scholarly journals Ancient Genomes Reveal Unexpected Horse Domestication and Management Dynamics

BioEssays ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1900164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Orlando
Keyword(s):  
Horse Domestication

scholarly journals Prehistoric genomes reveal the genetic foundation and cost of horse domestication

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (52) ◽  
pp. E5661-E5669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikkel Schubert ◽  
Hákon Jónsson ◽  
Dan Chang ◽  
Clio Der Sarkissian ◽  
Luca Ermini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horse Domestication

scholarly journals Coat Color Variation at the Beginning of Horse Domestication

Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 324 (5926) ◽  
pp. 485-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ludwig ◽  
M. Pruvost ◽  
M. Reissmann ◽  
N. Benecke ◽  
G. A. Brockmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Color ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Horse Domestication

scholarly journals High genetic diversity of ancient horses from the Ukok Plateau

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241997
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Vorobieva ◽  
Alexey I. Makunin ◽  
Anna S. Druzhkova ◽  
Mariya A. Kusliy ◽  
Vladimir A. Trifonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Haplotype ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Wild Horse ◽  
Domestic Horses ◽  
Ukok Plateau ◽  
Horse Domestication ◽  
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes

A growing number of researchers studying horse domestication come to a conclusion that this process happened in multiple locations and involved multiple wild maternal lines. The most promising approach to address this problem involves mitochondrial haplotype comparison of wild and domestic horses from various locations coupled with studies of possible migration routes of the ancient shepherds. Here, we sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes of six horses from burials of the Ukok plateau (Russia, Altai Mountains) dated from 2.7 to 1.4 thousand years before present and a single late Pleistocene wild horse from the neighboring region (Denisova cave). Sequencing data indicates that the wild horse belongs to an extinct pre-domestication lineage. Integration of the domestic horse data with known Eurasian haplotypes of a similar age revealed two distinct groups: the first one widely distributed in Europe and presumably imported to Altai, and the second one specific for Altai Mountains and surrounding area.

scholarly journals Local origin or external input: modern horse origin in East Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiao Ning ◽  
Yinghui Ling ◽  
Shaoji Hu ◽  
Arman Ardalan ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
External Input ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Local Origin ◽  
Phylogenetic Resolution ◽  
Horse Domestication

Abstract Background Despite decades of research, the horse domestication scenario in East Asia remains poorly understood. Results The study identified 16 haplogroups with fine-scale phylogenetic resolution using mitochondrial genomes of 317 horse samples. The time to the most recent common ancestor of the 16 haplogroups ranges from [0.8–3.1] thousand years ago (KYA) to [7.9–27.1] KYA. With combined analyses of the mitochondrial control region for 35 extant Przewalski’s horses, 3544 modern and 203 ancient horses across the world, researchers provide evidence for that East Asian prevalent haplogroups Q and R were indigenously domesticated or they were involved in numerous distinct genetic components from wild horses in the southern part of East Asia. These events of haplotypes Q and R occurred during 4.7 to 16.3 KYA and 2.1 to 11.5 KYA, respectively. The diffusion of preponderant European haplogroups L from west to East Asia is consistent with the external gene input. Furthermore, genetic differences were detected between northern East Asia and southern East Asia cohorts by Principal Component Analysis, Analysis of Molecular Variance test, the χ2 test and phylogeographic analyses. Conclusions All results suggest a complex picture of horse domestication, as well as geographic pattern in East Asia. Both local origin and external input occurred in East Asia horse populations. And besides, there are at least two different domestication or hybridization centers in East Asia.

Ancient genomics of horse domestication

Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 356 (6336) ◽  
pp. 392.7-393
Author(s):  
Laura M. Zahn
Keyword(s):  
Horse Domestication

scholarly journals Horse Domestication and Conservation Genetics of Przewalski's Horse Inferred from Sex Chromosomal and Autosomal Sequences

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison N. Lau ◽  
Lei Peng ◽  
Hiroki Goto ◽  
Leona Chemnick ◽  
Oliver A. Ryder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Horse Domestication ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

scholarly journals Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski’s horses

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 360 (6384) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charleen Gaunitz ◽  
Antoine Fages ◽  
Kristian Hanghøj ◽  
Anders Albrechtsen ◽  
Naveed Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Domestic Horses ◽  
Horse Domestication

The Eneolithic Botai culture of the Central Asian steppes provides the earliest archaeological evidence for horse husbandry, ~5500 years ago, but the exact nature of early horse domestication remains controversial. We generated 42 ancient-horse genomes, including 20 from Botai. Compared to 46 published ancient- and modern-horse genomes, our data indicate that Przewalski’s horses are the feral descendants of horses herded at Botai and not truly wild horses. All domestic horses dated from ~4000 years ago to present only show ~2.7% of Botai-related ancestry. This indicates that a massive genomic turnover underpins the expansion of the horse stock that gave rise to modern domesticates, which coincides with large-scale human population expansions during the Early Bronze Age.

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