techniques allow to visualize newborn neurons within the hippocampus through all their stages of development and differentiation. In humans, the evidence of AHN is more challenging, and, based on recent findings, it persists through the adulthood, even if it declines with age. Whether this process has an important role in human brain function and how it integrates into the existing hippocampal circuitry is still a matter of exciting debate. Importantly, AHN deficiency has been proposed to be relevant in many psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia. This review aims to investigate how AHN is altered in different psychiatric conditions and how pharmacological treatments can rescue this process. In fact, many psychoactive drugs, such as antidepressants, mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics (AAPs), can boost AHN with different results. In addition, some non-pharmacological approaches are discussed as well.

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