The value of juvenile animal studies: a Japanese industry perspective

2011 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Shimomura
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Juvenile Animal ◽  
Japanese Industry

The need for juvenile animal studies – A critical review

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liane Soellner ◽  
Klaus Olejniczak
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Juvenile Animal

Value of juvenile animal studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Leconte ◽  
Graham Bailey ◽  
Karen Davis-Bruno ◽  
Kok Wah Hew ◽  
James Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Juvenile Animal

Neuropathology Evaluation in Juvenile Toxicity Studies in Rodents: Comparison of Developmental Neurotoxicity Studies for Chemicals With Juvenile Animal Studies for Pediatric Pharmaceuticals

2021 ◽  
pp. 019262332110453
Author(s):  
Brad Bolon ◽  
Lori A. Dostal ◽  
Robert H. Garman
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Developmental Neurotoxicity ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Juvenile Animal ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Neural Tissues ◽  
Product Candidate ◽  
Perfusion Fixation

The developmental neuropathology examination in juvenile toxicity studies depends on the nature of the product candidate, its intended use, and the exposure scenario (eg, dose, duration, and route). Expectations for sampling, processing, and evaluating neural tissues differ for developmental neurotoxicity studies (DNTS) for chemicals and juvenile animal studies (JAS) for pediatric pharmaceuticals. Juvenile toxicity studies typically include macroscopic observations, brain weights, and light microscopic evaluation of routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections from major neural tissues (brain, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve) as neuropathology endpoints. The DNTS is a focused evaluation of the nervous system, so the study design incorporates perfusion fixation, plastic embedding of at least one nerve, quantitative analysis of selected brain regions, and sometimes special neurohistological stains. In contrast, the JAS examines multiple systems, so neural tissues undergo conventional tissue processing (eg, immersion fixation, paraffin embedding, H&E staining only). An “expanded neurohistopathology” (or “expanded neuropathology”) approach may be performed for JAS if warranted, typically by light microscopic evaluation of more neural tissues (usually additional sections of brain, ganglia, and/or more nerves) or/and special neurohistological stains, to investigate specific questions (eg, a more detailed exploration of a potential neuroactive effect) or to fulfill regulatory requests.

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