Relative age and the Early Years Foundation Stage Profile: How do birth month and peer group age composition determine attribution of a ‘Good Level of Development’—and what does this tell us about how ‘good’ the Early Years Foundation Stage Profile is?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Birth Month

scholarly journals Relative age effect in physical attributes and motor fitness at different birth-month quartile

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Mat-Rasid ◽  
M.R. Abdullah ◽  
H Juahir ◽  
R.M. Musa ◽  
A.B.H.M. Maliki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Physical Attributes

What a difference a (birth) month makes: The relative age effect and fund manager performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
John (Jianqiu) Bai ◽  
Linlin Ma ◽  
Kevin A. Mullally ◽  
David H. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Fund Manager ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Manager Performance

scholarly journals Distribuição do mês de nascimento e medidas antropométricas de jogadores de futebol de elite nacional sub-15

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Melo Altimari ◽  
Henrique Bortolotti ◽  
Nelson Dos Santos-Junior ◽  
Leandro Ricardo Altimari ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study was to analyze the birth month distribution and anthropometric measurements of U-15 elite soccer players. The sample consisted of 400 athletes (15.4 ± 0.4 years, 171.0 ± 10.6 cm and 63.0 ± 8.8 kg) participants of the 11th edition of the Brazil U-15 Soccer Cup, who had their birth month information and height and body mass measures obtained from data available on the organization’s website. Athletes were separated according to the categorization of chronological age into four-month periods: 1st quarter (1st QDT), athletes born between January and April; 2nd quarter (2nd QDT), those born between May and August, and 3rd quarter (3rd QDT), those born between September and December. The non-parametric chi-square test (X2) was used to analyze the possible differences between observed and expected birth date distributions in the four-month periods. The significance level was P<0.05. The results show that the number of players born in 1st QDT was higher when compared to 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P<0.05), and higher when compared to 2nd QDT with 3rd QDT (P<0.05). For variables height and body mass, it was observed that players born in 1st QDT presented values significantly higher than those born in 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P<0.05). In the same way, players born in 2nd QDT presented higher values than those born in 3rd QDT (P<0.05).It could be concluded that the relative age effect exerts an influence on the selection of Brazilian U-15 soccer players because it is associated with differences in the anthropometric characteristics of these young players.

Analysis of the Relative Age Effect in Elite Youth Judo Athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1048-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Judo Athletes

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate relative age effects (RAEs) in elite youth judo athletes from different chronological age groups, between sexes, and across weight categories. Data from 1542 place winners of the cadet (under 17 y, 2009-2013) and junior judo world championships (under 20/21 y, 1990-2013) were separated by birth month into quarters (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4). The observed values were compared with expected annual age distributions using χ2 analyses, and odd ratios (OR) were used to evaluate effect sizes between quarters. The observed frequency of place winners was significantly different from the expected frequency for the age-group and sex comparisons and all body-mass groups (P < .05) with the exception of the extra-light categories (P = .572). When comparing Q1 with Q4 (OR, 95% confidence interval), small effect sizes were observed for cadets (1.72, 1.12-2.66), juniors (1.54, 1.23-1.94), males (1.75, 1.32-2.33), females (1.39, 1.03-1.87), and the light- (1.79, 1.21-2.64) and middle-weight (1.80, 1.20-2.70) categories. RAEs are apparent in cadet and junior judo athletes. Thus, coaches and administrators should consider the potential for physical and/or competitive advantages while adopting strategies that encourage long-term participation in youth judo athletes.

scholarly journals Visual motor integration in children with and without reading disability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6486-6489
Author(s):  
Ganapathy Sankar U ◽  
Monisha R
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Reading Disability ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Visual Motor

Where there are few occupational therapists in regular practice, and an educational psychologist and special educators conducted the majority of the assessment procedure and evaluation of children with visual-motor integration (VMI). They consider assessing children with VMI as similar to the assessment of children with research instruments, and the availability of the trained occupational therapist was limited. VMI is generally expressed as the ability of the child to integrate visual perception input and to coordinate it with limb movements for the execution of motor activities in sequential order. A child with impaired VMI skills fails to execute motor- based activity. We evaluated the visual-motor integration (VMI) in children with and without reading disabilities (RDs) in the primary schools of Mudichur. Full Range Test of Visual-Motor Integration (FRTVMI) was used to evaluate the visual-motor integration among children. A total of 20 children recruited from primary schools in Mudichur. Every parent of the children gave the willingness to participate in the study; 10 children were already diagnosed as having RDs, whereas the remaining 10 children were age-matched typically developing children. The results indicated that children with reading disability scored poor on the FRTVMI than the typically developing age-matched peer-group children. The results support the impairment in visual-motor integration is strongly related to learning disabilities, and the therapist should educate teachers of primary schools to refer children with learning disabilities. However, there is a need for strong assessment among children’s to quantify their skills in reading and writing, and it is vital to diagnose children in the early years to avoid academic failures. Teachers were in need to be educated to refer children are who are suspected of being at risk for RDs in school settings.

scholarly journals Athletic Performance and Birth Month: Is the Relative Age Effect More than just Selection Bias?

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. e6-e6
Author(s):  
G. Sandercock ◽  
A. Ogunleye ◽  
D. Parry ◽  
D. Cohen ◽  
M. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month

Compositional variability of Glacier Peak tephra and its stratigraphic significance

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1554-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Westgate ◽  
M. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Violent Event ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Palaeomagnetic Data ◽  
Tephra Layers ◽  
Compositional Variability ◽  
Northern Idaho ◽  
Eastern Washington

Glacier Peak Volcano erupted many times during the period from ~11 000 to ~13 000 years ago and produced at least Three widespread tephra layers that serve as valuable stratigraphic markers in northwestern United States and the adjacent plains of southwestern Canada. Each of these units can be recognized by their stratigraphic, petrographic, and chemical attributes.Tephra was shed over eastern Washington, northern Idaho, western Montana, and southernmost Alberta during each of the eruptions responsible for the older two units; the other layer was deposited during the youngest and most violent event that directed tephra to the southeast as far as Yellowstone National Park, ~950 km from the volcano.Chemical data on glass, hornblende, hypersthene, feldspar, magnetite, and ilmenite show a systematic and unidirectional trend in tephra composition with age; earlier eruptions produced slightly more acidic tephra. This age–composition relationship is confirmed by palaeomagnetic data obtained from 116 specimens collected from two 5 m thick sections. It should therefore be possible to determine the relative age of Glacier Peak tephra samples by their composition alone.The chronology of the Glacier Peak eruptive sequence is still poorly understood. This is especially true of the oldest unit which has so far only been found in southeastern Alberta. Proximal occurrences should be sought in the bogs of eastern Washington where prospects of preservation and age definition are optimised.

scholarly journals Relative age effect in U-16 Asian Championship Soccer Tournament

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pathmanathan K. Suppiah ◽  
Jeffrey Low Fook Lee ◽  
Abdul Muiz Nor Azmi ◽  
Hasnol Noordin ◽  
Rabiu Muazu Musa
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Month Of Birth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Older Athletes ◽  
Cognitive Knowledge

Athletes born at the beginning of the year may present the advantage of physical characteristics, motor ability or cognitive knowledge that could increase their chances for selection against their peers. This circumstance could lead to the over-representation of older athletes in an age-defined competition which is commonly referred to as relative age effect (RAE). Although, a number of studies have demonstrated that RAE is apparent in youth soccer, such studies barely investigates the performance advantage that may likely exists across the birth month of the athletes. The current study aims to determine the presence of RAE in the under 16 Asian Football Confederation Championship (AFC), investigate the effect of RAE on the team qualification success as well as ascertain the existence of RAE in the playing position amongst the soccer players. Data of the 2018 AFC under 16 qualifications matches were obtained from the AFC. A total of 719 players from 32 countries participated in the qualification competitions. Chi-square for goodness fit is used to determine the existence of the RAE across the players’ month of birth while logistic regression is applied to analyze the differences of the quartiles’ distribution with respect to the quartile, qualification status (qualifier or non-qualifier) as well as the playing position of the players. The results demonstrate the presence of RAE in the AFC under 16 soccer tournaments [χ2(4) = 21.53; p < 0.001] with the largest number of older players dominating the qualified team. Likewise, a substantial difference is observed with regards to the quartile and various playing position of the players p < 0.05.

The relative age and birth order effect in Japanese professional football

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110542
Author(s):  
Dai Yamamoto ◽  
Jun Takafuji ◽  
Tomoyuki Kato ◽  
Kazutake Kawai ◽  
Chihiro Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Football Player ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Training System ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Two Factors

This study examines how the probability of becoming a professional football player depends on the birth month (relative age effect) and birth order. These two factors are random and cannot be controlled by the athlete. If these factors influence the probability of the occurrence of top athletes, they not only create inequality but also close the disciplines to potentially talented athletes, lowering the level of competition. Therefore, in this study, we statistically clarified the presence or absence of “giftedness of life” by focusing on the birth month and birth order of professional football league players in the Japan Professional Football League (J-League). Our results indicate that the probability of the occurrence of J-League players decreases significantly with increasing birth order and birth month (180 days, from April onward). Moreover, we found that second-born players with an older brother had higher estimated salaries than players without siblings. These results reveal the characteristics of excellent football players and suggest the importance and direction of improvement in talent discovery and development in sports. Based on our results, we recommend improvements in the player training system to buffer the effects of relative age effect and birth order.

scholarly journals Self-perceived health related quality of life in adolescents with repaired cleft lip and palate

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Aparajit Ravikumar ◽  
Rajesh Balan ◽  
Padmasani Venkatramanan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cleft lip and palate is one of the most frequent birth defects and is associated co-morbidities such as facial abnormalities, difficulty in feeding, speech impairments and hearing difficulties. The psychological consequences of this anomaly are often not addressed effectively resulting in silent suffering for these individuals. The dissatisfaction with surgical outcome as well as the stigma and discrimination may affect the quality of life for both patients and their family. The study evaluates the self-perceived quality of life in children with repaired cleft lip/palate.Methods: Adolescents between the age of 11-18 years who were operated for cleft lip and palate in their early years were administered the WHO QOL-BREF questionnaire and their response were analysed in 4 domains, Physical health, Psychological, Social relationship and environmental.Results: Among the 46 children enrolled, 29 were boys and 17girls. The mean scores across each domain were as follows: Physical health-68.5, psychological-66, social relationship-88.5 and environmental-79.1.  The psychological stressors frequently encountered were: teasing by their peer group, unattractive physical appearance and dissatisfaction with facial features post-surgery.Conclusions: Among the 4 domains, the mean value of domain 3 (Social relationship) was the highest-88.5 and the mean value of domain 2 (Psychosocial) is the lowest-66. Continued psychological counselling and support during the turbulent adolescent years will help these children face the challenge of integrating with the society.

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