scholarly journals Spinelli G and Birnstiel ML. The modulator is a constitutive enhancer of a developmentally regulated sea urchin histone H2A gene. BioEssays 2002;24:850-857

BioEssays ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-303
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Histone H2a ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Constitutive Enhancer

scholarly journals Characterization of a cDNA clone coding for a sea urchin histone H2A variant related to the H2A.F/Z histone protein in vertebrates

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 4629-4644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan G. Ernst ◽  
Heidi Miller ◽  
Carol A. Brenner ◽  
Catherine Nocente-McGrath ◽  
Susan Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Cdna Clone ◽  
Histone H2a ◽  
Histone Protein

scholarly journals Metallothionein genes MTa and MTb expressed under distinct quantitative and tissue-specific regulation in sea urchin embryos.

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Wilkinson ◽  
M Nemer
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Cdna Sequences ◽  
Endogenous Expression ◽  
Endogenous Level ◽  
Sea Urchin Embryo ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
High Level

Sea urchin embryo metallothionein (MT) mRNAs MTa and MTb have distinct cDNA sequences and are transcripts of different genes of a multigene family. These MT mRNAs differ in size and in their 3'-untranslated sequences. They encode proteins that are unusual among MT isotypes in that the relative positions of their cysteine residues are partially out of register, suggesting potential differences in function. In pluteus larvae MTa mRNA is expressed abundantly and exclusively in the ectoderm, while MTb mRNA, which is restricted to the endomesoderm at a low endogenous level, can be induced to a high level by heavy metal ions (M2+). MT mRNA is present in the maternal reservoir of the egg and is predominantly (greater than 95%) MTa mRNA. Endogenous expression in the embryo, which is at a much higher level than in the egg, requires M2+ for gene transcription, is developmentally regulated, and is greater than 90% MTa mRNA. When induced by added M2+, however, MTa and MTb mRNAs accumulate to almost equal levels. The differences in the ratios of MTa/MTb expressed endogenously and inductively are not attributable to differences in the stabilities of these MT mRNAs, which were observed under conditions of M2+ depletion, or in their inducibilities, which were observed at moderate to high M2+ levels. We found, instead, that the MTa gene responds to M2+ at a lower threshold level than MTb, so that at very low M2+ concentrations the ratio of induced MTa/MTb mRNA is high and equivalent to the endogenous ratio. Thus, endogenous expression of the MTa gene is selectively enhanced in the ectoderm by determinants that are responsive at low M2+ threshold concentrations.

scholarly journals The Primary Structure of Histone H2A from the Sperm Cell of the Sea Urchin Parechinus angulosus

1980 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter N. STRICKLAND ◽  
Marie S. STRICKLAND ◽  
Petronella C. GROOT ◽  
Claus HOLT
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Sperm Cell ◽  
Histone H2a

Molecular cloning of five individual stage- and tissue-specific mRNA sequences from sea urchin pluteus embryos

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1021-1031
Author(s):  
N Fregien ◽  
G J Dolecki ◽  
M Mandel ◽  
T Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Rare Class ◽  
Specific Sequences ◽  
Pluteus Stage ◽  
Specific Mrna

Five developmentally regulated sea urchin mRNA sequences which increase in abundance between the blastula and pluteus stages of development were isolated by molecular cloning of cDNA. The regulated sequences all appeared in moderately abundant mRNA molecules of pluteus cells and represented 4% of the clones tested. There were no regulated sequences detected in the 40% of the clones which hybridized to the most abundant mRNA, and the screening procedures were inadequate to detect possible regulation in the 20 to 30% of the clones presumably derived from rare-class mRNA. The reaction of 32P[cDNA] from blastula and pluteus mRNA to dots of the cloned DNAs on nitrocellulose filters indicated that the mRNAs complementary to the different cloned pluteus-specific sequences were between 3- and 47-fold more prevalent at the pluteus stage than at the blastula stage. Polyadenylated RNA from different developmental stages was transferred from electrophoretic gels to nitrocellulose filters and reacted to the different cloned sequences. The regulated mRNAs were undetectable in the RNA of 3-h embryos, became evident at the hatching blastula stage, and reached a maximum in abundance by the gastrula or pluteus stage. Certain of the clones reacted to two sizes of mRNA which did not vary coordinately with development. Transfers of RNA isolated from each of the three cell layers of pluteus embryos that were reacted to the cloned sequences revealed that two of the sequences were found in the mRNA of all three layers, two were ectoderm specific, and one was endoderm specific. Four of the regulated sequences were complementary to one or two major bands and one to at least 50 bands on Southern transfers of restriction endonuclease-digested total sea urchin DNA.

Cloning and characterization of a developmentally regulated sea urchin cDNA encoding glutamine synthetase

Gene ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fucci ◽  
Annamaria Piscopo ◽  
Francesco Aniello ◽  
Margherita Branno ◽  
Anna Di Gregorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Developmentally Regulated

scholarly journals Characterization of two developmentally regulated sea urchin U2 small nuclear RNA promoters: a common required TATA sequence and independent proximal and distal elements.

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Stefanovic ◽  
W F Marzluff
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Upstream Sequence ◽  
Small Nuclear Rna ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Sequence Element ◽  
Nuclear Rna ◽  
Tata Sequence

The promoters of two U2 small nuclear RNA genes isolated from the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus were mapped by microinjection of genes into sea urchin zygotes. One gene, LvU2E, is expressed only in oocytes and embryos and is found in a tandemly repeated gene set, while the other gene, LvU2L, is a single-copy gene and is expressed in embryos and somatic cells. The promoters each contain a TATA sequence at -25 which is required for expression, a proximal sequence element (PSE) centered at -55 required for expression, a sequence at -100 which couples the core promoter (PSE plus TATA box) to the upstream element, and an upstream sequence which stimulates expression fourfold. The PSE together with the TATA sequence is sufficient to determine the transcription start site. There is no sequence similarity between the -100 and PSE sequences of the two genes. The -100 sequences can be interchanged between the two genes. The LvU2E PSE functions in the context of the LvU2L gene, but the LvU2L PSE functions poorly in the context of the LvU2E gene.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document