Role of organic solvents on Pa-hydroxynitrile lyase interfacial activity and stability

2001 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hickel ◽  
Clayton J. Radke ◽  
Harvey W. Blanch
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Hydroxynitrile Lyase ◽  
Interfacial Activity

Enantioselective Synthesis of Aliphatic (S)-Cyanohydrins in Organic Solvents Using Hydroxynitrile Lyase from Manihot esculenta

1996 ◽  
Vol 799 (1 Enzyme Engine) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARALD WAJANT ◽  
SIEGFRIED FÖRSTER ◽  
ACHIM SPRAUER ◽  
FRANZ EFFENBERGER ◽  
KLAUS PFIZENMAIER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
Hydroxynitrile Lyase

P0280ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES IN EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS. A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Maritati ◽  
Francesco Peyronel ◽  
Paride Fenaroli ◽  
Giuseppe Daniele Benigno ◽  
Alessandra Palmisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis

Abstract Background and Aims Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA, formerly Churg-Strauss Syndrome) is a rare systemic disease, included in the group of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), characterized by adult-onset asthma, blood and tissue eosinophilia with organ involvement, and small-vessel vasculitis. The pathogenesis of the disease is poorly understood, but it is likely that immunogenetic factors play a crucial role in its development. However, it has been suspected that the disease may be triggered by exogenous factors including environmental agents, infections, vaccinations, and drugs. Data about the association between individual, environmental and occupational risk factors and the development of EGPA are scarce. In this study we aimed to investigate the role of occupational agents (such as silica, farming, organic solvents and chemical agents) as well as individual agents (such as smoking habits) and their interactions, as potential risk factors for EGPA. Method The study has a case-control design. We enrolled 111 patients with EGPA and 333 healthy controls, matched for age, sex and geographical origin. Occupational history was obtained using a structured questionnaire administered by blinded specialists in occupational medicine. The exposures to non-occupational risk factors potentially predisposing to EGPA were assessed through the interview and through the examination of medical records. All exposures were considered until the time of EGPA diagnosis. Results At a multivariate logistic regression analysis, EGPA was associated with silica exposure (OR 2.26 [95% CI 1.10-4.62], p=0.026), farming (OR 2.10 [95% CI 1.19-3.73], p=0.011) and with the exposure to organic solvents (OR 2.20 [95% CI 1.14-4.2], p=0.018). There was a positive relationship between the duration of exposure to silica, chemical agents and the risk of developing EGPA (Figure 1). A multiplicative effect on risk was found for the co-exposure of silica and farming (OR 7.49 [95% CI 2.77-20.25], p<0.0001) (Figure 2). The exposure to tobacco smoke appeared protective against EGPA (OR 0.49 [95% CI 0.29-0.70], p<0.0001). Conclusion This is, to our knowledge, the first study investigating the role of environmental, occupational and individual risk factors in the development of EGPA, through the comparison of a group of EGPA patients with a group of healthy controls, matched for age, gender and geographical origin. Our results demonstrate that occupational factors may significantly contribute to the development of the disease. In particular, we found a significative association between exposure to silica, farming, organic solvents and EGPA. In addition, our findings reveal that tobacco smoking has a protective role against the disease. Further studies are necessary to investigate the biological effects of such risk factors on disease pathogenesis.

Role of water traces in the liquid-phase catalytic hydrochlorination of olefins in organic solvents

1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Mal'kov ◽  
I. P. Romm ◽  
I. A. Abronin
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Organic Solvents

Role of enzyme hydrophobicity in biocatalysis in organic solvents

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 837-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt ◽  
Phillip M. Fedorak ◽  
Donald W.S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents

scholarly journals The Mammary Gland Carcinogens: The Role of Metal Compounds and Organic Solvents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Juma Mulware
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Dna Hypermethylation ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2 ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Breast Physiology ◽  
Fat Depot

The increased rate of breast cancer incidences especially among postmenopausal women has been reported in recent decades. Despite the fact that women who inherited mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have a high risk of developing breast cancer, studies have also shown that significant exposure to certain metal compounds and organic solvents also increases the risks of mammary gland carcinogenesis. While physiological properties govern the uptake, intracellular distribution, and binding of metal compounds, their interaction with proteins seems to be the most relevant process for metal carcinogenicity than biding to DNA. The four most predominant mechanisms for metal carcinogenicity include (1) interference with cellular redox regulation and induction of oxidative stress, (2) inhibition of major DNA repair, (3) deregulation of cell proliferation, and (4) epigenetic inactivation of genes by DNA hypermethylation. On the other hand, most organic solvents are highly lipophilic and are biotransformed mainly in the liver and the kidney through a series of oxidative and reductive reactions, some of which result in bioactivation. The breast physiology, notably the parenchyma, is embedded in a fat depot capable of storing lipophilic xenobiotics. This paper reviews the role of metal compounds and organic solvents in breast cancer development.

scholarly journals Activity and Enantioselectivity of the Hydroxynitrile Lyase MeHNL in Dry Organic Solvents

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (25) ◽  
pp. 7596-7604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Paravidino ◽  
Menno J. Sorgedrager ◽  
Romano V. A. Orru ◽  
Ulf Hanefeld
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Hydroxynitrile Lyase
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