Negative Ions in the Gas Phase Observed in Electron Transmission and Electron Attachment Spectroscopy

1984 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Heni ◽  
Georg Kwiatkowski ◽  
Eugen Illenberger
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Electron Transmission

Fragmentation of chlorpyrifos by thermal electron attachment: a likely relation to its metabolism and toxicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (34) ◽  
pp. 22272-22283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav A. Pshenichnyuk ◽  
Alberto Modelli ◽  
Alexander S. Vorob’ev ◽  
Nail L. Asfandiarov ◽  
Ekaterina P. Nafikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Chemical Calculations ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Organophosphorus Insecticide ◽  
Dissociative Electron Attachment ◽  
Thermal Electron ◽  
Electron Transmission

The energies of formation and dissociative decays of temporary negative ions of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos are studied using electron transmission, dissociative electron attachment spectroscopies and quantum-chemical calculations.

Formation of resonances and anionic fragments upon electron attachment to benzaldehyde

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8171-8181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ameixa ◽  
E. Arthur-Baidoo ◽  
J. Pereira-da-Silva ◽  
M. Ryszka ◽  
I. Carmichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Negative Ions

In the present study, we investigated the formation of negative ions following electron attachment to benzaldehyde in the gas-phase.

Electron attachment to chloronitrobenzene: Formation of negative ions from gas phase and condensed phase molecules

2008 ◽  
Vol 455 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Dąbkowska ◽  
Mario Orzol ◽  
Ilko Bald ◽  
Judith Langer ◽  
Eugen Illenberger
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Condensed Phase ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Negative Ions

Numerical Simulation of Leakage Current on Conductive Insulator Surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9487-9492
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Leakage Current ◽  
Method Of Lines ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Conduction Current ◽  
Insulator Surface ◽  
Finite Difference Approximations ◽  
Positive Ions

The outdoor insulator is commonly exposed to environmental pollution. The presence of water like raindrops and dew on the contaminant surface can lead to surface degradation due to leakage current. However, the physical process of this phenomenon is not well understood. Hence, in this study we develop a mathematical model of leakage current on the outdoor insulator surface using the Nernst Planck theory which accounts for the charge transport between the electrodes (negative and positive electrode) and charge generation mechanism. Meanwhile the electric field obeys Poisson’s equation. Method of Lines technique is used to solve the model numerically in which it converts the PDE into a system of ODEs by Finite Difference Approximations. The numerical simulation compares reasonably well with the experimental conduction current. The findings from the simulation shows that the conduction current is affected by the electric field distribution and charge concentration. The rise of the conduction current is due to the distribution of positive ion while the dominancy of electron attachment with neutral molecule and recombination with positive ions has caused a significant reduction of electron and increment of negative ions.

Ion chemistry of second-row transition metals in hydrocarbon flames: cations and anions of Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2263-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine C.Y. Chow ◽  
John M. Goodings
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Chemical Ionization ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Ion Chemistry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Flames

A pair of laminar, premixed, CH4–O2 flames above 2000 K at atmospheric pressure, one fuel-rich (FR) and the other fuel-lean (FL), were doped with ~10−6 mol fraction of the second-row transition metals Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo. Since these hydrocarbon flames contain natural ionization, metallic ions were produced in the flames by the chemical ionization (CI) of metallic neutral species, primarily by H3O+ and OH− as CI sources. Both positive and negative ions of the metals were observed as profiles of ion concentration versus distance along the flame axis by sampling the flames through a nozzle into a mass spectrometer. For yttrium, the observed ions include the YO+•nH2O (n = 0–3) series, and Y(OH)4−. With zirconium, they include the ZrO(OH)+•nH2O (n = 0–2) series, and ZrO(OH)3−. Those observed with niobium were the cations Nb(OH)3+ and Nb(OH)4+, and the single anion NbO2(OH)2−. For molybdenum, they include the cations MoO(OH)2+ and MoO(OH)3+, and the anions MoO3− and MoO3(OH)−. Not every ion was observed in each flame; the FL flame tended to favour the ions in higher oxidation states. Also, flame ions in higher oxidation states were emphasized for these second-row transition metals compared with their first-row counterparts. Some ions written as members of hydrate series may have structures different from those of simple hydrates; e.g., YO+•H2O = Y(OH)2+ and ZrO(OH)+•H2O = Zr(OH)3+, etc. The ion chemistry for the production of these ions by CI in flames is discussed in detail. Keywords: transition metals, ions, flame, gas phase, negative ions.

UV-Photoelectron, Electron Transmission, and Dissociative Electron Attachment Spectroscopies of Acetone Oximes

1998 ◽  
Vol 102 (41) ◽  
pp. 8037-8043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dal Colle ◽  
Giuseppe Distefano ◽  
Alberto Modelli ◽  
Derek Jones ◽  
Maurizio Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Attachment ◽  
Dissociative Electron Attachment ◽  
Electron Transmission

Gas-phase chemistry of the negative ions derived from azo- and hydrazobenzene

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steen Ingemann ◽  
Roel H. Fokkens ◽  
Nico M. M. Nibbering
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Gas Phase Chemistry ◽  
Phase Chemistry

Formation of gas-phase negative ions in vinylene carbonate

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.N. Compton ◽  
P.W. Reinhardt ◽  
H.C. Schweinler
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Vinylene Carbonate

Carbanion Rearrangements in the Gas Phase: The Unusual Claisen Rearrangement of Deprotonated Allyl Vinyl Ether

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
PCH Eichinger ◽  
JH Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Vinyl Ether ◽  
Condensed Phase ◽  
Claisen Rearrangement ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Wittig Rearrangement ◽  
Major Reaction

Allyl vinyl ether is reported to undergo a facile Wittig rearrangement to yield penta-1,4-dien-3-ol under base- catalysed conditions in the condensed phase. In marked contrast, the Wittig rearrangement is not a major reaction in the gas phase. Instead, initial rearrangement occurs by a Claisen process and subsequent fragmentations involve some of the most complex interconversions yet proposed for negative ions.

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