scholarly journals Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation and systemic metabolism in murine obesity by polymer implants loaded with lentiviral vectors encoding human interleukin‐4

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (12) ◽  
pp. 3891-3901
Author(s):  
Richard Youngblood ◽  
Carmen G. Flesher ◽  
Jennifer Delproposto ◽  
Nicki A. Baker ◽  
Christopher K. Neeley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lentiviral Vectors ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Polymer Implants

Flavonoids in adipose tissue inflammation and atherosclerosis: one arrow, two targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Muin Fardoun ◽  
Dina Maaliki ◽  
Nabil Halabi ◽  
Rabah Iratni ◽  
Alessandra Bitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds naturally occurring in fruits and vegetables, in addition to beverages such as tea and coffee. Flavonoids are emerging as potent therapeutic agents for cardiovascular as well as metabolic diseases. Several studies corroborated an inverse relationship between flavonoid consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or adipose tissue inflammation (ATI). Flavonoids exert their anti-atherogenic effects by increasing nitric oxide (NO), reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, flavonoids alleviate ATI by decreasing triglyceride and cholesterol levels, as well as by attenuating inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, flavonoids inhibit synthesis of fatty acids and promote their oxidation. In this review, we discuss the effect of the main classes of flavonoids, namely flavones, flavonols, flavanols, flavanones, anthocyanins, and isoflavones, on atherosclerosis and ATI. In addition, we dissect the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of action for these flavonoids. We conclude by supporting the potential benefit for flavonoids in the management or treatment of CVD; yet, we call for more robust clinical studies for safety and pharmacokinetic values.

The Effect of Saxagliptin on Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Overweight and Obese Nondiabetic Subjects

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1212-P ◽  
Author(s):  
JURAJ KOSKA ◽  
TRACY OSREDKAR ◽  
D'SOUZA KAREN ◽  
SANDEEP SINHA ◽  
CHRISTIAN MEYER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

Insulin Sensitizing Effects of Vitamin D Mediated through Reduced Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Fibrosis

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 39-OR
Author(s):  
ERIC LONTCHI-YIMAGOU ◽  
SONA KANG ◽  
KEHAO ZHANG ◽  
AKANKASHA GOYAL ◽  
JEE YOUNG YOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

2032-P: Adipose Tissue Inflammation after Weight Loss

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2032-P
Author(s):  
ANA E. ESPINOSA DE YCAZA ◽  
ESBEN SØNDERGAARD ◽  
MARIA MORGAN-BATHKE ◽  
DANAE A. DELIVANIS ◽  
BARBARA G. CARRANZA LEON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

scholarly journals Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Microbiomes with Biclustering

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4049
Author(s):  
Jukka Hintikka ◽  
Sanna Lensu ◽  
Elina Mäkinen ◽  
Sira Karvinen ◽  
Marjaana Honkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Branched Chain

We have shown that prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) increased beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and prevented high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not clear. We studied whether XOS affects adipose tissue inflammation and insulin signaling, and whether the GM and fecal metabolome explain associated patterns. XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group). Previously analyzed GM and fecal metabolites were biclustered to reduce data dimensionality and identify interpretable groups of co-occurring genera and metabolites. Based on our findings, biclustering provides a useful algorithmic method for capturing such joint signatures. On the HFD, XOS-supplemented rats showed lower number of adipose tissue crown-like structures, increased phosphorylation of AKT in liver and adipose tissue as well as lower expression of hepatic miRNAs. XOS-supplemented rats had more fecal glycine and less hypoxanthine, isovalerate, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids. Several bacterial genera were associated with the metabolic signatures. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of XOS on hepatic steatosis involved decreased adipose tissue inflammation and likely improved insulin signaling, which were further associated with fecal metabolites and GM.

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