Gastrointestinal symptoms and sensory abnormalities associated with behavioral problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunya Kurokawa ◽  
Kensuke Nomura ◽  
Katsuma Miyaho ◽  
Kenji Sanada ◽  
Chiaki Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Sensory Abnormalities

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders When School Closures Were Lifted

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kota Suzuki ◽  
Michio Hiratani
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Aberrant Behavior Checklist ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
At Home

Human activities have been changing in conjunction with the status of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with school closures and activity cancellations becoming commonplace. As such, the COVID-19 pandemic likely also has had a detrimental impact on the behavioral problems of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). In Japan, the government issued a stay-at-home order causing children to stop participating in school activities following the first declaration of a state of emergency (April 7 to May 25, 2020). During winter 2020, the stay-at-home order and school closures were lifted. Using longitudinal data of children with NDD, we compared the behavioral problems of children with NDD between October 1 and December 31, 2020 (i.e., winter 2020) with their behavioral problems before the COVID-19 pandemic (pre-COVID-19). In this study, 143 caregivers of children with NDD evaluated their behavioral problems using the Japanese version of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC-J) in the pre-COVID-19 period and winter 2020. We found no scores that were higher in winter 2020 compared to pre-COVID-19. Moreover, irritability and hyperactivity scores were significantly lower in winter 2020 compared to pre-COVID-19. These findings suggest weak negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavioral problems of children with NDD. In schools and clinical practice, children learned knowledge about COVID-19 and related preventive behaviors. Therefore, these practices may have alleviated the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with NDD.

Gastrointestinal symptoms and behavioral problems in preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Fulceri ◽  
Mariangela Morelli ◽  
Elisa Santocchi ◽  
Hellas Cena ◽  
Teresa Del Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

scholarly journals EIF3F-related neurodevelopmental disorder: refining the phenotypic and expanding the molecular spectrum

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Hüffmeier ◽  
◽  
Cornelia Kraus ◽  
Miriam S. Reuter ◽  
Steffen Uebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Missense Variant ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Molecular Spectrum ◽  
Compound Heterozygous

Abstract Background An identical homozygous missense variant in EIF3F, identified through a large-scale genome-wide sequencing approach, was reported as causative in nine individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by variable intellectual disability, epilepsy, behavioral problems and sensorineural hearing-loss. To refine the phenotypic and molecular spectrum of EIF3F-related neurodevelopmental disorder, we examined independent patients. Results 21 patients were homozygous and one compound heterozygous for c.694T>G/p.(Phe232Val) in EIF3F. Haplotype analyses in 15 families suggested that c.694T>G/p.(Phe232Val) was a founder variant. All affected individuals had developmental delays including delayed speech development. About half of the affected individuals had behavioral problems, altered muscular tone, hearing loss, and short stature. Moreover, this study suggests that microcephaly, reduced sensitivity to pain, cleft lip/palate, gastrointestinal symptoms and ophthalmological symptoms are part of the phenotypic spectrum. Minor dysmorphic features were observed, although neither the individuals’ facial nor general appearance were obviously distinctive. Symptoms in the compound heterozygous individual with an additional truncating variant were at the severe end of the spectrum in regard to motor milestones, speech delay, organic problems and pre- and postnatal growth of body and head, suggesting some genotype–phenotype correlation. Conclusions Our study refines the phenotypic and expands the molecular spectrum of EIF3F-related syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.

scholarly journals Maternal Perinatal Depression and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring: Preliminary Results from the SOS MOOD Project

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1150
Author(s):  
Martina Siracusano ◽  
Assia Riccioni ◽  
Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti ◽  
Elisa Carloni ◽  
Antonia Baratta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Preliminary Results

The latest research is attempting to define whether there may be an association between maternal Perinatal Depression (PD), the use of psychotropic medications during pregnancy, and a higher risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A better understanding of the relation between PD and ASD is a key element to develop early interventions. This study has been developed in the context of the SOS MOOD project. Its aim is to evaluate the possible impact of maternal PD on the child’s cognitive and behavioral phenotype with a focus on ASD. Women included in the project were screened during pregnancy (1st, 2nd trimester) for PD—categorized as affected or not—and if necessary were prescribed pharmacological therapy; offspring of both groups of women underwent at a mean age of 43 months a standardized neuropsychiatric evaluation of developmental and cognitive skills, behavioral problems, autism symptoms and parental stress. Preliminary results on 59 women and 59 children do not suggest significant long-term effects of maternal PD on offspring’s development and behavior. Nonetheless further studies on wider samples are necessary in order to confirm such results and disentangle the role of possible confounding factors associated to the maternal illness.

scholarly journals Cognitive Rehabilitation of Adaptive Behavior in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-nae Ahn ◽  
Sujin Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity

Objectives. Negative behavioral problems often occur following the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders and have an overall impact on the affected children, specifically in terms of their social developmental level. In children, social development behavior has been shown to spontaneously mature over time with the cognitive therapy intervention effects. This study performed a meta-analysis to provide a statistical synopsis of the available evidence of social development behavioral changes following cognitive therapy in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Methods. Data was collected from two online search engines, including EBSCOhost and PubMed, from January 1, 2006, to August 31, 2016, using the terms “cognition,” “cognitive function,” and “disease including neurodevelopmental disorder with DSM-5.” Two assessors searched the literature using independent inclusion criteria and evaluated the quality of results using the Jadad score. Six articles were chosen using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program (version 2.0). Results. Six articles reporting randomized controlled trial studies were included. The effective scores for improving adaptive behavior following cognitive therapy in children with neurodevelopmental disorder were 0.64. The effective score of adaptive behavior was significant in this study (p<0.05). The results showed no significant statistical heterogeneity and publication bias. Conclusions. The findings of the meta-analysis suggest that cognitive interventions are effective at improving adaptive behavior associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.

scholarly journals Kismet/CHD7/CHD8 affects gut biomechanics, the gut microbiome, and gut-brain axis in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Niosi ◽  
Nguyên Henry Võ ◽  
Punithavathi Sundar ◽  
Chloe Welch ◽  
Aliyah Penn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Risk Genes ◽  
And Behavior

The gut-brain axis may contribute to the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, yet it is often unclear how risk genes associated with these disorders affect gut physiology in a manner that could impact microbial colonization. We addressed this question using Drosophila melanogaster with a null mutation in kismet, the ortholog of chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein ( CHD ) family members CHD7 and CHD8. In humans, CHD7 and CHD8 are risk genes for neurodevelopmental disorders with co-occurring gastrointestinal symptoms . We found kismet mutant flies have a significant increase in gastrointestinal transit time, indicating functional homology of kismet with CHD7/CHD8 in vertebrates. To measure gut tissue mechanics, we used a high-precision force transducer and length controller, capable of measuring forces to micro-Newton precision, which revealed significant changes in the mechanics of kismet mutant guts, in terms of elasticity, strain stiffening, and tensile strength. Using 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing, we also found kismet mutants have reduced diversity of gut microbiota at every taxonomic level and an increase in pathogenic taxa. To investigate the connection between the gut microbiome and behavior, we depleted gut microbiota in kismet mutant and control flies and measured courtship behavior. Depletion of gut microbiota rescued courtship defects of kismet mutant flies, indicating a connection between gut microbiota and behavior. In striking contrast, depletion of gut microbiome in the control strain reduced courtship activity. This result demonstrated that antibiotic treatment can have differential impacts on behavior that may depend on the status of microbial dysbiosis in the gut prior to depletion. We propose that Kismet influences multiple gastrointestinal phenotypes that contribute to the gut-brain axis to influence behavior.  Based on our results, we also suggest that gut tissue mechanics should be considered as an element in the gut-brain communication loop, both influenced by and potentially influencing the gut microbiome and neuronal development.

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