Pressure-Jump Experiments for the Study of the Kinetics of Phase Separation in the Binary System Ethene/Hexane. II. Measurements of Pressure-Induced Temperature Changes

1990 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Metz ◽  
G. M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Pressure Jump ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals The effects of cosolutes and crowding on the kinetics of protein condensate formation based on liquid–liquid phase separation: a pressure-jump relaxation study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Cinar ◽  
Roland Winter
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Pressure Jump ◽  
Transformation Kinetics ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Pressure Jump Relaxation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Abstract Biomolecular assembly processes based on liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) are ubiquitous in the biological cell. To fully understand the role of LLPS in biological self-assembly, it is necessary to characterize also their kinetics of formation and dissolution. Here, we introduce the pressure-jump relaxation technique in concert with UV/Vis and FTIR spectroscopy as well as light microscopy to characterize the evolution of LLPS formation and dissolution in a time-dependent manner. As a model system undergoing LLPS we used the globular eye-lens protein γD-crystallin. As cosolutes and macromolecular crowding are known to affect the stability and dynamics of biomolecular condensates in cellulo, we extended our kinetic study by addressing also the impact of urea, the deep-sea osmolyte trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and a crowding agent on the transformation kinetics of the LLPS system. As a prerequisite for the kinetic studies, the phase diagram of γD-crystallin at the different solution conditions also had to be determined. The formation of the droplet phase was found to be a very rapid process and can be switched on and off on the 1–4 s timescale. Theoretical treatment using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov model indicates that the LLPS proceeds via a diffusion-limited nucleation and growth mechanism at subcritical protein concentrations, a scenario which is also expected to prevail within biologically relevant crowded systems. Compared to the marked effect the cosolutes take on the stability of the LLPS region, their effect at biologically relevant concentrations on the phase transformation kinetics is very small, which might be a particular advantage in the cellular context, as a fast switching capability of the transition should not be compromised by the presence of cellular cosolutes.

Kinetics of the α-α′ phase separation in a 14%Cr oxide dispersion steel at intermediate temperatures

2020 ◽  
pp. 129088
Author(s):  
Yael Templeman ◽  
Malki Pinkas ◽  
Eli Brosh ◽  
Einat Strumza ◽  
Shmuel Hayun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Oxide Dispersion ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Kinetics Of

Phase Separation of β-SN in Strained, Compositionally Metastable Ge1-xSnx Alloys

1995 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua W. Kriesel ◽  
Susanne M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Melting Behavior ◽  
Solubility Limit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solubility Limit ◽  
Transformation Mechanisms ◽  
Subsequent Phase ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTUsing rf sputtering and post-deposition annealing in a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), we manufactured bulk (4000 nm) films of crystalline Ge0.83Sn0.17. This Sn concentration is much greater than the solid solubility limit of Sn in Ge (x ≤ 0.01). Continued annealing thermally induces Sn phase separation from the alloy, limiting the ultimate attainable grain size in the metastable crystals. We examine, here, the mechanisms and kinetics of the processes limiting the size of the Ge0.83Sn0.17 polycrystals. From a combination of DSC, electron microprobe, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, we propose phase transformation mechanisms corresponding to crystallization of amorphous Ge0.83Sn0.17, crystallization of an as-yet unidentified phase of Sn, and phase separation of Sn from the Ge1-xSnx crystals. We were unable to observe the unidentified phase of Sn in XRD, but the phase must be present in the material to account for the quantitative discrepancies (as much as 8 at.%) in Sn percentages determined from each of the DSC, XRD, and electron microprobe measurements. Our models for the various transformation kinetics were corroborated by the subsequent phase-separated Sn melting behavior observed in the DSC: two Sn melting endotherms, one of which was 20–100°C lower than the bulk melting temperature of Sn. This depressed temperature endotherm we speculate represents liquefaction of nanometer-sized (β–Sn clusters.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics and kinetics of phase separation of protein-RNA mixtures by a minimal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerelle A. Joseph ◽  
Jorge R. Espinosa ◽  
Ignacio Sanchez-Burgos ◽  
Adiran Garaizar ◽  
Daan Frenkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

Phase-separation kinetics of a multicomponent alloy

1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 822-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mazumder ◽  
D. Sen ◽  
I. S. Batra ◽  
R. Tewari ◽  
G. K. Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Multicomponent Alloy ◽  
Phase Separation Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Separation Kinetics
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