Modeling human diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1261-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Markaki ◽  
Nektarios Tavernarakis
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Human Diseases

scholarly journals Caenorhabditis elegans: A Useful Model for Studying Metabolic Disorders in Which Oxidative Stress Is a Contributing Factor

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Moreno-Arriola ◽  
Noemí Cárdenas-Rodríguez ◽  
Elvia Coballase-Urrutia ◽  
José Pedraza-Chaverri ◽  
Liliana Carmona-Aparicio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Molecular Bases

Caenorhabditis elegansis a powerful model organism that is invaluable for experimental research because it can be used to recapitulate most human diseases at either the metabolic or genomic levelin vivo. This organism contains many key components related to metabolic and oxidative stress networks that could conceivably allow us to increase and integrate information to understand the causes and mechanisms of complex diseases. Oxidative stress is an etiological factor that influences numerous human diseases, including diabetes.C. elegansdisplays remarkably similar molecular bases and cellular pathways to those of mammals. Defects in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway or increased ROS levels induce the conserved phase II detoxification response via the SKN-1 pathway to fight against oxidative stress. However, it is noteworthy that, aside from the detrimental effects of ROS, they have been proposed as second messengers that trigger the mitohormetic response to attenuate the adverse effects of oxidative stress. Herein, we briefly describe the importance ofC. elegansas an experimental model system for studying metabolic disorders related to oxidative stress and the molecular mechanisms that underlie their pathophysiology.

Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system for human diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Markaki ◽  
Nektarios Tavernarakis
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Model System ◽  
Human Diseases

scholarly journals Localized TWIST1 and TWIST2 basic domain substitutions cause four distinct human diseases that can be modeled in Caenorhabditis elegans

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2118-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Kim ◽  
Stephen R.F. Twigg ◽  
Victoria A. Scanlon ◽  
Aditi Chandra ◽  
Tyler J. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Basic Domain

scholarly journals Structure and conserved function of iso-branched sphingoid bases from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3676-3686 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thomas Hannich ◽  
Denia Mellal ◽  
Suihan Feng ◽  
Andreas Zumbuehl ◽  
Howard Riezman
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Sphingoid Base ◽  
Sphingoid Bases ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans

Nematode-specific iso-branched sphingoid base synthesis: drug-target against parasites and genetic model system for human diseases.

Experimental Amyloidosis Induced by Immune Complex

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
A. Kawaoi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complex ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Experimental Amyloidosis ◽  
Freund’S Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Complete Adjuvant ◽  
Immunological Approach ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Numbers of immunological approach have been made to the amyloidosis through the variety of predisposing human diseases and the experimentally induced animals by the greater number of agents. The results suggest an important role of impaired immunity involving both humoral and cell-mediated aspects.Recently the author has succeeded in producing amyloidosis in the rabbits and mice by the injections of immune complex of heat denatured DNA.The aim of this report is to demonstrate the details of the ultrastructure of the amyloidosis induced by heterologous insoluble immune complex. Eleven of twelve mice, dd strain, subcutaneously injected twice a week with Freund's complete adjuvant and four of seven animals intraperitonially injected developed systemic amyloidosis two months later from the initial injections. The spleens were electron microscopically observed.

The glycomes of Caenorhabditis elegans and other model organisms

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 117-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart M. Haslam ◽  
David Gems ◽  
Howard R. Morris ◽  
Anne Dell
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Entire Genome ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
The Face ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Nematode Worm

There is no doubt that the immense amount of information that is being generated by the initial sequencing and secondary interrogation of various genomes will change the face of glycobiological research. However, a major area of concern is that detailed structural knowledge of the ultimate products of genes that are identified as being involved in glycoconjugate biosynthesis is still limited. This is illustrated clearly by the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, which was the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced. To date, only limited structural data on the glycosylated molecules of this organism have been reported. Our laboratory is addressing this problem by performing detailed MS structural characterization of the N-linked glycans of C. elegans; high-mannose structures dominate, with only minor amounts of complex-type structures. Novel, highly fucosylated truncated structures are also present which are difucosylated on the proximal N-acetylglucosamine of the chitobiose core as well as containing unusual Fucα1–2Gal1–2Man as peripheral structures. The implications of these results in terms of the identification of ligands for genomically predicted lectins and potential glycosyltransferases are discussed in this chapter. Current knowledge on the glycomes of other model organisms such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster is also discussed briefly.

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