Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1690-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Houghton ◽  
Chuang Liu ◽  
Federico Bolognani
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychotropic Medication ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
The United Kingdom

scholarly journals Differential cerebrovascular risks in glioblastoma and meningioma patients: a population-based matched cohort study in Wales (United Kingdom)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv12-iv12
Author(s):  
Michael T C Poon ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
Paul M Brennan ◽  
Jonine Figueroa ◽  
Cathie Sudlow
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of

Abstract Aims There is limited evidence on cerebrovascular risks in glioblastoma and meningioma patients. We aimed to compare cerebrovascular risks of these patients with the general population. Method We used population-based routine healthcare and administrative data linkage in this matched cohort study. Cases were adult glioblastoma and meningioma patients diagnosed in Wales 2000-2014 identified in the cancer registry. Controls from cancer-free general population were matched to cases (5:1 ratio) on age (±5 years), sex and GP practice. Factors included in multivariable models were age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, history of cardiovascular disease, and medications for cardiovascular diseases. Outcomes were fatal and non-fatal haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke. We used flexible parametric models adjusting for confounders to calculate the hazard ratios (HR). Results Final analytic population was 16,921 participants, of which 1,340 had glioblastoma and 1,498 had meningioma. The median follow-up time was 0.5 year for glioblastoma patients, 4.9 years for meningioma patients, and 6.6 years for controls. The number of haemorrhage and ischaemic stroke was 154 and 374 in the glioblastoma matched cohort, respectively, and 180 and 569 in the meningioma matched cohort, respectively. The adjusted HRs for haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke were 3.74 (95%CI 1.87-6.57) and 5.62 (95%CI 2.56-10.42) in glioblastoma patients, respectively, and were 2.42 (95%CI 1.58-3.52) and 1.86 (95%CI 1.54-2.23) in meningioma patients compared with their controls. Conclusion Glioblastoma and meningioma patients had higher cerebrovascular risks; these risks were even higher for glioblastoma patients. Further assessment of these potentially modifiable risks may improve survivorship.

scholarly journals Incidence of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in asthma: a UK population-based matched cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 2001251
Author(s):  
Christos V. Chalitsios ◽  
Tricia M. McKeever ◽  
Dominick E. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundOsteoporosis and fragility fractures (FF) are associated with corticosteroids which are the mainstay treatment for asthma; however, these bone comorbidities within asthma need to be better described.MethodsA matched cohort study was conducted using the Clinical Practice Research Database (CPRD). Adults with an incident asthma code were identified and matched, with up to four randomly selected people without asthma, by age, gender, and practice. Osteoporosis and FF incidence rates were calculated, and Cox regression was performed comparing hazard rates to the general population. We report the impact of age, gender, glucocorticoids, and the risk of specific fractures.ResultsPatients with asthma had a higher risk of osteoporosis (aHR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.13–1.23) and were 12% (aHR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.07–1.16) more likely to sustain FF than the general population. Age modified the effect of asthma on osteoporosis and FF, such that effect to be stronger in younger people (pinteraction<0.0001). Vertebral (aHR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.33–1.48), and forearm-wrist (aHR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.22–1.32) were the sites linked with a larger incidence. A dose-response relationship between oral corticosteroids (OCS) and osteoporosis was observed, whereas the risk of FF increased in those with 6 or more OCS courses per year. Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) increased the risk of both bone conditions.ConclusionPatients with asthma are more likely to develop osteoporosis or sustain FF than the general population with a particular concern in younger people and those more frequently using OCS and ICS.

scholarly journals Risk of Infection in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Compared With the General Population: A Matched Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain M. Carey ◽  
Julia A. Critchley ◽  
Stephen DeWilde ◽  
Tess Harris ◽  
Fay J. Hosking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Matched Cohort Study
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