Evolution of Sex Determination in Amniotes: Did Stress and Sequential Hermaphroditism Produce Environmental Determination?

BioEssays ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 2000050
Author(s):  
Barbora Straková ◽  
Michail Rovatsos ◽  
Lukáš Kubička ◽  
Lukáš Kratochvíl
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
Sequential Hermaphroditism

scholarly journals Evolution of Sex Determination in Caenorhabditis: Unusually High Divergence of tra-1 and Its Functional Consequences

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario de Bono ◽  
Jonathan Hodgkin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Somatic Gonad ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Significant Divergence

Abstract The tra-1 gene is a terminal regulator of somatic sex in Caenorhabditis elegans: high tra-1 activity elicits female development, low tra-1 activity elicits male development. To investigate the function and evolution of tra-1, we examined the tra-1 gene from the closely related nematode C. briggsae. Ce-tra-1 and Cb-tra-1 are unusually divergent. Each gene generates two transcripts, but only one of these is present in both species. This common transcript encodes TRA-1A, which shows only 44% amino acid identity between the species, a figure much lower than that for previously compared genes. A Cb-tra-1 transgene rescues many tissues of tra-1(nul1) mutants of C. elegans but not the somatic gonad or germ line. This transgene also causes nongonadal feminization of XO animals, indicating incorrect sexual regulation. Alignment of Ce-TRA-1A and Cb-TRA-1A defines several conserved regions likely to be important for tra-1 function. The phenotypic differences between Ce-tra-1(null) mutants rescued by Cb-tra-1 transgenes and wild-type C. elegans indicate significant divergence of regulatory regions. These molecular and functional studies suggest that evolution of sex determination in nematodes is rapid and genetically complex.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Diversity and evolution of sex determination systems in terrestrial isopods

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Becking ◽  
Isabelle Giraud ◽  
Maryline Raimond ◽  
Bouziane Moumen ◽  
Christopher Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
Terrestrial Isopods

The Candidate Sex-ReversingDAX1Gene Is Autosomal in Marsupials: Implications for the Evolution of Sex Determination in Mammals

Genomics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Pask ◽  
Roland Toder ◽  
Stephen A. Wilcox ◽  
Giovanna Camerino ◽  
Jennifer A.Marshall Graves
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Evolution Of Sex

Evolutionary biology: When deviants are favoured: evolution of sex determination

Nature ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 307 (5953) ◽  
pp. 689-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Harvey ◽  
Linda Partridge
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Evolution Of Sex

scholarly journals Independent Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Eublepharid Geckos, a Lineage with Environmental and Genotypic Sex Determination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Pensabene ◽  
Lukáš Kratochvíl ◽  
Michail Rovatsos
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Genotypic Sex Determination ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Genomic Regions

Geckos demonstrate a remarkable variability in sex determination systems, but our limited knowledge prohibits accurate conclusions on the evolution of sex determination in this group. Eyelid geckos (Eublepharidae) are of particular interest, as they encompass species with both environmental and genotypic sex determination. We identified for the first time the X-specific gene content in the Yucatán banded gecko, Coleonyx elegans, possessing X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y multiple sex chromosomes by comparative genome coverage analysis between sexes. The X-specific gene content of Coleonyx elegans was revealed to be partially homologous to genomic regions linked to the chicken autosomes 1, 6 and 11. A qPCR-based test was applied to validate a subset of X-specific genes by comparing the difference in gene copy numbers between sexes, and to explore the homology of sex chromosomes across 11 eublepharid, two phyllodactylid and one sphaerodactylid species. Homologous sex chromosomes are shared between Coleonyx elegans and Coleonyx mitratus, two species diverged approximately 34 million years ago, but not with other tested species. As far as we know, the X-specific gene content of Coleonyx elegans / Coleonyx mitratus was never involved in the sex chromosomes of other gecko lineages, indicating that the sex chromosomes in this clade of eublepharid geckos evolved independently.

scholarly journals Independent Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Eublepharid Geckos, A Lineage with Environmental and Genotypic Sex Determination

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Eleonora Pensabene ◽  
Lukáš Kratochvíl ◽  
Michail Rovatsos
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Evolution Of Sex ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Genotypic Sex Determination ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Genomic Regions

Geckos demonstrate a remarkable variability in sex determination systems, but our limited knowledge prohibits accurate conclusions on the evolution of sex determination in this group. Eyelid geckos (Eublepharidae) are of particular interest, as they encompass species with both environmental and genotypic sex determination. We identified for the first time the X-specific gene content in the Yucatán banded gecko, Coleonyx elegans, possessing X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y multiple sex chromosomes by comparative genome coverage analysis between sexes. The X-specific gene content of Coleonyx elegans was revealed to be partially homologous to genomic regions linked to the chicken autosomes 1, 6 and 11. A qPCR-based test was applied to validate a subset of X-specific genes by comparing the difference in gene copy numbers between sexes, and to explore the homology of sex chromosomes across eleven eublepharid, two phyllodactylid and one sphaerodactylid species. Homologous sex chromosomes are shared between Coleonyx elegans and Coleonyx mitratus, two species diverged approximately 34 million years ago, but not with other tested species. As far as we know, the X-specific gene content of Coleonyx elegans / Coleonyx mitratus was never involved in the sex chromosomes of other gecko lineages, indicating that the sex chromosomes in this clade of eublepharid geckos evolved independently.

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