A rapid method for the simultaneous detection by collisionally activated dissociation mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectrometry of parts per trillion of diethylstilbestrol, zeranol and trenbolone in plasma and edible tissues of cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Maffei Facino ◽  
M. Carini ◽  
A. Da Forno ◽  
P. Traldi ◽  
G. Pompa
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Collisionally Activated Dissociation ◽  
Edible Tissues ◽  
Ion Kinetic Energy

Ion Kinetic Energy Determinations in Radio-Frequency Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 917-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula R. Cable ◽  
R. Kenneth Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Radio Frequency Glow Discharge ◽  
Ion Trajectory ◽  
Ion Kinetic Energy

Radio-frequency glow discharge (rf-GD) sources produce an abundance of both atoms and ions. For the mass spectrometric application of the glow discharge technique, knowledge of the ion kinetic energies is required to optimize extraction and focusing of ions from the source region into the analyzer. This paper details kinetic energies experimentally determined with the use of the “retarding potential” method. For this study, the analyzer quadrupole of a double-quadrupole mass spectrometer was positively biased to act as a repeller. Ion kinetic energies (IKEs) determined for a variety of discharge and analyzer operating conditions ranged from 12.5 eV to 25.0 eV for 63Cu+. Kinetic energy measurements were confirmed from ion trajectory simulations and follow closely the experimental values for identical analyzer conditions and initial IKEs. Results of this study indicate that the conditions under which ions are formed (plasma conditions) affect IKEs and energy spreads to a greater extent than analyzer parameter variations. Different from atmospheric plasma sources, IKEs for rf-GD species do not vary as a function of ion mass/identity. Evidence is also given in support of a slight mass biasing owing to the transmission properties of double-quadrupole analyzers. The findings detailed herein demonstrate the effects of rf modulation on both ion kinetic energy values and distributions.

Fragmentation of alkoxide ions following collisional activation. An energy-resolved study

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2947-2953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. Mercer ◽  
Alex G. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Collisional Activation ◽  
Collision Energy ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Elimination Reaction ◽  
Proton Abstraction ◽  
Relative Stabilities ◽  
Collisionally Activated Dissociation ◽  
Reaction Channels ◽  
Alkane Elimination

The collisionally activated dissociation reactions of the C2 to C5 alkoxide ions have been studied for collisons occurring at 8 keV kinetic energy and also over the range 5 to 100 eV kinetic energy. The alkoxide ions fragment by 1,2-elimination of H2 and/or an alkane. Thus, primary alkoxide ions fragment by elimination of H2 only, secondary alkoxide ions show elimination of H2 and alkane molecules, while tertiary alkoxide ions show elimination of alkanes only. In alkane elimination, loss of CH4 is much more facilie than loss of larger alkanes. For secondary alkoxide ions, where more than one elimination reaction occurs, the energy dependence of fragmentation has been explored over the collision energy range 5 to 100 eV. The results are interpreted in terms of a step-wise mechanism involving formation of an anion-carbonyl compound ion-dipole complex, followed by proton abstraction by the H− or alkyl anion leading to the final products. The relative importance of the reaction channels is determined by the relative stabilities of these ion-dipole complexes.

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