Review on testicular development, structure, function, and regulation in common marmoset

2005 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Hong Li ◽  
James M. Donald ◽  
Mari S. Golub
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Development Structure

Neurobiology of Monotremes

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Sensory Pathways ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
The One ◽  
Development Structure ◽  
Embryonic Structure ◽  
Brain Atlases

Neurobiology of Monotremes brings together current information on the development, structure, function and behavioural ecology of the monotremes. The monotremes are an unusual and evolutionarily important group of mammals showing striking behavioural and physiological adaptations to their niches. They are the only mammals exhibiting electroreception (in the trigeminal sensory pathways) and the echidna shows distinctive olfactory specialisations. The authors aim to close the current gap in knowledge between the genes and developmental biology of monotremes on the one hand, and the adult structure, function and ecology of monotremes on the other. They explore how the sequence 'embryonic structure › adult structure › behaviour' is achieved in monotremes and how this differs from other mammals. The work also combines a detailed review of the neurobiology of monotremes with photographic and diagrammatic atlases of the sectioned adult brains and peripheral nervous system of the short-beaked echidna and platypus. Pairing of a detailed review of the field with the first published brain atlases of two of the three living monotremes will allow the reader to immediately relate key points in the text to features in the atlases and will extend a universal system of brain nomenclature developed in eutherian brain atlases by G Paxinos and colleagues to monotremes.

scholarly journals The role of CYP17A1 in prostate cancer development: structure, function, mechanism of action, genetic variations and its inhibition

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kmeťová Sivoňová ◽  
Jana Jurečeková ◽  
Zuzana Tatarková ◽  
Peter Kaplán ◽  
Lucia Lichardusová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Function Mechanism ◽  
Prostate Cancer Development ◽  
Development Structure

scholarly journals Pubertal and testicular development in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) shows high individual variation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Irfan ◽  
J. Wistuba ◽  
J. Ehmcke ◽  
M. Shahab ◽  
S. Schlatt
Keyword(s):  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Common Marmoset ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Tubular Lumen ◽  
The Common ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a New World primate that exhibits a man-like adult testicular organization. Aims: this study examines the pubertal testicular development in the common marmoset. Material and methods: immature male common marmosets (n = 48) were monitored longitudinally for a period of 13 months. Body weight and testicular volume (TV) were recorded, and testosterone levels were analyzed by an in-house radioimmunoassay. After 13 months the testes were collected, fixed and embedded in paraffin (n = 48). Histological and morphometric data were determined. Results: the first 6 months exhibited a rapid rise in body weight but not in TV. At 7 months a threefold increase in testosterone levels was observed. After 7 months the first few animals displayed rapid testis growth (> 250 mm3 at 10 months), while others exhibited no or slow pubertal development (≤ 100 mm3 at 10 months). Histological features confirmed an individually variable pattern of testicular development. Parallel with the rise in serum testosterone levels, an increase in the diameter of seminiferous tubules and an appearance of a tubular lumen as well as meiotic germ cells were encountered. The onset and the kinetics of testicular development were highly variable between individual animals in the colony. Epididymal sperm were first observed at 12 months of age. The TV and seminiferous tubule diameter showed continued growth after 12 months of age, especially in the animals developing with a delay after 7 months. Conclusions: pubertal onset in the common marmosets occurs at the earliest at 6 months of age and is hallmarked by sudden threefold increase in serum testosterone levels and a significant rise in the TV. Pubertal testis growth is characterized by an appearance of a tubular lumen and of primary and secondary spermatocytes. Spermatogenesis is qualitatively accomplished at the earliest at 12 months of age. A very high individual difference in onset and kinetics of pubertal development renders the age a very poor prognostic factor to determine the pubertal status of individual marmosets.

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