Picolinyl esters as derivatives for the structural determination of long chain branched and unsaturated fatty acids

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Structural Determination ◽  
Picolinyl Esters ◽  
Long Chain

Advances in the Chromatographic Separation and Determination of Bioactive Compounds for Assessing the Nutrient Profile of Nuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa P. Kalogiouri ◽  
Natalia Manousi ◽  
Erwin Rosenberg ◽  
George A. Zachariadis ◽  
Victoria F. Samanidou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Background:: Nuts have been incorporated into guidelines for healthy eating since they contain considerable amounts of antioxidants and their effects are related to health benefits since they contribute to the prevention of nutritional deficiencies. The micronutrient characterization is based mainly on the determination of phenolics which is the most abundant class of bioactive compounds in nuts. Terpenes constitute another class of bioactive compounds that are present in nuts and show high volatility. The analysis of phenolic compounds and terpenes are very demanding tasks that require optimization of the chromatographic conditions to improve the separation of the components. Moreover, nuts are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and they are therefore considered as cardioprotective. Gas chromatography is the predominant instrumental analytical technique for the determination of derivatized fatty acids and terpenes in food matrices, while high performance liquid chromatography is currently the most popular technique for the determination of phenolic compounds Objective:: This review summarizes all the recent advances in the optimization of the chromatographic conditions for the determination of phenolic compounds, fatty acids and terpenes in nuts Conclusion:: The state-of-the art in the technology available is critically discussed, exploring new analytical approaches to reduce the time of analysis and improve the performance of the chromatographic systems in terms of precision, reproducibility, limits of detection and quantification and overall quality of the results

In vivo study of the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids using deuterated water

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. E247-E252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Ajie ◽  
M. J. Connor ◽  
W. N. Lee ◽  
S. Bassilian ◽  
E. A. Bergner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Deuterated Water ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Isotopomer Distribution ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Mass Isotopomer

To determine the contributions of preexisting fatty acid, de novo synthesis, and chain elongation in long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) synthesis, the synthesis of LCFAs, palmitate (16:0), stearate (18:0), arachidate (20:0), behenate (22:0), and lignocerate (24:0), in the epidermis, liver, and spinal cord was determined using deuterated water and mass isotopomer distribution analysis in hairless mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were given 4% deuterated water for 5 days or 8 wk in their drinking water. Blood was withdrawn at the end of these times for the determination of deuterium enrichment, and the animals were killed to isolate the various tissues for lipid extraction for the determination of the mass isotopomer distributions. The mass isotopomer distributions in LCFA were incompatible with synthesis from a single pool of primer. The synthesis of palmitate, stearate, arachidate, behenate, and lignocerate followed the expected biochemical pathways for the synthesis of LCFAs. On average, three deuterium atoms were incorporated for every addition of an acetyl unit. The isotopomer distribution resulting from chain elongation and de novo synthesis can be described by the linear combination of two binomial distributions. The proportions of preexisting, chain elongation, and de novo-synthesized fatty acids as a percentage of the total fatty acids were determined using multiple linear regression analysis. Fractional synthesis was found to vary, depending on the tissue type and the fatty acid, from 47 to 87%. A substantial fraction (24-40%) of the newly synthesized molecules was derived from chain elongation of unlabeled (recycled) palmitate.

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